AZ-500 Manage identity and access Practice Test 10 — 15 Questions

Question 1

A company uses Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) and has a conditional access policy that requires multi-factor authentication (MFA) for all external users accessing SharePoint Online. However, the security team wants to enforce that external users must re-authenticate every 30 minutes when accessing SharePoint. Which control should they configure in a new conditional access policy targeting SharePoint Online?

Choose an answer to begin — your selection is scored in the full session.

Accepted Answer

Add a session control and set 'Sign-in frequency' to 30 minutes.. The 'Sign-in frequency' session control in a Conditional Access policy allows administrators to enforce re-authentication at a specified interval. By setting this to 30 minutes and targeting the SharePoint Online app, external users will be prompted to re-authenticate every 30 minutes, meeting the security team's requirement. This control is independent of MFA and specifically addresses the frequency of authentication sessions.

Answer

Assign the policy to 'All cloud apps' and use a grant control to require multi-factor authentication.

Answer

Configure a condition for sign-in risk level and set it to 'High'.

Answer

Configure a session control to use 'App enforced restrictions' for SharePoint.

Question 2

A company uses Azure AD B2B collaboration to invite external partner users to collaborate on a project. The security team wants to ensure that when a partner user's account is disabled in their home Azure AD tenant, the user should immediately lose access to the company's resources, even if the user had a valid session token. Which configuration should they implement in cross-tenant access settings?

Accepted Answer

Configure cross-tenant access settings to trust the user's account status from the home tenant.. Configuring cross-tenant access settings to trust the user's account status from the home tenant enables Azure AD to evaluate the external user's account state (enabled/disabled) in their home tenant at each authentication. When the partner user's account is disabled in their home tenant, Azure AD will deny access even if a valid session token exists, because the token's validity is rechecked against the home tenant's account status via the cross-tenant trust policy.

Answer

Configure external collaboration settings to restrict B2B users to specific apps.

Answer

Assign a conditional access policy that requires device compliance for B2B users.

Answer

Enable Azure AD Identity Protection for B2B users.

Question 3

A company uses Azure AD Identity Protection. They have detected a user with a 'High' user risk level due to suspicious activity. The security team wants to automatically block sign-ins for this user only when the sign-in comes from a location that is not in the company's list of trusted IPs. They have created a Conditional Access policy. Which configuration should they use?

Accepted Answer

Assign the user to the policy, set condition 'User risk level: High' and condition 'Locations: All locations except trusted', and set 'Grant' to 'Block access'. It combines the 'User risk level: High' condition (triggered by Identity Protection's user risk detection) with the 'Locations: All locations except trusted' condition, and sets 'Grant' to 'Block access'. This ensures that only sign-ins from untrusted locations are blocked when the user's risk is high, meeting the requirement to allow sign-ins from trusted IPs even for high-risk users.

Answer

Assign the user to the policy, set condition 'Sign-in risk level: High' and condition 'Locations: All trusted locations', and set 'Grant' to 'Block access'

Answer

Assign the user to the policy, set condition 'User risk level: High' and set 'Grant' to 'Require multi-factor authentication'

Answer

Create a risk detection policy in Identity Protection that triggers a user risk policy, and have Conditional Access use the risk policy

Question 4

A company uses Azure AD B2B collaboration to invite external partner users. The security policy requires that guest users who have not signed in for more than 90 days should have their access automatically reviewed and, if not approved, removed. The company has Azure AD Premium P2 licenses. Which Azure AD feature should they configure to meet this requirement?

Accepted Answer

Configure an Azure AD Access Review that reviews guest user access and automatically removes access after 90 days of inactivity.. Azure AD Access Reviews, available with Azure AD Premium P2 licenses, allow you to create recurring reviews that specifically target guest users who have not signed in for a specified period (e.g., 90 days). The review can be configured to automatically remove access if the reviewer does not approve, directly meeting the requirement for automatic review and removal after 90 days of inactivity.

Answer

Enable automatic user deletion in the Azure AD B2B collaboration settings.

Answer

Create a Conditional Access policy that blocks sign-ins for guest users who haven't authenticated in 90 days.

Answer

Use Azure AD Identity Protection to detect guest user sign-in anomalies and revoke sessions.

Question 5

A company has Azure AD Identity Protection enabled. The security team wants to automatically block sign-ins that are detected as coming from a known malicious IP address. They have created a Conditional Access policy and assigned it to all users. Which configuration should they add to the policy to trigger the block based on Identity Protection risk?

Accepted Answer

Add a condition for 'Sign-in risk' set to 'High' and a grant control of 'Block access'.. Identity Protection detects sign-ins from known malicious IP addresses and assigns a 'Sign-in risk' level (e.g., High). By adding a condition for 'Sign-in risk' set to 'High' and a grant control of 'Block access', the Conditional Access policy will automatically block those sign-ins. This directly uses Identity Protection's risk detection to enforce the block without needing to manually maintain IP address lists.

Answer

Add a condition for 'Locations' and specify the known malicious IP ranges as 'Blocked locations'.

Answer

Add a condition for 'User risk' set to 'High' and a grant control of 'Require multi-factor authentication'.

Answer

Add a condition for 'Device state' set to 'Not compliant' and a grant control of 'Block access'.

Question 6

A company uses Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM) to manage the 'Security Administrator' role. They want to require that when a user activates this role, they must provide a support ticket number and a brief justification. Additionally, the activation should have a maximum duration of 4 hours. Which PIM role setting should they configure?

Accepted Answer

Require justification on activation. The 'Require justification on activation' setting in Azure AD PIM allows you to mandate that users provide a support ticket number and a brief justification when activating a role. This setting enforces the collection of business-specific details during activation, which aligns with the requirement. The maximum activation duration of 4 hours is configured separately via the 'Activation maximum duration' setting, not through justification.

Answer

Require approval

Answer

Require MFA

Answer

Require Azure AD Identity Protection

Question 7

A company has a subscription with Azure Active Directory (Azure AD). They want to enable a conditional access policy that requires all users to use multi-factor authentication (MFA) when accessing the Azure portal. The policy should only apply to users who are members of a group called 'AllUsers'. Which assignment should they configure in the policy?

Accepted Answer

Assign the 'AllUsers' group to the 'Users' section and select 'Azure portal' as the cloud app. In an Azure AD Conditional Access policy, the 'Users' section is where you specify which users or groups the policy applies to, and the 'Cloud apps' section is where you select the target application (Azure portal). By assigning the 'AllUsers' group to 'Users' and selecting 'Azure portal' as the cloud app, the policy enforces MFA for all members of that group when they access the Azure portal.

Answer

Assign the 'AllUsers' group to the 'Cloud apps' section and select 'Azure portal' as the application

Answer

Add a condition for 'Client apps' specifying 'Browser' only

Answer

Create two policies: one for users and one for the Azure portal

Question 8

A company uses Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM) to manage the 'Security Administrator' role. They want to require that activation of this role must be approved by a designated group of security engineers before it becomes active. Which PIM role setting should they configure?

Accepted Answer

Require approval. Azure AD PIM's 'Require approval' setting enforces that a designated group of approvers must authorize each activation request before the role becomes active. This directly meets the requirement for approval by security engineers, ensuring that role activation is gated by explicit consent rather than being automatic.

Answer

Activation maximum duration (hours)

Answer

MFA on activation

Answer

Require justification on activation

Question 9

A company develops a web application that runs on Azure App Service. The application needs to access Azure Key Vault to retrieve secrets. The security team wants to avoid using service principals or connection strings. Which identity should they assign to the App Service to authenticate to Key Vault?

Accepted Answer

System-assigned managed identity. A system-assigned managed identity is the correct choice because it provides an automatically managed identity in Azure AD, directly tied to the App Service resource, without requiring any credentials to be stored or rotated. This allows the App Service to authenticate to Key Vault using Azure AD tokens, eliminating the need for service principals or connection strings. The security team's requirement to avoid service principals or connection strings is fully met, as the identity is managed entirely by Azure.

Answer

User-assigned managed identity

Answer

Azure AD application registration with a client secret

Answer

Azure AD service principal with certificate-based authentication

Question 10

A company uses Microsoft Defender for Cloud's Just-In-Time (JIT) VM access to manage RDP connections to a critical jump-box virtual machine. The company has a CI/CD pipeline running on Azure DevOps agent pools that needs to periodically RDP into this VM to deploy software. The agent pool's source IP addresses are dynamic and change frequently. They want the pipeline to automatically request JIT access before each deployment without manual intervention. Which approach should they implement?

Accepted Answer

Use the Azure REST API with a managed identity assigned to the DevOps agent to request JIT access, specifying the agent's current source IP address. It uses the Azure REST API with a managed identity to dynamically request JIT VM access, specifying the agent's current source IP address. This approach allows the CI/CD pipeline to authenticate without secrets and automatically obtain time-bound RDP access, even though the agent's IP changes frequently. The managed identity provides secure, automated authentication to Azure Resource Manager, enabling the pipeline to call the JIT policy endpoint and grant access for the deployment duration.

Answer

Create a JIT access rule in Defender for Cloud with a scheduled time window that matches the pipeline's deployment schedule

Answer

Configure a PowerShell script in the pipeline to modify the network security group (NSG) to allow the agent's IP during deployment

Answer

Assign a static public IP to the Azure DevOps agent and add that IP to the JIT allowed list permanently

Question 11

A security operations team uses Microsoft Sentinel. They create a playbook that changes the severity of an incident from 'Medium' to 'High' when a specific indicator of compromise (IOC) is detected within the incident's entities. The team wants this playbook to run automatically as soon as the incident is created, without manual intervention. Which type of automation rule trigger should they configure to invoke the playbook?

Accepted Answer

When incident is created. The 'When incident is created' trigger in Microsoft Sentinel automation rules is designed to invoke a playbook immediately upon incident generation, without requiring any manual action. This matches the requirement for automatic execution as soon as the incident is created, allowing the playbook to evaluate entities and change severity from 'Medium' to 'High' based on the IOC detection.

Answer

When incident is updated

Answer

When alert is created

Answer

On a time schedule

Question 12

A security team uses Microsoft Sentinel. They want to create a custom detection rule that identifies a potential data exfiltration scenario: when a user signs in from an unusual location and then, within 30 minutes, performs a large download from Azure Blob Storage. They need to correlate sign-in logs from Azure AD with storage diagnostic logs. Which type of analytics rule should they create in Microsoft Sentinel?

Accepted Answer

A scheduled query rule using KQL. A scheduled query rule is correct because it allows you to write a KQL query that joins Azure AD sign-in logs (SigninLogs) with Azure Storage diagnostic logs (StorageBlobLogs) based on a user identifier, and then uses a time window (e.g., 30 minutes) to correlate the two events. This is the only rule type that supports custom KQL logic for multi-table joins and time-based correlation, which is essential for detecting the described exfiltration pattern.

Answer

An NRT (near-real-time) rule

Answer

A fusion rule

Answer

A machine learning-based analytics rule

Question 13

A security team uses Microsoft Defender for Cloud to monitor the security posture of a hybrid environment that includes on-premises servers connected via Azure Arc. They want to enable a vulnerability assessment solution that automatically scans all servers (both Azure VMs and on-premises Arc-enabled servers) for OS vulnerabilities. Which solution should they enable directly from Defender for Cloud?

Accepted Answer

Enable the integrated vulnerability assessment solution (Qualys) in Defender for Cloud. The integrated vulnerability assessment (VA) solution in Defender for Cloud, powered by Qualys, is the correct choice because it is a native, built-in capability that can be automatically enabled for both Azure VMs and Azure Arc-enabled on-premises servers. It requires no additional licensing or external configuration, and it automatically discovers and scans OS vulnerabilities without manual intervention, directly from the Defender for Cloud portal.

Answer

Enable Microsoft Defender for Endpoint and integrate it with Defender for Cloud

Answer

Configure Azure Update Management to assess missing patches

Answer

Use Azure Policy to deploy the Log Analytics agent and manually enable scanning

Question 14

A security analyst uses Microsoft Defender for Cloud. They need to continuously monitor the security posture of their Azure subscription against the Microsoft cloud security benchmark (MCSB). They want to see the current compliance score and specific recommendations for failing controls. Which Defender for Cloud feature should they use?

Accepted Answer

Regulatory compliance dashboard. The Regulatory compliance dashboard in Microsoft Defender for Cloud is specifically designed to track compliance against standards like the Microsoft cloud security benchmark (MCSB). It provides a current compliance score and lists specific recommendations for failing controls, enabling continuous monitoring and remediation tracking. This dashboard aggregates assessment results from the secure score and maps them to the controls defined in the selected regulatory standard.

Answer

Security posture

Answer

Workbooks

Answer

Advanced hunting

Question 15

A security operations team uses Microsoft Sentinel. They have a scheduled analytics rule that generates an incident when a user signs in from an unusual location. They want to automatically assign the incident to the 'Security Engineering' team and set its severity to 'High' when it is created. Which feature should they use?

Accepted Answer

Automation rules. Automation rules in Microsoft Sentinel allow you to centrally manage the automated handling of incidents, including assigning them to a specific team and setting their severity. When a scheduled analytics rule generates an incident, an automation rule can trigger on incident creation to perform these actions without requiring a playbook or manual intervention.

Answer

Playbooks

Answer

Incident settings in analytics rule

Answer

Workbooks