Be able to write cost-aware BigQuery SQL, apply partitioning and clustering correctly, query nested fields, and tune Looker Studio data sources. The single most important thing: always minimize bytes scanned and rows returned before optimizing anything else.
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Domain overview
This domain covers turning processed data into insight on Google Cloud: querying with BigQuery SQL, controlling cost through partitioning, clustering, and pruning, handling nested and semi-structured data, and building dashboards in Looker Studio. Questions are scenario-based, asking you to pick the most cost-effective or performant option among realistic alternatives.
Exam objectives
Writing BigQuery SQL that selects only needed columns and filters on partition or clustering keys
Choosing partitioning, clustering, and query settings to reduce bytes billed for large scans
Accessing nested and repeated fields with dot notation, UNNEST, and STRUCT types
Improving Looker Studio performance using BigQuery extracts, aggregated tables, and caching
Assuming SELECT * is cheap; BigQuery bills by bytes scanned, so wide column reads inflate cost even with row filters.
Forgetting that partition pruning requires filtering directly on the partitioning column, not a derived or wrapped expression.
Trying to fix slow Looker Studio reports by changing chart types instead of reducing the data the query returns.
Click any question to see the full explanation and answer options, or start a focused practice session above.
You are building a Looker dashboard and need to calculate the year-over-year growth rate. Which feature should you use to perform this without modifying the underlying SQL?
2You are analyzing query performance in BigQuery. You notice that your queries are spilling to disk. What is the most likely cause?
3You are identifying trends in a large dataset using BigQuery. Which SQL function is best suited to identify the top 5 products sold per region?
4A marketing manager needs to see daily sales trends in Looker. The underlying data is in BigQuery and is updated every 6 hours. What is the best way to visualize this?
5You are using Vertex AI Workbench and want to ensure your notebook environment persists after the instance is stopped. Where should you save your work?
6You need to analyze a petabyte-scale dataset in BigQuery. To optimize cost, you must ensure that users only query relevant partitions. How should you enforce this?
7A user needs to see the distribution of values in a column in BigQuery. Which visualization approach is most effective for this?
8You are developing a dashboard in Looker. You notice that the 'Explore' menu is missing a specific set of fields. What should you check in the LookML model?
9In BigQuery, you want to improve query performance for a table that is frequently filtered by a `customer_id` column. What is the recommended strategy?
10When creating a Looker visualization, which chart type is best for showing the relationship between two numerical variables?
11You have a dashboard in Looker Studio and you want to allow users to dynamically change the date range without editing the report. What should you add?
12A user is running a query on a BigQuery table with nested data (JSON). How do you access a field named 'city' inside a record field named 'address'?
13You are working in a Vertex AI Workbench notebook and want to list the files in your current working directory. What command should you run?
14A BigQuery table has 10 billion rows. You notice a query performing a cross-join is timing out. What should you do?
15When designing a Looker dashboard, you need to display a value that is the average of a specific metric across the entire dashboard. What is the best method?
16You have a Looker dashboard that loads slowly. What is the first thing you should check in the 'Looker System Activity' or 'Query History'?
17You need to perform a time-series analysis in BigQuery. Your data contains timestamps at a millisecond level, but you need to aggregate by hour. What is the most performant way to truncate the timestamp?
18In BigQuery, what does the 'Data Preview' tab show?
19Which service is the primary tool for managing and running Jupyter notebooks in a managed environment within Google Cloud?
20When reviewing a Looker dashboard, which icon do you click to reload the data?
21In Looker, what is the impact of defining a 'primary_key' in a LookML view?
22You are using Vertex AI Workbench. You want to install a new Python library, `seaborn`, for visualization. What is the correct way to install it in the notebook instance?
23You want to share a BigQuery dataset with a partner who uses a different Google Cloud project. What is the most secure way to grant them access?
24You need to export query results from BigQuery to a Google Sheet. What is the easiest way to do this?
25You have a query that processes 500GB of data. You want to reduce the cost of this query. What is the most effective approach?
26A data analyst is working in a Vertex AI Workbench notebook. They want to connect to a private BigQuery dataset. How should they authenticate?
27You are creating a Looker report with a 'measure' that calculates the total revenue. You notice it is summing correctly but the format is wrong. Where do you change the format?
28Which BigQuery feature allows you to monitor query usage and identify expensive queries?
29Which TWO of the following are valid ways to visualize BigQuery data within the Google Cloud ecosystem?
30You are building a Looker model and want to create a measure that calculates the count of distinct customers. Which type of measure should you use?
31You are querying a dataset in BigQuery that uses partitioning. Your query doesn't use the partitioning column. What is the consequence?
32Which TWO actions can help reduce the time it takes to build a Jupyter notebook in Vertex AI Workbench?
33Which THREE items can be added to a Looker Studio report to enhance interactivity?
34Which THREE features does Looker offer to support data governance?
35Which THREE of these are valid ways to monitor or analyze BigQuery performance?
36What is the primary function of a Looker Explore?
37Which of the following describes the purpose of 'BigQuery ML'?
38You have a large table in BigQuery that is updated constantly. You need to perform a query that is consistent. What should you use?
39What is the benefit of using 'Scheduled Reports' in Looker?
40You notice your Looker dashboard is showing duplicate data. What is the most likely cause?
41When creating a dashboard in Looker Studio, which connector type allows you to connect to an arbitrary SQL query?
42You are writing a complex BigQuery query and need to define a temporary table to use later in the same query. What is the most efficient syntax?
43You have a Looker Studio report connected to a BigQuery table that contains millions of rows. The report takes a long time to load and often times out. You need to improve performance without changing the underlying data. What should you do?
44A data analyst needs to create a Looker Studio report that shows sales data filtered by region. The report must allow users to select one or more regions from a drop-down menu, and the selection should update all charts on the page. Which control should be added to the report?
45You need to create a visualization in Looker Studio that shows the proportion of total sales by product category. Which chart type is most appropriate?
46You are building a Looker Studio report and need to display a calculated field that shows the profit margin as a percentage. The data source contains fields for revenue and cost. Which expression should you use for the calculated field?
47Your team stores customer feedback in a BigQuery table with a column `feedback_text`. You need to count how many times each of the words 'fast', 'slow', and 'broken' appears across all feedback rows. You want to run this as a single SQL query in BigQuery. Which approach should you use?
48You are creating a Looker Studio report that must allow users to interactively explore sales data. The report should include controls that let users filter data by product category and date range. Which two controls should you add? (Choose two.)
49A data analyst has a BigQuery table named `sales` with columns `order_date` (DATE), `product_id` (STRING), and `revenue` (NUMERIC). They need to create a report that shows total revenue per product for the last 30 days, but only for products that generated more than $10,000 in that period. They want the result sorted by revenue descending. Which SQL query should they use?
50A data analyst is building a Looker Studio report connected to a BigQuery table. The report needs to display data for the last 30 days, but the underlying table is updated daily at midnight. Which approach ensures the report always shows the most recent 30 days without manual intervention?
51A data engineer is building a Looker Studio report connected to a BigQuery table. The report must allow viewers to dynamically change the date range and filter data by region without editing the report. The engineer wants to add interactive controls. Which two components should be added to the report to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)
52A data engineer needs to create a visualization in Looker Studio that shows the relationship between advertising spend and revenue for each marketing campaign. They want to quickly identify which campaigns have high spend but low revenue. Which chart type is most appropriate?
53A data analyst is working in BigQuery and needs to create a visualization that shows the relationship between advertising spend and revenue for each day over the past month. The data is in a table with columns `date`, `ad_spend`, and `revenue`. They want to quickly identify if there is a correlation. Which type of chart should they use in Looker Studio?
54A retail analytics team stores transaction data in a BigQuery table named `sales.transactions` with columns `order_id`, `customer_id`, `order_ts`, and `amount`. A Looker Studio report uses this table as its data source. The team wants every report viewer to see only rows where `amount` is greater than 0, without modifying the underlying BigQuery table. Where should they enforce this filter so it applies to the entire report regardless of which chart a viewer interacts with?
55You are analyzing a BigQuery table of e-commerce orders and want to identify the top 5 product categories by total revenue for each month in 2024. You need to produce a result set with columns `order_month`, `category`, and `total_revenue`. Which SQL technique should you use?
56A data analyst is using Looker Studio to create a dashboard for a sales team. They want to enable users to interact with the data and explore different dimensions without leaving the dashboard. Which two features should they add to the report? (Choose two.)
57A retail analytics team stores point-of-sale transactions in a BigQuery table named `sales.transactions` that is partitioned by a DATE column called `transaction_date`. An analyst must produce a report showing only the transactions from the previous calendar month, and the report will be refreshed on the first day of every month. Which query pattern most efficiently retrieves the required data while minimizing bytes processed?
58You are building a Looker Studio report connected to a BigQuery table that contains billions of rows. The report includes several charts and filters. Users report that the report is slow to load and that changing a filter takes a long time. Which TWO actions should you take to improve performance? (Choose two.)
59A data analyst has a Looker Studio report connected to a BigQuery table containing millions of rows. The report includes a table chart that shows aggregated sales by product category. Users complain that the report takes a long time to load. Which action should the analyst take to improve performance without changing the report's layout?
60A financial analyst needs a Looker Studio report that displays the same revenue chart but filtered by a different region on each of four pages, without duplicating the underlying BigQuery data source. The report currently uses one chart that reads from a BigQuery view. What should the analyst do to reuse the chart across pages with different region filters?
61You have a Looker Studio report that uses a BigQuery data source. You need to add a chart that shows the total number of orders per day for the last 30 days. The date field is named `order_date`. Which chart type and dimension setup should you use?
62A junior analyst has written a BigQuery SQL statement that joins an orders table to a customers table and then aggregates total spend per customer. Before running it against production data, the analyst wants to confirm the query is syntactically valid and to see estimated bytes processed without incurring charges for scanning the full tables. What should the analyst do?
63A data analyst is using BigQuery ML to create a linear regression model to predict customer lifetime value based on historical data. After training the model, they want to evaluate its performance. Which BigQuery ML function should they use to get evaluation metrics such as R-squared and mean absolute error?
64A team wants to display a BigQuery query result inside a Google Sheets spreadsheet so non-technical staff can view the latest figures. The data must refresh automatically each morning without anyone opening the sheet and clicking a refresh button. What should the team configure?
65A product team uses Looker Studio to visualize metrics from a BigQuery table that is updated by an hourly ETL job. Users report that the dashboard shows data that is several hours stale even though the ETL completes successfully. The data source was configured with a custom query rather than a direct table reference. What is the most likely cause of the staleness?
66A retail analytics team runs a Looker Explore against a BigQuery table containing order line items. Analysts need a single visual that shows the average order value per country, but the underlying table stores one row per line item, so multiple rows share the same order_id. Which approach produces a correct average order value per country?
67A data analyst must present BigQuery results to executives in a way that lets them explore trends by region and product without writing SQL. The team is standardizing on Google Cloud tools and wants the presentation layer to query BigQuery directly. Which two Google Cloud components should the analyst combine to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)
68You have a BigQuery table containing millions of rows of web server logs. You need to run a query that filters on a timestamp column and returns only the last 24 hours of data. The table is not partitioned. What should you do to improve query performance and reduce cost for this and future similar queries?
69A data practitioner is building a Looker Studio report connected to a BigQuery table that contains millions of rows. The report currently returns an error indicating the query result exceeds the row limit, and stakeholders also complain that the charts take too long to render. Which two actions should the practitioner take to address these issues? (Choose two.)
70An analyst has a BigQuery table `events.clicks` with columns `event_ts`, `country`, and `clicks`. They want a Looker Studio time series that shows a rolling 7-day average of clicks per country, updating as new data lands. The analyst wants the rolling calculation to happen in the database rather than in the visualization. What is the most appropriate approach?
71An analyst has a BigQuery table of website events partitioned by event_date. A stakeholder asks for a quick chart of daily active users for the last 30 days, and cost must stay minimal. Which query pattern best satisfies this request?
72A financial analyst needs a Looker dashboard tile that shows month-over-month revenue growth as a percentage. The underlying BigQuery table stores completed transactions, and the analyst wants the tile to update without manual intervention each month. Which approach should the analyst use in Looker?
73A team maintains a Looker dashboard fed by a BigQuery table that receives streaming inserts throughout the day. Users report that totals on the dashboard sometimes disagree with a report generated directly in BigQuery a few minutes later. What is the most likely explanation for the discrepancy?
74A data team is building a BigQuery ML model to predict customer churn directly from a BigQuery table. They want to evaluate the model's quality and understand which input features influenced its predictions. Which two BigQuery ML capabilities should they use to accomplish these goals? (Choose two.)
75You are designing a Looker Studio report for a sales team. The report must allow users to filter data by region and product category, and also drill down from country to city. Which two features should you implement to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)
76A data team stores raw event data in a BigQuery table called `events` with columns `event_time` (TIMESTAMP), `user_id` (STRING), and `event_type` (STRING). The table is partitioned by DATE(event_time). Analysts frequently run queries that filter on `event_type` and also restrict `event_time` to the last 7 days. These queries scan the entire 7-day partition range, causing higher-than-expected costs. The team wants to reduce bytes scanned without changing the table's partitioning scheme. What should they do?
Be able to write cost-aware BigQuery SQL, apply partitioning and clustering correctly, query nested fields, and tune Looker Studio data sources. The single most important thing: always minimize bytes scanned and rows returned before optimizing anything else.
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