SAP-C02 Accelerate Workload Migration and Modernization Practice Test 8 — 15 Questions

Question 1

A company wants to modernize a legacy monolithic application by decomposing it into microservices. The application handles HTTP requests and uses a MySQL database. The company needs to decouple the microservices and improve scalability. Which AWS services should be used?

Choose an answer to begin — your selection is scored in the full session.

Accepted Answer

Amazon SQS for decoupling and Amazon Aurora MySQL for data.. Amazon SQS provides a reliable message queue for decoupling microservices, and Amazon Aurora MySQL offers a scalable, MySQL-compatible database for persistent data. Option B (S3) is incorrect because S3 is an object storage service, not a decoupling mechanism. Option C (DynamoDB) is incorrect because although SQS for decoupling is fine, DynamoDB is a NoSQL database, not a relational database like MySQL, and the question specifies MySQL. Option D (Kinesis Data Streams) is incorrect because Kinesis is designed for real-time data streaming, not for general-purpose decoupling of microservices.

Answer

Amazon S3 for decoupling and Amazon RDS for MySQL.

Answer

Amazon SQS for decoupling and Amazon DynamoDB for data.

Answer

Amazon Kinesis Data Streams for decoupling and Amazon RDS for MySQL.

Question 2

A company is migrating a multi-tier web application to AWS. The application uses sticky sessions (session affinity). The company wants to use an Application Load Balancer (ALB). How should the architect configure the ALB to support sticky sessions?

Accepted Answer

Enable stickiness on the target group and set a cookie expiration duration.. ALB supports sticky sessions by enabling stickiness on the target group and setting a cookie expiration duration. Option A is wrong because ALB uses cookies for session affinity, not a custom header. Option C is wrong because the question specifies using an ALB, not an NLB, and proxy protocol is for preserving client IP, not sticky sessions. Option D is wrong because placing ElastiCache in front of the ALB is not a load balancer configuration; it is an external solution for storing session data.

Answer

Configure the ALB listener to use a custom header for session affinity.

Answer

Use a Network Load Balancer (NLB) and enable proxy protocol.

Answer

Place an Amazon ElastiCache cluster in front of the ALB to store session data.

Question 3

A company is migrating a large-scale Apache Kafka cluster to Amazon MSK. The cluster has 100 topics with high throughput. The team wants to minimize operational overhead and ensure high availability. Which configuration should be used?

Accepted Answer

Provision an Amazon MSK cluster with 3 brokers per AZ across 3 AZs.. Amazon MSK is a fully managed service for Apache Kafka that reduces operational overhead. Deploying an MSK cluster with 3 brokers per AZ across 3 AZs provides high availability and fault tolerance, as data is replicated across AZs. Option A is wrong because Kinesis Data Streams is a different streaming service with different semantics and not a drop-in replacement for Kafka. Option B is wrong because SQS FIFO queues are not designed for high-throughput pub/sub streaming like Kafka. Option C is wrong because self-managing Kafka on EC2 increases operational overhead, which the team wants to minimize.

Answer

Use Amazon Kinesis Data Streams with enhanced fan-out.

Answer

Use Amazon SQS FIFO queues with message deduplication.

Answer

Deploy Apache Kafka on Amazon EC2 with Spot Instances and EBS volumes.

Question 4

A company is migrating a legacy application that uses a proprietary binary protocol over TCP. The application must be migrated with minimal changes and requires high throughput. Which AWS service should the architect recommend for load balancing?

Accepted Answer

Network Load Balancer (NLB). Network Load Balancer (NLB) is designed for TCP traffic at high throughput with minimal latency, making it ideal for migrating legacy applications using proprietary binary protocols over TCP. Option B (AWS Global Accelerator) improves application performance by directing traffic over the AWS global network but is not a load balancer. Option C (Application Load Balancer) operates at Layer 7 and is best for HTTP/HTTPS traffic, not TCP. Option D (Classic Load Balancer) is a legacy option that lacks the performance and features of NLB.

Answer

AWS Global Accelerator

Answer

Application Load Balancer (ALB)

Answer

Classic Load Balancer (CLB)

Question 5

A company is migrating a 2 PB data lake from on-premises HDFS to Amazon S3. The data is in Parquet format and is accessed by Spark jobs. The migration must be completed within 30 days over a 1 Gbps network. Which approach minimizes cost and meets the deadline?

Accepted Answer

Order multiple AWS Snowball Edge devices, copy data, and return them. Then set up AWS Glue jobs to convert to Parquet if needed.. AWS Snowball Edge devices provide a petabyte-scale offline transfer solution, capable of moving 2 PB of data within the 30-day deadline without relying on the 1 Gbps network bandwidth. Option A (DataSync over Direct Connect) and Option B (VPN + rsync) are limited by the 1 Gbps network, which can transfer only about 324 TB in 30 days, insufficient for 2 PB. Option C (AWS Transfer Family over FTP) is also bandwidth-limited and inefficient for large-scale data. Snowball Edge avoids network constraints, making it the most cost-effective and timely approach.

Answer

Use AWS DataSync over a Direct Connect connection.

Answer

Set up a VPN connection and use rsync to copy data to S3.

Answer

Use AWS Transfer Family to send data over FTP to S3.

Question 6

A company is migrating a legacy Citrix XenApp environment to AWS. The application requires Windows-based virtual desktops for 200 users. Users need to access the desktops from various devices, including thin clients and mobile devices. Which solution is most cost-effective and scalable?

Accepted Answer

Deploy Amazon WorkSpaces with Windows-based bundles.. Amazon WorkSpaces provides fully managed Windows desktops that can be accessed from various devices, making it cost-effective and scalable for 200 users. Option A (Amazon AppStream 2.0) is incorrect because AppStream 2.0 streams individual applications, not full desktops, and is not the best fit for replacing a Citrix XenApp environment that requires full desktops. Option B (EC2 with RDS) is incorrect because while it can provide desktops, it requires manual management of the Remote Desktop Services and is not as scalable or managed as WorkSpaces. Option D (Amazon WorkDocs) is incorrect as it is a document management and collaboration service, not a desktop virtualization solution.

Answer

Use Amazon AppStream 2.0 to stream the application to users.

Answer

Launch Amazon EC2 Windows instances and enable Remote Desktop Services (RDS).

Answer

Use Amazon WorkDocs for document access and collaboration.

Question 7

A company is migrating a legacy API to Amazon API Gateway and Lambda. The API currently uses long-polling to retrieve messages from a queue. The migration must maintain the same client behavior. Which AWS service should replace the long-polling mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Use API Gateway WebSocket APIs to maintain persistent connections.. API Gateway WebSocket APIs enable persistent, bidirectional communication between client and server, allowing the server to push messages to clients without polling. This matches the client's existing long-polling behavior by providing a real-time, event-driven mechanism. Option A (SQS with long polling) still requires the client to poll, which does not eliminate the polling overhead. Option B (Kinesis Data Streams with enhanced fan-out) is designed for streaming data and does not offer a direct polling replacement. Option C (Amazon MQ with STOMP) is a managed message broker but still relies on client-initiated connections or polling, not persistent server-push.

Answer

Use Amazon SQS with long polling enabled.

Answer

Use Amazon Kinesis Data Streams with enhanced fan-out.

Answer

Use Amazon MQ (ActiveMQ) with STOMP protocol.

Question 8

A company is migrating a legacy application that uses Oracle stored procedures to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL. Which TWO strategies minimize code changes and migration effort?

Accepted Answer

Use the PostgreSQL oracle_fdw foreign data wrapper to access Oracle tables from Aurora PostgreSQL.. Options A and E are correct. Option A uses the PostgreSQL oracle_fdw foreign data wrapper to access Oracle tables from Aurora PostgreSQL, minimizing code changes by allowing direct access to Oracle data without full migration. Option E uses AWS Schema Conversion Tool (SCT) to convert Oracle PL/SQL stored procedures to PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, automating schema conversion and reducing manual effort. Option B is incorrect because Amazon RDS for Oracle with cross-Region replication does not migrate to PostgreSQL. Option C is incorrect because AWS DMS replicates data but does not convert stored procedures. Option D is incorrect because migrating to DynamoDB (NoSQL) would require significant application rewrite.

Answer

Use Amazon RDS for Oracle with cross-Region replication.

Answer

Use AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) to replicate data continuously.

Answer

Migrate the database to Amazon DynamoDB and rewrite all application logic.

Question 9

A company is modernizing a monolithic Java application to run on Amazon ECS with Fargate. The application uses a proprietary configuration management system. Which TWO AWS services can replace the configuration management system to store and retrieve configuration at runtime?

Accepted Answer

AWS AppConfig, a feature of AWS Systems Manager.. (AWS AppConfig, a feature of AWS Systems Manager) and Option E (AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store) are both purpose-built services for storing and retrieving configuration at runtime. AppConfig provides validation, deployment strategies, and rollback capabilities, making it ideal for managing application configuration in a controlled manner. Parameter Store offers secure, hierarchical storage for configuration data and integrates seamlessly with AWS services. Option A (S3) is general object storage, not optimized for runtime configuration retrieval with validation. Option B (Secrets Manager) is designed for managing secrets, not general configuration. Option C (DynamoDB) is a NoSQL database; while it can store configuration, it lacks the deployment controls and native integration of AppConfig and Parameter Store.

Answer

Amazon S3 with versioning enabled.

Answer

AWS Secrets Manager.

Answer

Amazon DynamoDB with application-side caching.

Question 10

A company is migrating a legacy batch processing system to AWS. The batch jobs run on a schedule and process files from an FTP server. The company wants a serverless solution. Which THREE AWS services should be combined to implement the solution?

Accepted Answer

Amazon EventBridge (CloudWatch Events). Options A, C, and D are correct. Amazon EventBridge (formerly CloudWatch Events) can schedule events to trigger AWS Lambda functions. Lambda can process the batch files. Amazon S3 can store the files. Option B (EC2 with Auto Scaling) is not serverless. Option E (Simple Workflow Service) is an older workflow service not optimized for this serverless batch processing scenario.

Answer

Amazon EC2 with Auto Scaling

Answer

Amazon Simple Workflow Service (SWF)

Question 11

A company is migrating a monolithic application to AWS. They want to minimize refactoring effort while gaining some benefits of the cloud. Which migration strategy is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Rehost (lift-and-shift). Rehost (lift-and-shift) involves moving the application as-is to AWS with minimal changes, aligning with the goal of minimizing refactoring effort. Option A is wrong because Refactor/Re-architect requires significant code changes. Option B is wrong because Repurchase involves switching to a different product, often a SaaS solution. Option D is wrong because Replatform (lift-tinker-and-shift) involves some modifications to the application to take advantage of cloud capabilities, which requires more effort than pure rehost.

Answer

Refactor / Re-architect

Answer

Repurchase

Answer

Replatform (lift-tinker-and-shift)

Question 12

A company is migrating a legacy database to Amazon RDS. The database currently runs on a single server with a 2 TB volume. The migration must have less than 30 minutes of downtime. Which approach should be used for the initial data load?

Accepted Answer

Use AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) with ongoing replication. AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) can perform a full load of the 2 TB database and then use ongoing replication to keep the target RDS instance synchronized with the source, minimizing downtime to under 30 minutes. Option A (native dump and restore) would require extended downtime for a 2 TB database. Option C (export to S3 and import) cannot provide continuous replication, leading to more downtime. Option D (creating a read replica) is not feasible from a legacy source to RDS without additional configuration and does not directly address the migration requirement.

Answer

Use a native database dump and restore during a maintenance window

Answer

Export the database to Amazon S3 and import into RDS using native tools

Answer

Create a read replica from the source database to RDS

Question 13

A company is migrating a web application to AWS. They want to use the same domain name for both the development and production environments, but route traffic based on the source IP address. Which AWS service can accomplish this?

Accepted Answer

Amazon Route 53 with geolocation routing policy. Amazon Route 53 with geolocation routing policy allows you to route traffic based on the geographic location of the source IP address, which meets the requirement of using the same domain name for different environments based on client IP. ELB distributes traffic within a region and does not consider source IP for routing. AWS Global Accelerator uses anycast IPs and cannot route based on source IP. Amazon CloudFront is a CDN that can cache content but cannot route based on source IP at the DNS level.

Answer

Elastic Load Balancer (ELB)

Answer

AWS Global Accelerator

Answer

Amazon CloudFront

Question 14

A company is migrating a critical application to AWS. The application must be highly available across two Availability Zones. The migration plan includes rehosting the application on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group behind an ALB. Which configuration ensures that the application remains available during an Availability Zone failure?

Accepted Answer

Use an Auto Scaling group with a minimum of 2 across two Availability Zones, with a distribution strategy of 'balanced best effort'. It uses a minimum of 2 instances across two Availability Zones with the 'balanced best effort' distribution strategy. This ensures that instances are evenly distributed across AZs, with at least one instance per AZ. If one AZ fails, the other AZ still has an instance to serve traffic. Option B is incorrect because a minimum of 1 and maximum of 10 does not guarantee at least one instance per AZ; the Auto Scaling group could place all instances in one AZ. Option C is incorrect because a single AZ is a single point of failure; if that AZ fails, all instances are lost. Option D is incorrect because placing all instances in the same subnet (which is in a single AZ) does not provide AZ-level fault tolerance.

Answer

Use an Auto Scaling group with a minimum of 1 and maximum of 10 across two AZs

Answer

Launch instances in a single Availability Zone with multiple subnets

Answer

Launch instances in two Availability Zones but place all instances in the same subnet

Question 15

A company is migrating a legacy application that uses a network file system (NFS) for shared storage. The application runs on Windows servers. Which AWS storage service should be used for the migration?

Accepted Answer

Amazon FSx for Windows File Server. Amazon FSx for Windows File Server provides native SMB support, making it the ideal choice for Windows-based applications requiring shared file storage. Amazon EFS is POSIX-based and not fully compatible with Windows. Amazon EBS volumes cannot be easily shared across multiple instances. Amazon S3 is object storage, not a file system.

Answer

Amazon EFS

Answer

Amazon EBS

Answer

Amazon S3