1Z0-997-26 High Availability And Disaster Recovery — 15 Questions

Question 1

Which THREE features are provided by Oracle Data Guard in OCI when configuring high availability and disaster recovery for database systems? (Choose three.)

Accepted Answer

Automatic synchronization of redo data from primary to standby databases. Data Guard provides role transitions (switchover/failover), Active Data Guard read-only offloading, and redo transport lag management.

Answer

Automatic provisioning of VCN remote peering connections across regions

Question 2

You are deploying OCI Full Stack Disaster Recovery (FSDR) to orchestrate a cross-region DR plan for a multi-tier application stack. Which component acts as the primary grouping mechanism for all application assets (databases, compute, load balancers) within a compartment?

Accepted Answer

Disaster Recovery Protection Group (DR Protection Group). In OCI Full Stack Disaster Recovery, a Protection Group is created in each region to group the resources that need to be protected and recovered together.

Answer

Backup Policy Group

Answer

OCI IAM Dynamic Group

Answer

Load Balancer Backend Set Group

Question 3

An enterprise application uses an Oracle Exadata Database Service on Dedicated Infrastructure with Maximum Availability Architecture (MAA). A catastrophic regional disaster occurs, and you must initiate a failover to the standby region. What is the expected behavior of Active Data Guard during this process?

Accepted Answer

The standby database converts to the primary role, opens for read/write operations, and stops applying redo from the old primary.. During a failover, the standby database is transitioned to become the primary role, opening for read/write traffic while breaking the replication relationship with the former primary.

Answer

The standby database automatically initiates a flashback database operation to sync with object storage backups before opening.

Answer

Active Data Guard remains in read-only mode until a manual database restore command is issued.

Answer

The database becomes inaccessible until Full Stack Disaster Recovery automatically reprovisions the storage cells.

Question 4

You are managing an Oracle Base Database Service instance and need to configure Data Guard to provide disaster recovery in another OCI region. Which prerequisite must be met before creating the Data Guard association?

Accepted Answer

Establish network connectivity between the primary and standby VCNs using a DRG and remote VCN peering.. Cross-region Data Guard requires remote VCN peering via a Dynamic Routing Gateway (DRG) or local peering if regional, and proper security list/NSG rules allowing traffic on ports such as 1521.

Answer

Ensure the standby database has a larger shape than the primary database.

Answer

Manually install the Oracle Data Guard binaries on the standby database compute instance prior to association.

Answer

Convert the primary database to an Autonomous Database instance.

Question 5

Your company requires automated daily backups of block volumes attached to critical production compute instances in OCI. Which OCI service feature should you configure?

Accepted Answer

OCI Volume Backup Policies attached to the block volumes.. Volume Groups and Volume Group Backups or Backup Policies allow you to automate backups across multiple block volumes with defined retention schedules.

Answer

Custom Oracle Autonomous Linux scripts cron-scheduled to push to Object Storage.

Answer

OCI File Storage service snapshot schedules.

Answer

OCI Block Volume Vaults with automated cross-region replication policies.

Question 6

When configuring an OCI Network Load Balancer (NLB) for high availability across availability domains, what is a key architectural characteristic of the NLB service?

Accepted Answer

It is a regional service that automatically provisions endpoints across availability domains.. OCI Network Load Balancer is a regional service that operates at layer 4 (TCP/UDP/ICMP) and provisions load balancer ENIs across multiple ADs for high availability.

Answer

It requires manual setup of keepalived and IP failover scripts on backend compute instances.

Answer

It terminates SSL/TLS connections before forwarding traffic to backend servers.

Answer

It can only route HTTP and HTTPS traffic.

Question 7

You are designing a disaster recovery strategy for an Oracle Autonomous Database (Serverless) instance. You need to ensure the database can failover to a remote region with minimal RPO. Which feature should you configure?

Accepted Answer

Cross-Region Autonomous Data Guard. Autonomous Database supports cross-region Data Guard / Autonomous Data Guard, allowing you to configure a remote standby database with automatic failover capabilities.

Answer

OCI Block Volume cross-region replication

Answer

Manual RMAN incremental backups copied to Object Storage in the remote region

Answer

Database Express Export/Import scheduled via cron

Question 8

An architect is evaluating RTO and RPO requirements for an Oracle Exadata Database Service in OCI. The business demands an RPO of zero and an RTO of less than two minutes. Which configuration meets this requirement?

Accepted Answer

Maximum Availability mode with synchronous redo transport and Fast-Start Failover (FSFO) enabled.. Maximum Availability (Maximum Availability Architecture - MAA) mode with synchronous transport provides zero data loss (RPO = 0) and fast automatic failover via Fast-Start Failover (FSFO).

Answer

Active Data Guard with snapshot standby mode and automated cron-based switchovers.

Answer

Maximum Performance mode with asynchronous redo transport and a Data Guard Observer.

Answer

Maximum Protection mode with asynchronous redo transport and manual failover scripts.

Question 9

An Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) architect is designing a high-availability web tier across multiple Availability Domains (ADs) within a single region. Which component should be used to distribute incoming client traffic evenly across web server instances residing in different ADs?

Accepted Answer

An OCI Public Load Balancer configured with backend sets spanning multiple ADs.. An OCI Public Load Balancer is regional, meaning it spans all ADs in a region and can distribute traffic across backend servers located in different ADs, ensuring high availability.

Answer

An OCI Dynamic Routing Gateway (DRG) configured with equal-cost multi-path routing.

Answer

A Network Load Balancer restricted to a single Availability Domain subnet.

Answer

A primary Local Peering Gateway (LPG) connected to multiple VCNs.

Question 10

You are planning the backup retention strategy for critical Oracle Base Database Service instances in OCI. You want to retain weekly backups for 12 months and daily backups for 30 days. Where are these automated backups stored by default?

Accepted Answer

In an Oracle-managed Object Storage bucket inaccessible to direct user manipulation.. Automated database backups in OCI Base Database Service are stored securely in Oracle-managed Object Storage buckets that are isolated from the customer tenancy storage.

Answer

In an OCI File Storage Service (FSS) mount target.

Answer

In a customer-managed Block Volume attached to the database compute instance.

Answer

In local temporary NVMe drives on the database node.

Question 11

An application deployed across two OCI regions uses a DNS-based traffic management steering policy. A database failure occurs in the primary region, and the application must failover to the secondary region. What is the primary limitation of relying solely on DNS Traffic Management for disaster recovery failover?

Accepted Answer

Client-side caching and DNS TTL expiration delays can cause continued traffic routing to the failed region.. DNS failover relies on TTL (Time to Live) values, which can cause clients to continue sending traffic to the failed primary region until the TTL expires, leading to a delay in RTO.

Answer

DNS steering policies cannot route traffic across different geographic regions.

Answer

DNS records are permanently immutable once created in OCI.

Answer

DNS routing requires public IP addresses to be configured on the database backends.

Question 12

Your organization has a strict Recovery Point Objective (RPO) of 5 minutes and Recovery Time Objective (RTO) of 15 minutes for a multi-tier application. The database tier uses Oracle Data Guard. During a test drill, you notice that redo transport lag spikes to 8 minutes. What is the most likely architectural bottleneck causing this issue?

Accepted Answer

Inadequate cross-region network bandwidth or high latency causing redo transport congestion.. Redo transport lag exceeding RPO is frequently caused by insufficient network bandwidth or high latency between regions, preventing synchronous or fast asynchronous redo shipping from keeping pace with transaction volume.

Answer

Exceeded OCI Block Volume IOPS limits on the standby database's local NVMe scratchpad.

Answer

Misconfigured OCI IAM policy allowing read-only access to database backups.

Answer

Incorrect OCI Load Balancer SSL certificate configuration on the web tier.

Question 13

When designing high availability across multiple Availability Domains in an OCI region, how should database or application subnets be configured to ensure fault tolerance?

Accepted Answer

Create regional subnets so that instances can be placed across multiple Availability Domains.. Subnets in OCI can be regional or AD-specific. For high availability across ADs, architects should deploy regional subnets or span instances across multiple AD-specific subnets.

Answer

Restrict all subnets to a single Availability Domain to prevent cross-AD latency.

Answer

Disable security lists on subnets to allow uninterrupted cross-AD replication traffic.

Answer

Attach all VNICs directly to the Dynamic Routing Gateway without using subnets.

Question 14

An architect is configuring an OCI Full Stack Disaster Recovery plan. The plan includes a step to run a custom script on an application server during a failover drill. Which OCI service executes this custom script?

Accepted Answer

OCI Functions or OCI Compute instance run-command actions orchestrated by Full Stack DR.. OCI Full Stack Disaster Recovery integrates with OCI Functions or custom scripts executed via instance agent / run command to perform pre-checks and custom automation steps.

Answer

Oracle Autonomous Linux Auto-Update Daemon

Answer

OCI Resource Manager Terraform apply jobs exclusively

Answer

OCI Streaming Service consumer groups

Question 15

An application running on OCI compute instances requires disaster recovery protection. You want to replicate boot volumes and block volumes to a secondary region. Which OCI Block Volume feature facilitates this?

Accepted Answer

Asynchronous cross-region block volume replication. OCI Block Volume provides asynchronous cross-region volume replication for both boot and block volumes, enabling disaster recovery without manual backup-and-restore steps.

Answer

OCI File Storage cross-mount replication policies

Answer

Manual Object Storage export of raw volume blocks using dd commands

Answer

Real-time synchronous block volume mirroring via software RAID