easyMultiple Choice
AIF-C01 Practice Question: A company builds an AI system that generates…
A company builds an AI system that generates medical diagnoses. To ensure patient safety and allow oversight, the company wants a human to review all high-risk predictions before they are acted upon. Which AWS service should they use?
⚠ Common exam trap
AIF-C01 often tests the difference between Ground Truth (data labeling for training) and A2I (human review of predictions) — candidates confuse the two because both involve humans and ML.
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Amazon Augmented AI (A2I)
Amazon Augmented AI (A2I) is specifically designed to add human review workflows to machine learning predictions, including the ability to route high-risk or low-confidence predictions to human reviewers before action is taken. It integrates with Amazon SageMaker and other AWS services to create human review loops for sensitive use cases like medical diagnoses. This directly matches the requirement for human oversight of high-risk predictions.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
AWS Lambda
Why it's wrong here
AWS Lambda executes code in response to events; it has no built-in human review queue, so it cannot gate a diagnosis on human approval. It is tempting because it can invoke models and route notifications, and it would be correct for serverless inference or orchestration logic that needs no human decision point.
- ✗
Amazon SageMaker Ground Truth
Why it's wrong here
Amazon SageMaker Ground Truth builds labelled training datasets through annotation workforces; it does not intercept live inference requests for approval. It is tempting because it is the AWS service most associated with humans in the loop, and it would be correct for labelling or RLHF data collection rather than runtime oversight.
- ✓
Amazon Augmented AI (A2I)
Why this is correct
Amazon Augmented AI (A2I) provides built-in human review workflows, letting you route low-confidence or high-risk predictions to human reviewers before action. It directly satisfies the stem's requirement for human oversight of all high-risk medical diagnoses, integrating with Amazon Rekognition and custom models via the A2I API.
- ✗
AWS Step Functions
Why it's wrong here
AWS Step Functions coordinates workflow states and can pause for a callback, but it provides no review interface, reviewer identity or audit trail for the decision itself. It is tempting because a task token can block until approved, and it would be correct for orchestrating multi-step pipelines that call a separate human-review service.
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JA
Written and reviewed by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security
Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva
Last reviewed September 2026 · checked against the official Amazon Web Services exam blueprint
This AIF-C01 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Amazon Web Services certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the AIF-C01 exam.