Python for Network Automation

A network engineer writes the following Python script using Netmiko to configure a Cisco IOS-XE device:

```python

from netmiko import ConnectHandler

device = { 'device_type': 'cisco_ios', 'ip': '192.168.1.1', 'username': 'admin', 'password': 'cisco123',

}

connection = ConnectHandler(**device) output = connection.send_command('show ip interface brief')

print(output)

connection.disconnect() ```

What is the primary issue with this script?

A network engineer uses NAPALM to retrieve the ARP table from a Cisco IOS-XE device:

```python

from napalm import get_network_driver

driver = get_network_driver('ios') device = driver('192.168.1.1', 'admin', 'cisco123') device.open() arp_table = device.get_arp_table()

print(arp_table)

device.close() ```

What is the expected data type of arp_table?

A network engineer writes an Ansible playbook to configure a VLAN on a Cisco Nexus switch:

```yaml --- - name: Configure VLAN hosts: nxos_switches gather_facts: no tasks: - name: Create VLAN 100 cisco.nxos.nxos_vlan: vlan_id: 100 name: test_vlan state: present ```

What is a potential issue with this playbook?

A network engineer uses the Requests library to query a Cisco IOS-XE device via RESTCONF for interface statistics:

```python

import requests
from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth

url = 'https://192.168.1.1/restconf/data/Cisco-IOS-XE-interfaces-oper:interfaces/interface=GigabitEthernet1/statistics' headers = {'Accept': 'application/yang-data+json'} auth = HTTPBasicAuth('admin', 'cisco123') response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, auth=auth, verify=False)

print(response.json())

```

What is the most likely issue with this code?

A network engineer uses the Cisco DNA Center REST API to retrieve the list of devices. The API returns the following JSON:

```json

{
  "response": [
    {
      "id": "12345678-1234-1234-1234-123456789abc",
      "managementIpAddress": "192.168.1.1",
      "hostname": "Router1",
      "platformId": "ISR4331",
      "role": "ACCESS",
      "series": "ISR4300 Series"
    }
  ],
  "version": "1.0"
}

```

The engineer writes the following Python code to extract the hostname of the first device:

```python

import requests

url = 'https://dna-center.local/dna/intent/api/v1/network-device' headers = {'X-Auth-Token': 'valid_token', 'Accept': 'application/json'} response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, verify=False) data = response.json()

hostname = data['response'][0]['hostname']
print(hostname)

```

What is a potential issue with this code?

A network engineer configures model-driven telemetry on a Cisco IOS-XE device using gRPC dial-out. The subscription configuration snippet is:

``` telemetry ietf subscription 100 encoding encode-kvgpb filter xpath /interfaces/interface/statistics stream yang-push update-policy periodic 500 receiver ip address 10.1.1.1 50001 protocol grpc-tcp ```

What is the primary issue with this configuration?

A network engineer writes a Python script using Paramiko to execute a command on a Cisco IOS device:

```python

import paramiko

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient() ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) ssh.connect('192.168.1.1', username='admin', password='cisco123') stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('show version') output = stdout.read().decode()

print(output)

ssh.close() ```

What is a potential issue with this approach?

A network engineer uses the Requests library to send a RESTCONF PATCH request to modify the hostname of a Cisco IOS-XE device:

```python

import requests
from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth

url = 'https://192.168.1.1/restconf/data/Cisco-IOS-XE-native:native/hostname' headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/yang-data+json'} auth = HTTPBasicAuth('admin', 'cisco123') payload = { 'Cisco-IOS-XE-native:hostname': 'NewRouter'

}

response = requests.patch(url, json=payload, headers=headers, auth=auth, verify=False)

print(response.status_code)

```

What is the expected HTTP status code if the request is successful?

A network engineer writes an Ansible playbook to gather facts from a Cisco IOS device using the ios_facts module:

```yaml --- - name: Gather IOS Facts hosts: ios_devices gather_facts: no tasks: - name: Collect facts cisco.ios.ios_facts: gather_subset: - hardware register: device_facts

- name: Show serial number debug: msg: "Serial number is {{ device_facts['ansible_facts']['ansible_net_serialnum'] }}" ```

What is a potential issue with this playbook?

Examine the following Python script snippet that uses netmiko to configure a Cisco IOS-XE device:

```python

from netmiko import ConnectHandler

device = { 'device_type': 'cisco_ios', 'ip': '192.168.1.1', 'username': 'admin', 'password': 'cisco',

}

connection = ConnectHandler(**device) output = connection.send_command('show ip interface brief')

print(output)

connection.disconnect() ```

What is the primary purpose of this script?

Consider the following Python script using the requests library to interact with a Cisco IOS-XE device via RESTCONF:

```python

import requests
from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth

url = 'https://192.168.1.1/restconf/data/Cisco-IOS-XE-native:native/interface/GigabitEthernet=1/0/1' headers = { 'Accept': 'application/yang-data+json', 'Content-Type': 'application/yang-data+json'

}

auth = HTTPBasicAuth('admin', 'cisco')

response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, auth=auth, verify=False)

print(response.json())

```

What is the script attempting to do?

Examine this Python script that uses the napalm library to manage a Cisco IOS-XE device:

```python

from napalm import get_network_driver

driver = get_network_driver('ios') device = driver('192.168.1.1', 'admin', 'cisco') device.open()

print(device.get_facts())

device.close() ```

What is the output of this script?

Review the following Python script that uses the Cisco IOS-XE RESTCONF API to modify an interface:

```python

import requests
from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth

url = 'https://192.168.1.1/restconf/data/Cisco-IOS-XE-native:native/interface/GigabitEthernet=1/0/1' headers = { 'Accept': 'application/yang-data+json', 'Content-Type': 'application/yang-data+json'

}

auth = HTTPBasicAuth('admin', 'cisco')

payload = { 'Cisco-IOS-XE-native:GigabitEthernet': { 'name': '1/0/1', 'description': 'Configured via RESTCONF'

}
}

response = requests.put(url, headers=headers, auth=auth, json=payload, verify=False)

print(response.status_code)

```

What is the expected result if the script runs successfully?

Examine the following Python script that uses the netmiko library to send configuration commands to a Cisco IOS-XE device:

```python

from netmiko import ConnectHandler

device = { 'device_type': 'cisco_ios', 'ip': '192.168.1.1', 'username': 'admin', 'password': 'cisco',

}

connection = ConnectHandler(**device) config_commands = [ 'interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1', 'description Link to Core', 'ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0', 'no shutdown'

]

output = connection.send_config_set(config_commands)

print(output)

connection.disconnect() ```

What is the purpose of this script?

Consider the following Python script that uses the requests library to delete a VLAN via RESTCONF on a Cisco IOS-XE device:

```python

import requests
from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth

url = 'https://192.168.1.1/restconf/data/Cisco-IOS-XE-native:native/vlan=10' headers = { 'Accept': 'application/yang-data+json', 'Content-Type': 'application/yang-data+json'

}

auth = HTTPBasicAuth('admin', 'cisco')

response = requests.delete(url, headers=headers, auth=auth, verify=False)

print(response.status_code)

```

What is the expected outcome if the VLAN 10 exists?