Term 451
Security group
A security group is a virtual firewall that controls inbound and outbound traffic to AWS resources, such as EC2 instances, based on defined rules.
Acronym study
Terms 451–480 of 595 Google PCA acronyms and key terms. Each entry includes a plain-English definition and a link to the full 800-word glossary page with exam context and practice questions.
Term 451
A security group is a virtual firewall that controls inbound and outbound traffic to AWS resources, such as EC2 instances, based on defined rules.
Term 452
The security kernel is the core, trusted part of an operating system that enforces access control and security policies for all system operations.
Term 453
A security model is a formal framework that defines how subjects (users, processes) can access objects (files, resources) based on rules, ensuring confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
Term 454
A segment is a division of a larger network, such as a collision domain, broadcast domain, or a portion of a TCP data stream, used to organize traffic and improve performance.
Term 455
Semi-structured data is information that has some organizational tags or markers but does not fit into a strict table format like a spreadsheet row and column.
Term 456
A serial console is a direct, low-level connection to a computer or network device that uses a serial port to let you send commands and receive text output, often for initial setup or emergency troubleshooting.
Term 457
Serverless architecture is a cloud computing model where the cloud provider automatically manages the infrastructure, allowing developers to build and run applications without thinking about servers.
Term 458
A service is a software component or system that performs a specific function and is available to be used by other programs or users over a network.
Term 459
A service account is a special type of account used by an application or a virtual machine, rather than a human user, to authenticate and interact with cloud services and APIs securely.
Term 460
A service account key is a credential file used to authenticate and authorize a non-human user, like an application or a virtual machine, to access Google Cloud resources.
Term 461
A service endpoint is a specific network address (URL or IP/port) that client applications use to access the functionality or data of a cloud or web service.
Term 462
A Service Set Identifier (SSID) is the public name of a Wi-Fi network that devices use to identify and connect to it.
Term 463
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is a signaling protocol used to start, maintain, and end voice and video calls over IP networks.
Term 464
SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol) is a secure method for transferring files over a network using an encrypted SSH connection.
Term 465
A Shared VPC allows multiple projects or accounts within a cloud environment to use the same Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) network, enabling centralized management and isolation of resources.
Term 466
A shield in IT networking is a conductive layer around a cable or device that blocks electromagnetic interference to protect signal integrity.
Term 467
Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) is a type of copper cabling that uses a metallic shield around twisted wire pairs to reduce electromagnetic interference and protect data signals.
Term 468
A Shielded VM is a Google Cloud virtual machine with enhanced security features that protect against rootkits and boot-level malware by verifying the integrity of the boot process and firmware.
Term 469
A side-channel attack is a type of security exploit that gathers information from a system by observing its physical or secondary outputs—such as timing, power consumption, or electromagnetic emissions—rather than directly attacking the software or cryptographic algorithm.
Term 470
SIEM (Security Information and Event Management) is a system that collects and analyzes log data from across an IT environment to detect and respond to security threats in real time.
Term 471
A Signed URL is a time-limited, authenticated web link that grants temporary access to a private resource without requiring the user to log in.
Term 472
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is the standard internet protocol used for sending and relaying email messages from a client to a server or between servers.
Term 473
A Service Level Agreement (SLA) is a contract between a service provider and a customer that defines the level of service expected, including metrics like uptime, response time, and penalties for non-compliance.
Term 474
An SLI (Service Level Indicator) is a carefully chosen metric that measures one specific aspect of a service's performance, such as request latency or error rate, to help determine whether the service is meeting its reliability goals.
Term 475
A Service Level Objective is a measurable target for a specific aspect of a service's performance or reliability that a team commits to meeting over a defined period.
Term 476
A Small Form-factor Pluggable (SFP) is a compact, hot-swappable transceiver module used to connect networking devices to fiber optic or copper cables, converting electrical signals into light signals for data transmission.
Term 477
SMB (Server Message Block) is a network protocol used primarily for sharing files, printers, and other resources between computers over a local network.
Term 478
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is the standard internet protocol used to send emails from a client to a server or between email servers.
Term 479
A snapshot is a point-in-time copy of a system's data or state, used for backup, recovery, or testing without disrupting the original.
Term 480
A network protocol used to collect and organize information about managed devices on IP networks and to modify that information to change device behavior.