EX200 Create and configure file systems Practice Test 4 — 15 Questions

Question 1

Which THREE commands are required to create a logical volume named lv_data of size 10G in volume group vg_data, format it as XFS, and mount it at /mnt/data?

Accepted Answer

lvcreate -L 10G -n lv_data vg_data. The `lvcreate -L 10G -n lv_data vg_data` command creates a logical volume named lv_data with a size of 10 GB within the volume group vg_data. This is the standard LVM command for creating logical volumes, where `-L` specifies the size and `-n` specifies the name.

Answer

vgcreate vg_data /dev/sde1

Answer

pvcreate /dev/sde1

Question 2

Which TWO commands can mount an ISO file /tmp/rhel.iso to /mnt/iso?

Accepted Answer

mount -o loop /tmp/rhel.iso /mnt/iso. The `mount -o loop` command creates a loop device to access the ISO file as a block device, allowing it to be mounted to /mnt/iso. This is the standard method for mounting ISO files without specifying a filesystem type, as the kernel auto-detects iso9660.

Answer

isomount /tmp/rhel.iso /mnt/iso

Answer

losetup /tmp/rhel.iso && mount /dev/loop0 /mnt/iso

Answer

mount /tmp/rhel.iso /mnt/iso

Question 3

An administrator wants to enable user disk quotas on an XFS filesystem mounted at /home. Which steps are required?

Accepted Answer

Add 'uquota' to /etc/fstab, remount, then run xfs_quota -x -c 'limit -u bsoft=500m bhard=1g user1' /home. XFS uses its own quota management tools, not the traditional `quotacheck`/`edquota` tools used by ext4. The correct procedure is to add the `uquota` mount option to `/etc/fstab`, remount the filesystem, and then use `xfs_quota` to set limits. The `xfs_quota` command with the `-x` (expert) flag and `-c` (command) flag allows setting user quotas directly, and the path `/home` specifies the filesystem.

Answer

Add 'usrquota' to /etc/fstab, remount, then run quotacheck and edquota

Answer

Quotas are not supported on XFS filesystems

Answer

Use mount -o uquota /home, then setquota -u user1 500M 1G /home

Question 4

What is the default filesystem type in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8?

Accepted Answer

XFS. In Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8, the default filesystem type is XFS. XFS is a high-performance 64-bit journaling filesystem that supports large files and filesystems, and it has been the default since RHEL 7. The Anaconda installer selects XFS by default for the root filesystem during a standard installation.

Answer

btrfs

Answer

ZFS

Answer

ext4

Question 5

A logical volume /dev/vg_data/lv_data formatted as XFS is full. The administrator extends the LV by 1 GB using 'lvextend -L +1G /dev/vg_data/lv_data'. Which additional command is required to use the new space?

Accepted Answer

xfs_growfs /mount/point. After extending the logical volume, the XFS file system must be grown to recognize the new space. The `xfs_growfs` command resizes an XFS file system to fill the available space in the underlying block device, and it requires the mount point as an argument (not the device). This is necessary because XFS does not support online resizing via a simple block device extension; the file system must be explicitly told to expand.

Answer

xfs_repair /dev/vg_data/lv_data

Answer

resize2fs /mount/point

Answer

lvresize -L +1G /dev/vg_data/lv_data

Question 6

A system administrator needs to verify that the filesystem on /dev/sdb1 is ext4 before adding it to /etc/fstab. Which command provides this information?

Accepted Answer

lsblk -f /dev/sdb1. The `lsblk -f /dev/sdb1` command displays the filesystem type (FSTYPE) for the specified block device, such as ext4. This is the most direct and reliable way to verify the filesystem on a specific partition before adding it to /etc/fstab.

Answer

mount -a

Answer

df -Th /dev/sdb1

Answer

fdisk -l /dev/sdb1

Question 7

An administrator has an XFS filesystem on a logical volume /dev/vg_data/lv_data mounted at /data. To extend the filesystem by 10GB, which sequence of commands is correct?

Accepted Answer

lvextend -L +10G /dev/vg_data/lv_data; xfs_growfs /data. For XFS filesystems, the logical volume must be extended first with `lvextend`, then the filesystem must be grown online using `xfs_growfs` with the mount point as the argument. XFS does not support shrinking and requires this specific order; `resize2fs` is only for ext2/3/4 filesystems.

Answer

lvextend -L +10G /dev/vg_data/lv_data; resize2fs /dev/vg_data/lv_data

Answer

xfs_growfs /data; lvextend -L +10G /dev/vg_data/lv_data

Answer

resize2fs /dev/vg_data/lv_data; lvextend -L +10G /dev/vg_data/lv_data

Question 8

An administrator is configuring a new filesystem for a database server that requires high performance and reliability. Which two features should be considered when choosing between ext4 and XFS? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

XFS is optimized for parallel I/O. B is correct because XFS is designed for high-performance, parallel I/O workloads, using allocation groups that allow concurrent operations, making it ideal for database servers. E is correct because XFS employs checksums in its metadata (since RHEL 7) and self-healing capabilities via the reflink feature, providing robust integrity against corruption.

Answer

Ext4 supports larger files than XFS

Answer

Ext4 has better online resizing capabilities

Answer

Ext4 supports subvolume snapshots

Question 9

Which three of the following actions are required when adding a new swap device to the system? (Choose three.)

Accepted Answer

Use mkswap to set up the swap signature. `mkswap` writes a swap signature (UUID and label) to the device, which is required before the kernel can use it as swap space. Without this signature, the device is not recognized as a swap area.

Answer

Mount the device to a swap directory

Answer

Create a filesystem using mkfs

Question 10

A system administrator at a company is configuring a new storage array for a file server. The server uses LVM on top of a hardware RAID5 array. The administrator has created a volume group "vg_data" and a logical volume "lv_docs" intended for an XFS filesystem. After formatting with mkfs.xfs and mounting to /docs, the system works. However, after a reboot, the mount point is empty and the logical volume is not mounted. The administrator checks /etc/fstab and finds an entry using the device path /dev/vg_data/lv_docs. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

The volume group is not activated during boot because the LVM service is not enabled. LVM volume groups are not automatically activated during boot unless the lvm2-lvmetad service (or equivalent LVM service) is enabled. Without this service, the system does not scan for and activate volume groups, so logical volumes like /dev/vg_data/lv_docs are not available for mounting. The /etc/fstab entry using the device path fails silently, leaving /docs empty.

Answer

The mount point /docs was deleted during reboot

Answer

The XFS filesystem was corrupted during reboot

Answer

The logical volume name is misspelled in /etc/fstab

Question 11

An IT department runs a web server that stores user uploads on an ext4 filesystem on /dev/sdb1 mounted at /uploads. Recently, the partition has run out of space. The administrator checks with df -h and sees 100% usage. However, du -sh /uploads shows only 2GB used. The administrator suspects deleted files still held open by processes. Which command should be used to identify and resolve the issue?

Accepted Answer

lsof +L1 /uploads to find deleted open files, then kill processes. The discrepancy between `df -h` showing 100% usage and `du -sh /uploads` showing only 2GB indicates that deleted files are still held open by running processes. The `lsof +L1 /uploads` command lists files with a link count of zero (deleted but still open), and killing the associated processes releases the disk space. This is a classic scenario on ext4 filesystems where file descriptors prevent space reclamation until the process closes the file.

Answer

rm -rf /uploads/* to clean all files

Answer

fsck /dev/sdb1 to repair filesystem

Answer

resize2fs /dev/sdb1 to shrink filesystem

Question 12

A Red Hat Enterprise Linux system has a second disk /dev/sdb with a single partition /dev/sdb1 that was formatted as XFS and mounted at /mnt/backup. The administrator wants to change the filesystem on /dev/sdb1 to ext4 without losing existing data. Which steps should be taken in order?

Accepted Answer

Backup data, unmount, mkfs.ext4, remount, restore data. You cannot convert an XFS filesystem to ext4 in place; the only safe method is to back up the data, unmount the partition, create a new ext4 filesystem with mkfs.ext4, remount, and then restore the data. XFS and ext4 have fundamentally different on-disk structures (e.g., allocation groups vs. block groups, different journaling formats), so no in-place conversion tool exists.

Answer

Unmount, mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1, then mount

Answer

Use xfs_admin to change type

Answer

Use fsck.ext4 to convert in place

Question 13

A system administrator has added a new disk /dev/sdb to a Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 server. The directory /data already exists. Which two steps must be performed to prepare the disk for mounting as an XFS file system at /data?

Accepted Answer

Run mkfs.xfs on the partition (e.g., mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1). After creating a partition on /dev/sdb, you must format it with the XFS file system using mkfs.xfs. This writes the XFS superblock and metadata structures to the partition, making it ready for mounting. Without this step, the partition has no file system and cannot be mounted.

Answer

Mount the partition to /data (mount /dev/sdb1 /data)

Answer

Create the /data directory (mkdir -p /data)

Answer

Add an entry to /etc/fstab for the new mount

Question 14

A system administrator receives alerts that the /var/log partition is 100% full. The partition is on /dev/mapper/vg_log-lv_var_log, formatted with XFS, and is mounted at /var/log. The volume group vg_log has 10GB of free space available. The administrator runs the command `lvextend -L +10G /dev/mapper/vg_log-lv_var_log` successfully, but then `df -h` still shows 100% full. What is the next step the administrator should take to use the newly added space?

Accepted Answer

Run xfs_growfs /var/log. After extending the logical volume with `lvextend`, the underlying block device has more space, but the XFS filesystem does not automatically recognize it. The correct next step is to run `xfs_growfs /var/log` to expand the filesystem to fill the newly available space. Unlike ext4, XFS cannot be resized while mounted with `resize2fs`; it requires the XFS-specific `xfs_growfs` command, which can operate on a mounted filesystem.

Answer

Run resize2fs /dev/mapper/vg_log-lv_var_log

Answer

Reboot the system to remount the filesystem

Answer

Run fsck /dev/mapper/vg_log-lv_var_log

Question 15

Refer to the exhibit. A storage administrator needs to create a new filesystem of size 1.5 GiB on the available free space in volume group vg_data. Which command should be used?

Accepted Answer

lvcreate -L 1.5G -n lv_new vg_data. The volume group vg_data has 1.99 GiB free space. To create a 1.5 GiB logical volume, use lvcreate with -L 1.5G -n lv_new vg_data. The -L option specifies size, -n specifies name.

Answer

lvcreate -l 1.5G -n lv_new vg_data

Answer

lvcreate --size 1.5G --name lv_new vg_data

Answer

lvcreate -L 1500M -n lv_new vg_data