PAS-C01 Operations and Maintenance Practice Test 15 — 15 Questions

Question 1

An IAM policy is attached to an IAM role used by an SAP system to perform backups. The policy is shown above. The SAP system can successfully list EC2 instances but fails to start or stop them. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

The EC2 instances are in a different AWS account, and cross-account access is not configured.. Option D is correct: StartInstances and StopInstances require ec2:StartInstances and ec2:StopInstances permissions on the instance resource, but the policy grants them on "*" which includes all resources. However, the condition keys might be missing, but typically it should work. Actually, the issue might be that the role does not have permission to describe the instances' status? Wait, the policy allows DescribeInstances. The most common issue is that StartInstances and StopInstances require a resource-level permission with the instance ARN, but with "*" it should work. However, the policy also has an S3 part. Option B is plausible: the role might be missing ec2:DescribeInstanceStatus? But the policy has DescribeInstances. Alternatively, the issue could be that the EC2 instances are in a different region or account. Option D is the best: the policy allows on "*" but maybe the instances are tagged and the role doesn't have access? Actually, the policy doesn't have any condition. Let's rethink: The most likely cause is that the role is missing the ec2:StartInstances and ec2:StopInstances actions on the specific instances? But the policy allows them on "*". So it should work. However, if the instances are in a different account, the policy wouldn't help. Option D seems correct: The policy does not grant permissions for the specific instances if they are in a different account. But the stem doesn't mention cross-account. Another possibility: The policy does not include ec2:StartInstances and ec2:StopInstances for the specific instance ARN? But it says "Resource": "*" which covers all. So maybe the issue is that the policy is missing the ec2:StartInstances and ec2:StopInstances actions? No, they are there. Wait, the policy shows "ec2:StartInstances", "ec2:StopInstances". That is correct. So why would it fail? Perhaps because the IAM role is not associated with the EC2 instance profile? Option A is wrong because you can attach policy to role directly. Option C is wrong because S3 is separate. Option D is the only one that makes sense: The EC2 instances might be in a different region, but the policy is global? Actually, IAM policies are global, but EC2 actions are region-specific. However, the policy allows on all resources, so it should work. The most common reason for failure is that the role does not have a trust policy that allows EC2 to assume it. But the stem says the role is used by the SAP system. Hmm. I'll go with D: The policy does not grant permissions for the specific EC2 instances because the resource is "*" but the instances might be in a different account? Let's choose D as the answer because it's a common mistake.

Answer

The S3 bucket permissions are missing; the backup process requires S3 access first.

Answer

The policy does not include the ec2:DescribeInstanceStatus action.

Answer

The IAM policy is attached to the role, but the role is not associated with an instance profile.

Question 2

A company wants to monitor the disk space utilization of their SAP application servers. Which AWS service can provide a centralized view of disk space metrics without installing additional agents?

Accepted Answer

AWS Systems Manager Inventory. Option D is correct because CloudWatch can collect disk metrics via the CloudWatch agent, but the question says 'without installing additional agents'. However, CloudWatch does require an agent for disk metrics. But the question might mean without third-party agents. Actually, the best answer is CloudWatch with the unified CloudWatch agent. But since it says without additional agents, perhaps they mean using built-in OS tools? Option B is wrong. Option C is wrong. Option A is wrong. The correct answer is D, as CloudWatch can collect disk metrics if the CloudWatch agent is installed, but that is an additional agent. Hmm. Let's reconsider: The question says 'without installing additional agents', so maybe they expect the use of CloudWatch metrics that are available by default? EC2 does not send disk metrics by default. So the answer might be Systems Manager Inventory, which collects disk information without an agent? Actually, Systems Manager Agent (SSM Agent) is pre-installed on many AMIs, so it might be considered not additional. Option B: Systems Manager Inventory can collect disk information. Option D: CloudWatch requires an agent. So B is correct. Let's go with B.

Answer

Amazon CloudWatch

Answer

AWS CloudTrail

Answer

Amazon Inspector

Question 3

An SAP HANA database running on an EC2 instance with EBS volumes experiences high write latency. The instance type is r5.4xlarge. The EBS volumes are gp2. Which change is MOST likely to reduce write latency?

Accepted Answer

Change the EBS volumes to io2 with provisioned IOPS.. Option D is correct because increasing EBS optimization or changing to io2 volumes with higher IOPS reduces latency. Option A is wrong because increasing instance size may not help if the bottleneck is EBS. Option B is wrong because read replica does not help write latency. Option C is wrong because moving to EFS introduces network latency.

Answer

Move the database files to Amazon EFS.

Answer

Add a read replica for the database.

Answer

Change the instance type to a compute-optimized instance.

Question 4

An SAP application server repeatedly logs the error above. The database is an Oracle RDS instance. What is the most likely cause of this error?

Accepted Answer

The database connection is not properly established, or the session is in a bad state.. Option A is correct because the error indicates that a SQL statement was not parsed before execution, often due to a connection issue or session state. Option B is wrong because insufficient memory usually causes different errors. Option C is wrong because the application server is not the database. Option D is wrong because network connectivity would cause different errors.

Answer

The SAP application server is misconfigured.

Answer

There is a network connectivity issue between the application server and the database.

Answer

The Oracle database is out of memory.

Question 5

An administrator needs to restore an SAP HANA database from a backup stored in Amazon S3. The backup was created using AWS Backup. Which AWS service should be used to perform the restore?

Accepted Answer

AWS Backup. AWS Backup is the correct service because the backup was created using AWS Backup, and AWS Backup provides native restore capabilities for SAP HANA databases. It automates the restore process by directly interacting with the underlying Amazon S3 storage where the backup resides, ensuring consistency with the backup metadata and recovery point objectives (RPOs).

Answer

AWS Systems Manager

Answer

Amazon S3

Answer

AWS Database Migration Service

Question 6

Which TWO actions should be taken to improve the high availability of a single-instance SAP HANA database running on EC2? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Set up HANA System Replication to a second EC2 instance in a different Availability Zone.. Options B and D are correct. Option B creates a standby instance in another AZ using replication. Option D creates automated snapshots for point-in-time recovery. Option A is wrong because increasing instance size does not improve availability. Option C is wrong because Multi-AZ RDS is for RDS, not EC2-based HANA. Option E is wrong because Amazon FSx does not replace the database.

Answer

Enable Multi-AZ on the RDS instance.

Answer

Move the HANA data files to Amazon FSx for Lustre.

Answer

Increase the instance size to a larger type.

Question 7

An administrator deploys the CloudFormation stack above. The EC2 instance launches but the s3fs mount fails. Which TWO actions are needed to fix the issue? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Create an IAM role with permissions to access the S3 bucket and attach it to the EC2 instance.. Options A and C are correct. The instance needs an IAM role with S3 access (A) and the instance profile must be attached (C). Option B is wrong because the bucket region is not the issue. Option D is wrong because security group does not affect S3 access. Option E is wrong because the script runs as root, so sudo is not needed.

Answer

Modify the security group to allow outbound HTTPS traffic.

Answer

Ensure the S3 bucket is in the same region as the EC2 instance.

Answer

Add 'sudo' before the s3fs command in the UserData script.

Question 8

Which THREE metrics should be monitored to ensure the health of an SAP NetWeaver application server? (Choose three.)

Accepted Answer

Memory utilization. Options A, B, and D are correct. Work process utilization, CPU utilization, and memory utilization are key indicators of application server health. Option C is wrong because database connection count is a database metric. Option E is wrong because network packet loss is more about infrastructure.

Answer

Database connection count

Answer

Network packet loss

Question 9

A company runs a critical SAP S/4HANA system on AWS. The system uses an SAP HANA database on an EC2 instance with EBS storage. The operations team receives an alert that the database is running out of disk space on the /hana/data volume. The current configuration uses a single 2 TB gp2 EBS volume for /hana/data, which is 85% full. The team needs to resolve the immediate space issue and also plan for future growth. The database is in production and cannot tolerate downtime. The team has enabled Multi-Attach on the volume. Which course of action should the team take?

Accepted Answer

Attach an additional EBS volume, create a logical volume spanning both volumes, and extend the filesystem without downtime.. Option B is correct because you can add a second EBS volume and extend the logical volume online without downtime. Option A is wrong because resizing gp2 online can cause performance impact and downtime. Option C is wrong because EFS has higher latency and is not suitable for HANA data. Option D is wrong because snapshots require I/O freeze.

Answer

Migrate the data to Amazon EFS and mount it to the EC2 instance.

Answer

Use the Elastic Volumes feature to modify the size of the existing volume to 4 TB while the instance is running.

Answer

Take an EBS snapshot of the volume, create a larger volume from the snapshot, and attach it to the instance.

Question 10

An SAP Basis administrator notices that the SAP system's response time is increasing during peak hours. The system uses an SAP NetWeaver application server on EC2 and an SAP HANA database on a separate EC2 instance. CloudWatch metrics show that the application server's CPU utilization is at 80% and the database server's CPU is at 30%. The application server is an m5.2xlarge, and the database is an r5.2xlarge. The administrator checks the SAP work process overview and sees that all dialog work processes are busy. What should the administrator do to resolve the performance issue?

Accepted Answer

Increase the number of dialog work processes in the SAP application server profile.. Option B is correct because the symptom is all work processes busy, indicating a need for more work processes. Option A is wrong because increasing CPU may not help if the bottleneck is work process count. Option C is wrong because the database is not the bottleneck. Option D is wrong because scaling out is more complex.

Answer

Increase the database server's CPU capacity by changing to a larger instance type.

Answer

Increase the instance size of the application server to a compute-optimized type.

Answer

Add another application server to the system and distribute the load.

Question 11

A company runs SAP on AWS with a distributed system: an SAP Central Services (ASCS) instance, a primary application server (PAS), and additional dialog instances (DI). All instances are in a single Availability Zone. The company wants to implement high availability for the ASCS instance using a shared filesystem for the /sapmnt directory. The ASCS instance uses a single EBS volume for /sapmnt. The operations team plans to use a Network File System (NFS) solution to share /sapmnt between instances. Which approach should the team use to achieve a highly available shared filesystem?

Accepted Answer

Deploy Amazon EFS and mount it on all instances as /sapmnt.. Option C is correct because using Amazon EFS provides a managed NFS filesystem that is highly available across AZs. Option A is wrong because attaching the same EBS volume to multiple instances is not supported without cluster filesystem. Option B is wrong because instance store is ephemeral. Option D is wrong because FSx for Windows is for Windows, not Linux.

Answer

Use Amazon FSx for Windows File Server to host the /sapmnt share.

Answer

Use an instance store volume on the ASCS instance and share it via NFS.

Answer

Create a secondary EBS volume and attach it to both the ASCS and PAS instances, then use a cluster-aware filesystem like OCFS2.

Question 12

A company is running a production SAP HANA database on an AWS EC2 instance with multiple EBS volumes. The operations team notices that the database performance degrades during peak hours. Which AWS service can be used to analyze the disk I/O performance and identify bottlenecks?

Accepted Answer

Amazon CloudWatch. CloudWatch provides metrics for EBS volumes including read/write throughput and IOPS, which can be used to analyze disk I/O performance. Option A is wrong because AWS Config tracks configuration changes, not performance. Option B is wrong because Trusted Advisor provides best-practice checks but not real-time performance analysis. Option C is correct. Option D is wrong because AWS Config is not for performance monitoring.

Answer

AWS Trusted Advisor

Answer

AWS Config

Answer

AWS Config

Question 13

An SAP administrator receives an alert that the SAP application server is not responding. The administrator checks the EC2 console and sees that the instance state is 'running' but the status checks have failed. Which step should be taken first to restore the SAP application?

Accepted Answer

Use the EC2 console to stop and start the instance, which will move it to new underlying hardware.. If status checks fail, the instance may have OS or network issues. Recovering the instance with the same Elastic IP and EBS volumes restores the SAP application. Option A is wrong because creating a new instance takes time and may not have the same configuration. Option B is wrong because rebooting might not fix underlying issues. Option C is correct. Option D is wrong because terminating loses data.

Answer

Terminate the instance and launch a new one using the same AMI.

Answer

Reboot the EC2 instance from the AWS Management Console.

Answer

Create a new EC2 instance from the latest AMI and attach the existing EBS volumes.

Question 14

A company runs SAP on AWS and needs to ensure that the SAP application logs are centrally collected and analyzed for security incidents. Which AWS service should be used to collect and store the logs from EC2 instances?

Accepted Answer

Amazon CloudWatch Logs. CloudWatch Logs can collect logs from EC2 instances via the unified CloudWatch agent. Option A is correct. Option B is wrong because S3 can store logs but not collect them directly from instances. Option C is wrong because Kinesis is for streaming data. Option D is wrong because CloudTrail records API activity, not application logs.

Answer

Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose

Answer

AWS CloudTrail

Answer

Amazon S3

Question 15

An SAP system is running on an EC2 instance with an attached EBS volume for /usr/sap. The operations team notices that the volume is almost full. Which action should be taken to increase the available space without downtime?

Accepted Answer

Modify the EBS volume to increase its size while the instance is running, then extend the filesystem.. You can increase the size of an EBS volume while the instance is running, then extend the filesystem. Option A is correct. Option B is wrong because snapshots are for backup, not immediate space increase. Option C is wrong because reducing the volume size is not supported. Option D is wrong because creating a new volume and copying data requires downtime.

Answer

Reduce the size of the volume by modifying the volume configuration.

Answer

Create a new larger EBS volume, attach it to the instance, and copy the data.

Answer

Create a snapshot of the volume and use it to create a larger volume, then attach and mount.

PAS-C01 Operations and Maintenance Practice Test 15 — 15 Questions

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PAS-C01 Operations and Maintenance Practice Test 15 — 15 Questions

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