AZ-400 Practice Test 5 — 10 Questions

Question 1

You are designing a communication strategy for your DevOps team. They use Microsoft Teams for collaboration. You need to automatically notify the team when a release to production fails. Which Azure DevOps integration should you use?

Choose an answer to begin — your selection is scored in the full session.

Accepted Answer

Configure a notification subscription in Azure DevOps to send a Teams webhook. Azure DevOps notification subscriptions can be configured to send alerts to a Teams channel via an incoming webhook. This allows automatic, real-time notifications to the DevOps team when a release to production fails, directly within their collaboration platform.

Answer

Set up an email subscription to the DevOps team

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Create a service hook to call a custom API

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Publish a Wiki page with deployment status

Question 2

Your team uses Git for source control. A developer accidentally committed a large binary file (500 MB) to the main branch. The push succeeded but other team members are now complaining about slow fetch times. What is the most efficient way to remove the file from the repository history?

Accepted Answer

Use 'git filter-repo' to remove the file from history. 'git filter-repo' is the recommended modern tool for permanently removing large files from Git history. It rewrites the repository's commit graph, eliminating the file from all commits, which reduces repository size and resolves slow fetch times for team members. Unlike BFG Repo-Cleaner, 'git filter-repo' is actively maintained and integrates natively with Git, making it the most efficient and reliable choice for this task.

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Add the file to .gitignore and push again

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Use 'git revert' to undo the commit

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Use BFG Repo-Cleaner

Question 3

You have a YAML pipeline that builds a Docker image and pushes it to Azure Container Registry (ACR). You need to dynamically set the image tag based on the build number. Which predefined variable should you use?

Accepted Answer

$(Build.BuildNumber). The `$(Build.BuildNumber)` variable represents the build number, which is the name of the completed build. It's often customized to include versioning information, and it's the appropriate variable to use when tagging Docker images based on the build number. `$(Build.BuildId)` is a unique numeric ID for the build record, but it is not the build number.

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$(System.JobId)

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$(System.TeamProject)

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$(Build.BuildId)

Question 4

Your organization uses GitHub Actions and needs to enforce that all workflows pass required checks before a pull request can be merged. Which GitHub feature should you configure?

Accepted Answer

Branch protection rules with required status checks. Branch protection rules with required status checks enforce that all configured GitHub Actions workflows must pass before a pull request can be merged. This ensures that any workflow defined in the repository (e.g., CI, linting, security scans) produces a successful check run, and the merge is blocked if any required check fails or is pending.

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Workflow triggers

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Required reviewers

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Environment protection rules

Question 5

Your team is using Git with Azure Repos. A developer accidentally committed a large binary file to the main branch. What is the recommended way to permanently remove it from the repository history?

Accepted Answer

Use 'git filter-branch' to remove the file from history. `git filter-branch` (or its modern replacement `git filter-repo`) rewrites the entire repository history to permanently remove a file from all commits. This is the recommended approach when a large binary file has been committed to the main branch and must be expunged from history to reduce repository size and prevent it from being cloned by others.

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Delete the file and commit the deletion

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Ignore the file using .gitignore

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Revert the commit using 'git revert'

Question 6

You have a multi-stage YAML pipeline that builds and deploys a Node.js application. You want to ensure that the build stage runs only when changes are made to the 'src' folder. Which trigger configuration should you use?

Accepted Answer

Trigger with 'paths' filter. Azure Pipelines supports path-based triggers that allow you to specify which file paths should trigger a pipeline run. By configuring a trigger with a 'paths' filter that includes only the 'src' folder, the build stage will only execute when changes are detected within that specific directory, ignoring changes elsewhere in the repository.

Answer

Trigger with 'batch' set to true

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Trigger with 'branches' filter

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Disable CI trigger and use a scheduled trigger

Question 7

You are implementing a CI pipeline for a Node.js application. The pipeline must run linting, unit tests, and build the application. Which YAML structure is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Define one job with multiple steps: lint, test, build.. A CI pipeline for a Node.js application typically runs linting, unit tests, and build sequentially within a single job using multiple steps. This ensures that each step executes in order, sharing the same workspace and environment, which is efficient for a simple CI workflow. Defining separate stages (Option A) or multiple jobs (Option C) adds unnecessary overhead and complexity for tasks that are inherently sequential and do not require independent environments.

Answer

Define three separate stages: lint, test, build.

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Define one job with parallel steps using 'parallel' keyword.

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Define multiple jobs without dependencies.

Question 8

A company recently migrated its CI/CD pipelines from Jenkins to Azure Pipelines. The development team is experiencing frequent build failures due to conflicting changes when multiple developers push code simultaneously. The team wants to maintain a linear history and avoid merge commits. Which strategy should you recommend?

Accepted Answer

Use Team Foundation Version Control (TFVC) with exclusive checkout enabled.. Team Foundation Version Control (TFVC) with exclusive checkout enforces a lock on a file when a developer checks it out, preventing simultaneous edits. This eliminates conflicting changes that cause build failures when multiple developers push code concurrently, and since TFVC does not use merge commits, it maintains a linear history. The scenario explicitly requires avoiding merge commits and resolving conflicts from simultaneous pushes, which TFVC’s exclusive checkout directly addresses.

Answer

Switch to Git with a central repository and require merge commits.

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Enforce a rebase strategy for all pull requests in the branch policy.

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Configure Azure Repos to use squash merge when completing pull requests.

Question 9

Your organization is adopting GitHub Copilot for developers. Which security measure should you implement to ensure that no proprietary code is inadvertently shared with the AI model?

Accepted Answer

Configure content exclusions in the GitHub Copilot settings. GitHub Copilot's content exclusions allow administrators to specify files or repositories that should not be sent to the AI model for code completion suggestions. This prevents proprietary or sensitive code from being transmitted to GitHub's servers, ensuring compliance with security policies. Other options like network segmentation or audit logging do not directly block code from being shared with the AI.

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Use a separate network segment for development

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Disable GitHub Copilot for all users

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Enable audit logging for Copilot usage

Question 10

You are using Microsoft Defender for Cloud to secure Azure Pipelines. You need to receive alerts when a pipeline run uses a service principal with excessive permissions. Which feature should you enable?

Accepted Answer

Enable Microsoft Defender for Cloud's identity and access monitoring.. Microsoft Defender for Cloud's identity and access monitoring continuously assesses the permissions of service principals used in Azure Pipelines and generates alerts when it detects over-privileged or anomalous usage. This feature is specifically designed to identify excessive permissions in real-time, enabling proactive security responses without manual log review or policy enforcement.

Answer

Enable Azure DevOps audit logs and review them manually.

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Create an Azure Policy to deny over-privileged service principals.

Answer

Configure Microsoft Entra ID Conditional Access policies.