EX200 Practice Test 21 — 15 Questions

Question 1

Which TWO of the following are valid examples of using redirection and pipes in bash to append the output of a command to a file while also displaying it on the terminal? (Choose exactly two.)

Accepted Answer

command | tee -a file. `tee -a file` reads from stdin and writes both to stdout and appends to the named file. The pipe `|` sends the stdout of `command` to `tee`, so the output is displayed on the terminal and appended to `file`. The `-a` flag ensures append mode, not overwrite.

Answer

command 2>&1 | tee file

Answer

command > file

Answer

command >> file

Question 2

A system administrator needs to find all files in /var/log that have been modified in the last 2 hours. Which command should be used?

Accepted Answer

find /var/log -mmin -120. The `find` command with `-mmin -120` searches for files whose data was modified (changed content) within the last 120 minutes. This directly matches the requirement to find files modified in the last 2 hours in /var/log.

Answer

find /var/log -amin -120

Answer

find /var/log -mtime -0.08

Answer

find /var/log -cmin -120

Question 3

Which TWO of the following are valid mount options for enabling quotas on an ext4 file system?

Accepted Answer

grpquota. `grpquota` is a valid mount option for enabling group quotas on an ext4 file system. Option E is correct because `usrquota` is the valid mount option for enabling user quotas. Both options are recognized by the `mount` command and the ext4 driver to activate quota tracking at mount time.

Answer

quota

Answer

userquota

Answer

noquota

Question 4

An administrator wants to temporarily disable the firewalld service for troubleshooting. Which command will stop the service and prevent it from starting on subsequent boots?

Accepted Answer

systemctl disable --now firewalld. `systemctl disable --now firewalld` both stops the service immediately (via `--now`) and disables it from starting automatically on subsequent boots. This meets the requirement of temporarily disabling the service for troubleshooting while preventing it from starting after reboot.

Answer

systemctl stop --now firewalld

Answer

systemctl mask firewalld

Answer

systemctl stop firewalld

Answer

systemctl disable firewalld

Question 5

Which TWO commands can be used to view the kernel ring buffer?

Accepted Answer

dmesg. The kernel ring buffer stores kernel-related messages, such as hardware driver and boot messages. The `dmesg` command is specifically designed to print or control this buffer, making it a direct and correct tool for viewing kernel ring buffer messages.

Answer

journalctl -f

Answer

cat /var/log/messages

Answer

systemctl status

Question 6

Which command checks if a user's password has expired and forces a password change at next login?

Accepted Answer

chage -d 0 username. The `chage -d 0 username` command sets the last password change date to the epoch (January 1, 1970), which forces the password to be considered expired immediately. On the next login, the system will prompt the user to change their password before granting access, as defined by the PAM (Pluggable Authentication Modules) password aging policy.

Answer

passwd -f username

Answer

usermod -L username

Answer

passwd -l username

Question 7

A system administrator needs to extend a logical volume 'lv_data' in volume group 'vg_data' by adding a new 50GB disk. Which sequence of commands should be used (assuming the filesystem is XFS)?

Accepted Answer

pvcreate, vgextend, lvextend, xfs_growfs. The proper sequence to extend an XFS logical volume is: first, initialize the new disk as a physical volume with `pvcreate`; second, add it to the volume group with `vgextend`; third, extend the logical volume with `lvextend`; and finally, grow the XFS filesystem with `xfs_growfs`. XFS does not support shrinking and requires `xfs_growfs` (not `resize2fs`) for online growth.

Answer

pvcreate, vgextend, lvextend, resize2fs

Answer

vgextend, lvcreate, pvcreate, xfs_growfs

Answer

vgextend, pvcreate, lvextend, xfs_growfs

Answer

pvcreate, lvextend, vgextend, fsck

Question 8

An administrator is building a container image with a Containerfile. They want to ensure that a specific RUN command always executes without using the build cache. Which build option should they use?

Accepted Answer

--no-cache. The `--no-cache` build option instructs Podman or Docker to rebuild every layer from scratch, ignoring any cached intermediate layers. This ensures that the specific RUN command always executes fresh, which is essential when the command's outcome depends on dynamic external data or must not reuse stale cached results.

Answer

--layers=false

Answer

--squash

Answer

--force-rm

Question 9

Which TWO options correctly describe the use of 'podman exec'? (Choose TWO.)

Accepted Answer

podman exec ls / runs the ls command inside the running container.. `podman exec ls /` executes the `ls /` command directly inside the specified running container, using the container's filesystem and environment. This is the primary purpose of `podman exec`: to run a new process in an already running container without creating a new container.

Answer

podman exec -it <container> /bin/bash attaches to an existing shell process.

Answer

podman exec can start a stopped container.

Answer

podman exec -it <container> /bin/bash runs an interactive shell in a new container.

Question 10

A container is running but cannot be accessed from the network. Which TWO commands could help diagnose the issue? (Select exactly two.)

Accepted Answer

podman port. `podman port` lists the port mappings for a container, showing which host ports are mapped to container ports. If a container is running but unreachable from the network, this command reveals whether the expected port mapping exists and is correctly configured. Without a proper mapping, external traffic cannot reach the container's service.

Answer

podman logs

Answer

podman exec

Answer

podman top

Question 11

Which command creates an XFS filesystem on /dev/nvme0n1p1 and sets the label to 'data'?

Accepted Answer

mkfs.xfs -L data /dev/nvme0n1p1. The `-L` flag in `mkfs.xfs` is used to set the filesystem label. The command `mkfs.xfs -L data /dev/nvme0n1p1` creates an XFS filesystem on the specified partition and assigns it the label 'data'.

Answer

mkfs.xfs -l data /dev/nvme0n1p1

Answer

mkfs.xfs -f /dev/nvme0n1p1

Answer

mkfs.xfs -n data /dev/nvme0n1p1

Question 12

An administrator is configuring a new filesystem for a database server that requires high performance and reliability. Which two features should be considered when choosing between ext4 and XFS? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

XFS is optimized for parallel I/O. B is correct because XFS is designed for high-performance, parallel I/O workloads, using allocation groups that allow concurrent operations, making it ideal for database servers. E is correct because XFS employs checksums in its metadata (since RHEL 7) and self-healing capabilities via the reflink feature, providing robust integrity against corruption.

Answer

Ext4 supports larger files than XFS

Answer

Ext4 has better online resizing capabilities

Answer

Ext4 supports subvolume snapshots

Question 13

A system administrator needs to create a point-in-time backup of a logical volume 'lv_home' that is currently mounted. Which LVM feature should be used?

Accepted Answer

lvcreate -s. The 'lvcreate -s' command creates a snapshot of a logical volume, which provides a point-in-time backup without unmounting the volume. Snapshots are a native LVM feature that allow consistent backups of mounted filesystems by capturing the state of the logical volume at the moment the snapshot is created.

Answer

lvreduce

Answer

lvchange

Answer

lvextend

Answer

pvmove

Question 14

Which TWO statements about Logical Volume Manager (LVM) metadata are correct?

Accepted Answer

The 'pvck' command can be used to check physical volume metadata.. The 'pvck' command is specifically designed to check the metadata of physical volumes in LVM. It verifies the consistency and integrity of the PV metadata, including the volume group descriptor area (VGDA), without making changes. This is a diagnostic tool used before attempting repairs.

Answer

The 'pvs' command can repair corrupted metadata.

Answer

The 'fsck' tool is used to verify LVM metadata.

Answer

LVM metadata is stored in /etc/lvm directory.

Question 15

Which THREE filesystem types are natively supported in RHEL 8/9 for local storage? (Choose exactly three.)

Accepted Answer

vfat. A is correct because vfat (FAT32) is natively supported in RHEL 8/9 for local storage, primarily for compatibility with UEFI boot partitions and removable media. The kernel includes the vfat module, and mkfs.vfat is available from the dosfstools package, allowing creation and mounting of FAT32 filesystems without additional software.

Answer

ntfs

Answer

btrfs