CV0-004 Deployment Practice Test 5 — 15 Questions

Question 1

A DevOps team is setting up a CI/CD pipeline using GitHub Actions. They want the pipeline to automatically deploy a containerized application to a Kubernetes cluster only when changes are pushed to the main branch. Which GitHub Actions component should they use to trigger the deployment?

Accepted Answer

A workflow with an on.push trigger for the main branch. GitHub Actions workflows are defined in YAML and can include an 'on' trigger specifying events such as push to a branch. This allows automation of the deployment when code is pushed to main.

Answer

A cron job that checks the repository every hour

Answer

A GitHub webhook configured in the repository settings

Answer

A pull request review requirement

Question 2

A cloud architect is designing a serverless application on AWS Lambda. The function needs to process messages from an SQS queue. Which event trigger should be configured for the Lambda function?

Accepted Answer

SQS trigger. AWS Lambda can be triggered by SQS messages. By configuring an SQS trigger, Lambda automatically polls the queue and invokes the function with each message.

Answer

API Gateway

Answer

S3 bucket event

Answer

EventBridge rule

Question 3

A company is migrating 200 TB of archival data from on-premises storage to Amazon S3. The network bandwidth is limited to 100 Mbps. Which AWS service should be used to accelerate the transfer and reduce the migration time?

Accepted Answer

AWS Snowball. AWS Snowball is a physical device for offline data transfer. For large datasets with limited bandwidth, Snowball can transfer data faster by shipping the device, bypassing network constraints.

Answer

AWS DataSync

Answer

S3 Transfer Acceleration

Answer

AWS Direct Connect

Question 4

A team is using Kubernetes for container orchestration. They want to ensure that a new deployment does not cause downtime by gradually updating pods with a rolling update strategy. Which parameter in a Deployment manifest controls the number of pods that can be unavailable during the update?

Accepted Answer

spec.strategy.rollingUpdate.maxUnavailable. The `spec.strategy.rollingUpdate.maxUnavailable` parameter in a Kubernetes Deployment manifest specifies the maximum number of pods that can be unavailable during a rolling update. This ensures that a controlled number of pods are taken down at a time, preventing downtime by maintaining a minimum number of available pods throughout the update process.

Answer

spec.minReadySeconds

Answer

spec.replicas

Answer

spec.strategy.rollingUpdate.maxSurge

Question 5

An organization is using CloudFormation to manage AWS infrastructure. They need to detect if any manual changes have been made to resources outside of CloudFormation. Which CloudFormation feature should they use?

Accepted Answer

Drift detection. CloudFormation drift detection compares the current state of resources with the expected state defined in the stack template. It identifies resources that have been modified manually, known as drift.

Answer

Change sets

Answer

Stack sets

Answer

Resource signals

Question 6

A developer wants to deploy an application using Azure Bicep. What is a key benefit of using Bicep over ARM templates?

Accepted Answer

Bicep has simpler, more readable syntax than ARM JSON. Bicep is a domain-specific language that simplifies authoring ARM templates by providing a cleaner syntax, modularization, and code reuse. It compiles to ARM JSON templates.

Answer

Bicep can be used to manage any cloud provider

Answer

Bicep eliminates the need for resource providers

Answer

Bicep supports imperative scripting

Question 7

A company is adopting a canary deployment strategy for a microservice running on Kubernetes. They want to initially route 5% of traffic to the new version and monitor for errors before increasing. Which Kubernetes resource is best suited to implement this traffic splitting?

Accepted Answer

Service with multiple Deployments and replica scaling. Service meshes like Istio provide traffic routing capabilities, but in native Kubernetes, a Service can be used with multiple Deployments, but traffic splitting is not native. However, using a Service with label selectors that match both versions and manually adjusting replica counts is a common approach, but more advanced canary deployments use tools like Flagger or Istio. Among the options, a Service with a canary Deployment and adjusting replicas is most straightforward.

Answer

ConfigMap

Answer

Ingress resource

Answer

HorizontalPodAutoscaler

Question 8

A cloud engineer is designing a CI/CD pipeline using Azure DevOps. They need to ensure that code changes are automatically built, tested, and deployed to a staging environment, and then after manual approval, deployed to production. Which pipeline configuration should they use?

Accepted Answer

Multi-stage pipeline with environment approvals on the production stage. Azure DevOps multi-stage pipelines allow defining stages such as build, test, and deploy, with gates and approvals. An approval gate on the production stage ensures manual review before deployment.

Answer

Single stage pipeline with conditional deployment

Answer

Release pipeline with continuous deployment trigger

Answer

Build pipeline only

Question 9

A company is migrating an on-premises MySQL database to Azure SQL Database using Azure Database Migration Service. They want minimal downtime. Which migration mode should they choose?

Accepted Answer

Online migration with continuous sync. Azure DMS offers online migration mode that uses CDC to replicate ongoing changes, allowing near-zero downtime. Offline mode requires stopping writes during migration.

Answer

Bulk copy

Answer

Offline migration

Answer

Schema conversion only

Question 10

A cloud team is implementing a CI/CD pipeline for a containerized application. They want to automatically build a Docker image, push it to a registry, and deploy it to a Kubernetes cluster. Which TWO tools from the options below are commonly used as part of this pipeline? (Select 2)

Accepted Answer

Jenkins. Jenkins and GitLab CI are both CI/CD tools that can build Docker images, push to registries, and deploy to Kubernetes. Terraform and CloudFormation are IaC tools, not CI/CD. Docker Compose is for local development.

Answer

CloudFormation

Answer

Terraform

Answer

Docker Compose

Question 11

A company is migrating a large on-premises application to AWS. The application uses a SQL Server database and requires minimal downtime. The database is 1 TB. Which THREE services or features should the team consider to achieve a successful migration with minimal downtime? (Select 3)

Accepted Answer

AWS Schema Conversion Tool (AWS SCT). AWS DMS with CDC enables ongoing replication. AWS SCT converts the schema if needed. Snowball is for offline data transfer which would cause downtime. Direct Connect improves network stability. Boto3 is a Python SDK, not a migration service.

Answer

AWS Snowball

Answer

AWS Boto3

Question 12

A cloud architect is designing a Kubernetes deployment for a stateless web application. The application must be highly available and automatically recover from failures. Which THREE components are required to achieve this? (Select 3)

Accepted Answer

Deployment resource. A Deployment manages replicas and supports rolling updates. A Service provides stable networking to the pods. Readiness probes ensure only healthy pods receive traffic. ConfigMaps and StatefulSets are not required for stateless HA.

Answer

ConfigMap

Answer

StatefulSet

Question 13

A cloud engineer is writing a Terraform configuration to deploy an AWS EC2 instance. Which file extension is typically used for Terraform configuration files written in HCL?

Accepted Answer

.tf. Terraform uses the .tf extension for HCL configuration files.

Answer

.yaml

Answer

.json

Answer

.hcl

Question 14

An organization wants to deploy a new microservice to a Kubernetes cluster with zero downtime. The deployment should update pods gradually by replacing old pods with new ones, and if the new pods fail health checks, the rollout should stop. Which Kubernetes deployment strategy meets these requirements?

Accepted Answer

Rolling update. A rolling update strategy in Kubernetes replaces pods incrementally and can be configured to pause on failed health checks.

Answer

Canary

Answer

Recreate

Answer

Blue/green

Question 15

A company wants to migrate a 50 TB on-premises SQL Server database to Amazon RDS for MySQL with minimal downtime. The source database is 3 TB and continues to receive writes. Which service should the cloud architect use to perform the migration with ongoing replication?

Accepted Answer

AWS DMS. AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) supports ongoing replication via change data capture (CDC) to migrate with minimal downtime.

Answer

AWS Snowball

Answer

AWS S3 Transfer Acceleration

Answer

AWS DataSync