SAP-C02 Accelerate Workload Migration and Modernization Practice Test 3 — 15 Questions

Question 1

A company is migrating a legacy .NET Framework 4.7 web application to AWS. The application currently runs on Windows Server 2012 R2 with IIS and uses SQL Server Express for local storage. The company wants to minimize re-architecture and reduce operational overhead. Which migration strategy should the company use?

Choose an answer to begin — your selection is scored in the full session.

Accepted Answer

Rehost the application on Amazon EC2 Windows instances using an AWS Migration Acceleration Program (MAP) partner tool.. Rehosting (lift-and-shift) the .NET Framework 4.7 application to Amazon EC2 Windows instances minimizes re-architecture and reduces operational overhead. The application is tightly coupled to Windows Server and IIS, and SQL Server Express is a local database; rehosting preserves the existing architecture without code changes. Using an AWS MAP partner tool streamlines the migration process, aligning with the goal of minimizing changes.

Answer

Retire the application and replace it with a SaaS-based solution.

Answer

Refactor the application to use .NET Core and deploy on Linux containers with Amazon ECS.

Answer

Replatform the application to use AWS Elastic Beanstalk with a SQL Server Express Multi-AZ RDS instance.

Question 2

A retail company is migrating its on-premises e-commerce platform to AWS. The platform consists of a load-balanced web tier, an application tier, and a MySQL database. The company wants to modernize the database by migrating to Amazon Aurora MySQL. The migration must have minimal downtime and support rollback. The database is 2 TB in size and has high write activity. The company has set up an AWS Direct Connect connection. Which approach should the company take to migrate the database with minimal downtime?

Accepted Answer

Use AWS SCT to convert the schema, then use AWS DMS with a full load and ongoing replication (CDC) task to keep the target in sync until cutover.. AWS DMS with a full load and ongoing change data capture (CDC) task enables continuous replication of high-write activity from the on-premises MySQL database to Amazon Aurora MySQL, minimizing downtime by keeping the target synchronized until cutover. The CDC component captures incremental changes after the full load, allowing a near-zero downtime migration with the ability to roll back by stopping replication and reverting to the source.

Answer

Use AWS SCT to convert the schema, then use AWS DMS with a full load task to migrate the data.

Answer

Use mysqldump to export the database, transfer the dump via AWS Direct Connect, and import into Aurora MySQL.

Answer

Use the AWS Schema Conversion Tool (SCT) to convert the schema, then set up an Aurora Replica from the on-premises source using native MySQL replication.

Question 3

A company is migrating a monolithic Java application to AWS. The current architecture uses a single Oracle database. The migration plan is to refactor the application into microservices and use separate Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL databases per service. The company also wants to implement a CI/CD pipeline using AWS CodePipeline and AWS CodeBuild. Which tool should the company use to automate the database schema changes for each microservice?

Accepted Answer

Flyway, integrated into the CI/CD pipeline to run database migrations as part of the application deployment.. Flyway is a database migration tool that integrates directly into CI/CD pipelines, allowing schema changes to be version-controlled and applied automatically during application deployment. For a microservices architecture with separate PostgreSQL databases, Flyway can manage each service's schema independently, ensuring consistency and rollback capability. This aligns with the requirement to automate schema changes per microservice as part of the migration and modernization effort.

Answer

AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) to continuously replicate schema changes from the source Oracle database.

Answer

AWS CloudFormation with custom resource Lambda functions to run SQL scripts.

Answer

AWS CLI scripts executed in CodeBuild to run SQL commands against the target databases.

Question 4

A company is migrating its on-premises PostgreSQL database to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL. The database is 2 TB in size and has a 24-hour maintenance window on weekends. The company needs to minimize downtime and ensure data consistency. Which strategy should the solutions architect recommend?

Accepted Answer

Use AWS DMS with ongoing replication from the on-premises database to Aurora, then perform a cutover during the maintenance window.. AWS DMS with ongoing replication (change data capture, CDC) allows the on-premises PostgreSQL database to be continuously synchronized with the target Aurora PostgreSQL cluster, minimizing downtime. When the cutover is performed during the 24-hour maintenance window, data consistency is ensured because all changes up to that point have been replicated. This approach avoids the need for a lengthy full database dump and restore, which would cause extended downtime.

Answer

Create an Aurora read replica from the on-premises database using a VPN connection.

Answer

Use AWS Schema Conversion Tool (AWS SCT) to convert the schema and then use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) with full load only.

Answer

Perform a full pg_dump of the on-premises database and restore it to Aurora using pg_restore.

Question 5

A company is using AWS DMS to migrate a SQL Server database to Amazon Redshift. The initial full load completed, but the ongoing replication task failed with the error shown. What is the MOST likely cause?

Accepted Answer

The source SQL Server transaction log has not been backed up or truncated, causing it to become full.. The error indicates that AWS DMS cannot read the source SQL Server transaction log to capture ongoing changes. This typically occurs when the transaction log is full because it has not been backed up or truncated, preventing DMS from reading new log records for continuous replication. DMS relies on the source database's transaction log for CDC (Change Data Capture), and a full log blocks this process.

Answer

The DMS task is not configured to use a task log for troubleshooting.

Answer

The target Redshift table does not have a primary key defined for the DMS task to apply changes.

Answer

The DMS task is using a full LOB mode, which is not supported for Redshift targets.

Question 6

A retail company is migrating its e-commerce platform from a monolith running on a single on-premises server to AWS. The current application consists of a Java-based web server, a MySQL database, and a caching layer using Redis. The company wants to modernize the architecture by adopting microservices, using serverless where possible, and minimizing operational overhead. The migration must be completed within six months with minimal disruption to ongoing operations. The solutions architect proposes the following initial steps: containerize the Java application and run it on Amazon ECS with Fargate, migrate the MySQL database to Amazon Aurora Serverless v2, and replace Redis with Amazon ElastiCache for Redis Serverless. However, the team is concerned about the complexity of the migration and the potential for downtime. Which recommendation should the solutions architect make to address these concerns?

Accepted Answer

Use the Strangler Fig pattern to incrementally replace monolith functionality with microservices, routing traffic to new services as they are built.. The Strangler Fig pattern allows the team to incrementally replace specific functionalities of the monolithic e-commerce platform with microservices, routing traffic to the new services as they are built. This minimizes disruption and downtime by avoiding a big-bang cutover, and it aligns with the goal of modernizing to microservices and serverless within the six-month timeline. The pattern leverages an existing ingress controller (e.g., an Application Load Balancer with path-based routing) to gradually shift requests from the monolith to new services running on Amazon ECS with Fargate, while the database and caching layers are migrated separately with minimal impact.

Answer

Rewrite the entire application as microservices from scratch and deploy them in a new AWS environment. Cut over all traffic at once after testing.

Answer

Use AWS Blue/Green deployment for the monolith to reduce downtime, then migrate to microservices after the deployment is stable.

Answer

Perform a lift-and-shift migration of the monolith to EC2 instances, then gradually refactor into microservices over the next year.

Question 7

Drag and drop the steps to configure an Application Load Balancer with HTTPS listeners in the correct order.

Accepted Answer

1. Obtain an SSL/TLS certificate from ACM, 2. Create a target group, 3. Create an ALB with an HTTPS listener, 4. Register targets with the target group, 5. Update DNS to point to the ALB.. First get the certificate, then create the target group, then the ALB with HTTPS, register targets, and update DNS.

Answer

1. Create an ALB with an HTTPS listener, 2. Create a target group, 3. Obtain an SSL/TLS certificate from ACM, 4. Register targets with the target group, 5. Update DNS to point to the ALB.

Answer

1. Obtain an SSL/TLS certificate from ACM, 2. Create an ALB with an HTTPS listener, 3. Create a target group, 4. Update DNS to point to the ALB, 5. Register targets with the target group.

Answer

1. Create a target group, 2. Register targets with the target group, 3. Obtain an SSL/TLS certificate from ACM, 4. Create an ALB with an HTTPS listener, 5. Update DNS to point to the ALB.

Question 8

Drag and drop the steps to configure an S3 bucket as a static website hosting in the correct order.

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Create an S3 bucket, Step 2: Enable static website hosting, Step 3: Upload website content, Step 4: Set bucket policy for public read access, Step 5: Test the website endpoint.. The correct sequence ensures that the S3 bucket is properly configured for static website hosting. Start by creating the bucket, then enable static hosting, upload your files, apply a bucket policy for public read access, and finally test the website URL.

Answer

Step 1: Create an S3 bucket, Step 2: Upload website content, Step 3: Enable static website hosting, Step 4: Set bucket policy for public read access, Step 5: Test the website endpoint.

Answer

Step 1: Create an S3 bucket, Step 2: Enable static website hosting, Step 3: Set bucket policy for public read access, Step 4: Upload website content, Step 5: Test the website endpoint.

Answer

Step 1: Create an S3 bucket, Step 2: Set bucket policy for public read access, Step 3: Enable static website hosting, Step 4: Upload website content, Step 5: Test the website endpoint.

Question 9

Match each AWS compute service to its use case.

Accepted Answer

Amazon EC2: Full control over virtual servers in the cloud, including OS and software.. The correct matches are: EC2 for full control over virtual servers, Lambda for serverless event-driven code, and ECS for Docker containers. Common confusions include mixing up serverless features with EC2.

Answer

Amazon EC2: Run code without provisioning or managing servers, event-driven execution.

Question 10

Match each AWS networking concept to its definition.

Accepted Answer

VPC: A virtual network dedicated to your AWS account.. A VPC is a logically isolated virtual network. Subnets are subdivisions of the VPC. An Internet Gateway provides internet access to public subnets, while a NAT Gateway provides outbound internet access to private subnets. Security Groups control instance-level traffic.

Answer

VPC: A service that provides a dedicated physical network for your account.

Answer

Internet Gateway: Allows instances in a private subnet to access the internet.

Question 11

A company is migrating a monolithic application to AWS. The application currently runs on a single on-premises server and uses a MySQL database. The company wants to minimize changes to the application code during migration. Which migration strategy should the company use?

Accepted Answer

Rehost the application on Amazon EC2 and migrate the database to Amazon RDS.. Rehosting (lift-and-shift) involves moving applications to AWS with minimal changes, which fits the requirement to minimize code changes. Option A is wrong because refactoring requires code changes. Option C is wrong because replatforming involves some optimizations. Option D is wrong because repurchasing replaces the application with a SaaS product.

Answer

Refactor the application to use microservices and Amazon RDS.

Answer

Replatform the application to use AWS Elastic Beanstalk and Amazon Aurora.

Answer

Repurchase the application by adopting a SaaS solution.

Question 12

A company is migrating a critical workload to AWS and needs to ensure business continuity. The workload runs on a single EC2 instance with a 500 GB EBS volume. The company requires a Recovery Time Objective (RTO) of 2 hours and a Recovery Point Objective (RPO) of 15 minutes. Which solution meets these requirements with the least operational overhead?

Accepted Answer

Use Amazon EBS snapshots with a 15-minute frequency and automate recovery with AWS Backup.. EBS snapshots can be taken every 15 minutes to meet the RPO, and restoring from a snapshot can meet the 2-hour RTO. AWS Backup automates the snapshot schedule and recovery, minimizing operational overhead. Option A is incorrect because creating AMIs every 15 minutes is impractical and would not meet the RTO efficiently. Option B is incorrect because RDS Multi-AZ is designed for database workloads, not general EC2 instances. Option D is incorrect because AWS Elastic Disaster Recovery introduces higher complexity and cost compared to the simpler snapshot-based approach for a single-instance workload.

Answer

Create an AMI of the instance every 15 minutes and launch a new instance from the latest AMI in case of failure.

Answer

Deploy the workload on Amazon RDS Multi-AZ and enable automatic failover.

Answer

Use AWS Elastic Disaster Recovery to continuously replicate the EC2 instance to another Region.

Question 13

A company is migrating a legacy .NET application to AWS. The application uses Windows authentication and integrates with on-premises Active Directory. The company wants to use AWS Managed Microsoft AD to reduce administrative overhead. However, after migration, the application fails to authenticate users. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

The application is using NTLM authentication, which is not supported by AWS Managed Microsoft AD without a trust relationship.. The application likely uses NTLM or Kerberos authentication, which requires proper trust relationships between the AWS Managed Microsoft AD and the on-premises AD. Option A is wrong because security groups do not affect authentication protocols. Option B is wrong because AWS Managed Microsoft AD supports LDAP. Option C is wrong because DNS resolution is not the root cause.

Answer

The security group for the application servers does not allow inbound traffic on port 389.

Answer

AWS Managed Microsoft AD does not support LDAP queries.

Answer

The application is not configured to use the correct DNS servers for the AWS Managed Microsoft AD domain.

Question 14

A company is migrating a large-scale data warehouse from on-premises to Amazon Redshift. The current on-premises solution uses a proprietary columnar storage format. The company needs to minimize data transformation effort. Which approach should the company take?

Accepted Answer

Use AWS Glue to convert the proprietary format to Apache Parquet and load into Amazon Redshift.. AWS Glue can crawl the proprietary columnar storage format and convert it to Apache Parquet, a columnar format efficiently loaded into Amazon Redshift via COPY from S3, minimizing data transformation effort. Option A is incorrect because the COPY command cannot directly load from on-premises storage; data must first be staged in Amazon S3 in a supported format. Option C is incorrect because AWS DMS is designed for migrating relational databases, not proprietary file formats. Option D is incorrect because Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose is for streaming real-time data, not batch migration of existing large-scale data.

Answer

Use the Amazon Redshift COPY command to load data directly from the on-premises storage.

Answer

Use AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) to migrate the data directly to Redshift.

Answer

Use Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose to stream the data to Redshift.

Question 15

A company is migrating a web application to AWS and wants to use a containerized architecture. The application consists of multiple microservices that communicate via REST APIs. The company needs a solution that minimizes operational overhead for managing containers and orchestrating microservices. Which AWS service should the company use?

Accepted Answer

Amazon ECS with AWS Fargate launch type.. Amazon ECS with the Fargate launch type is the correct choice because it allows you to run containers without managing the underlying servers or cluster, thus minimizing operational overhead. Fargate is a serverless compute engine for containers, perfectly suited for microservices requiring minimal management. Option A (EKS with managed node groups) still requires management of worker nodes and is more complex. Option B (Lambda) is for functions, not containerized microservices. Option C (EC2 with Docker) involves significant operational overhead for managing instances and Docker.

Answer

Amazon EKS with managed node groups.

Answer

AWS Lambda functions for each microservice.

Answer

Amazon EC2 with Docker installed on each instance.