SAP-C02 Accelerate Workload Migration and Modernization Practice Test 2 — 15 Questions

Question 1

A company is migrating a large on-premises Oracle database to Amazon RDS for Oracle. The database is 2 TB in size and has a 24/7 uptime requirement. The company plans to use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) for continuous replication with minimal downtime. The source database is Oracle 11g running on Linux. During the full load phase, AWS DMS reports high latency and the replication slows down significantly. The source database CPU utilization is at 100% during the migration. The company needs to minimize the impact on production workload. What should the company do to improve the migration performance and reduce impact on the source database?

Choose an answer to begin — your selection is scored in the full session.

Accepted Answer

Set up an Oracle read replica and use it as the source for AWS DMS. Using a read replica as the source for AWS DMS offloads the load from the primary database, reducing impact on production. Option A (using CDC only) still requires an initial full load to synchronize the target, so it does not address the full load bottleneck. Option B (increasing the DMS replication instance size) may not help if the source database itself is the bottleneck, as indicated by the 100% CPU usage. Option C (reducing parallel load threads) would decrease source CPU usage but would also slow down the migration, prolonging the window of impact; a read replica is a better solution.

Answer

Use AWS DMS change data capture (CDC) only, without full load, to reduce the load

Answer

Increase the size of the DMS replication instance to handle more load

Answer

Reduce the number of parallel load threads in the DMS task to decrease source CPU usage

Question 2

A company is migrating a stateful application that maintains session state in memory on a single server. The migration target is a highly available architecture on AWS. Which design should be used to preserve session state without modifying the application?

Accepted Answer

Use an Application Load Balancer with sticky sessions.. Using an Application Load Balancer with sticky sessions ensures that requests from a user are sent to the same target, preserving the in-memory session state without requiring any application code changes. Option A (DynamoDB) would require modifying the application to store and retrieve session data from the database. Option C (Network Load Balancer with cross-zone load balancing) does not provide session affinity, so requests may be distributed across different instances, breaking session state. Option D (ElastiCache) also requires code changes to read and write session data to the cache.

Answer

Use Amazon DynamoDB to store session state.

Answer

Use a Network Load Balancer with cross-zone load balancing.

Answer

Use Amazon ElastiCache to store session state externally.

Question 3

A company is migrating a legacy on-premises web application to AWS. The application consists of a stateless web tier and a stateful application tier that stores session data in memory. The company wants to achieve high availability and elasticity. The migration must minimize code changes. The solutions architect proposes using an Application Load Balancer (ALB) with sticky sessions and an Auto Scaling group for the web tier. For the application tier, they plan to use an ALB with sticky sessions and an Auto Scaling group. During testing, users report that they are unexpectedly logged out and lose session data. The application logs show that requests from the same user are being sent to different instances. Which change should the solutions architect make to resolve this issue?

Accepted Answer

Verify that the ALB stickiness configuration is enabled and the cookie duration is appropriate.. Sticky sessions rely on the ALB cookie. If the cookie is not set or the duration is too short, the load balancer cannot maintain session affinity. Checking the ALB stickiness configuration ensures that the duration and cookie settings are correct. Option A is wrong because disabling sticky sessions and using NLB would not solve the problem; NLB does not support application-level stickiness without code changes. Option B is wrong because migrating session state to ElastiCache would require significant code changes, which the company wants to minimize. Option D is wrong because cross-zone load balancing does not affect session stickiness.

Answer

Disable sticky sessions and use a Network Load Balancer instead.

Answer

Migrate session state to Amazon ElastiCache for Redis.

Answer

Disable cross-zone load balancing on the ALB.

Question 4

A company wants to migrate a legacy monolithic application to AWS with minimal changes. The application currently runs on a single on-premises server with a Microsoft SQL Server database. The company wants to use AWS managed services to reduce operational overhead. Which combination of services should the company use to meet these requirements?

Accepted Answer

AWS Application Migration Service (MGN) to Amazon EC2, and AWS DMS to Amazon RDS for SQL Server. AWS Application Migration Service (MGN) enables lift-and-shift migration of the on-premises server to Amazon EC2 with minimal changes, while AWS DMS can migrate the Microsoft SQL Server database to Amazon RDS for SQL Server, a fully managed service that reduces operational overhead. This combination meets the requirement of minimal application changes and leverages AWS managed services for the database.

Answer

AWS Application Migration Service (MGN) to Amazon EC2, and AWS DMS to Amazon DynamoDB

Answer

AWS Server Migration Service (SMS) to Amazon EC2, and AWS DMS to Amazon RDS for SQL Server

Answer

AWS CloudFormation to provision EC2 instances, and AWS DMS to Amazon RDS for SQL Server

Question 5

A company is migrating a large-scale, stateful application to AWS. The application maintains session state in memory on the current on-premises servers. The company needs a solution that preserves session state during migration and minimizes latency for users worldwide. Which strategy should the company use?

Accepted Answer

Use AWS Global Accelerator to gradually shift traffic, and use Amazon ElastiCache for Redis to centralize session state. AWS Global Accelerator allows you to gradually shift traffic from on-premises to AWS using endpoint weights, minimizing disruption during migration. Amazon ElastiCache for Redis provides a centralized, in-memory session store that preserves session state across the migration, ensuring low-latency access for users worldwide by leveraging Global Accelerator's anycast IP and AWS edge locations.

Answer

Use Amazon Route 53 weighted routing to shift traffic to new EC2 instances, and store session state in Amazon S3

Answer

Use AWS CloudFront to cache static content, and use Amazon DynamoDB for session state

Answer

Use AWS Global Accelerator to shift traffic, and deploy AWS WAF to protect the application

Question 6

A company plans to modernize an existing .NET Framework 4.7 application running on Windows Server 2012 R2. The company wants to move to a containerized architecture on AWS with minimal code changes. Which service should the company use to meet these requirements?

Accepted Answer

AWS App2Container (A2C). AWS App2Container (A2C) is specifically designed to containerize existing .NET Framework applications running on Windows Server with minimal code changes. It analyzes the application, generates Docker images, and produces CloudFormation templates for deployment on Amazon ECS or EKS, directly meeting the requirement to modernize a .NET Framework 4.7 application to a containerized architecture without significant refactoring.

Answer

AWS Serverless Application Model (SAM)

Answer

AWS Copilot

Answer

AWS Migration Hub

Question 7

A company is migrating a 10 TB Oracle database to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL. The database is business-critical and must have minimal downtime. The company has set up AWS DMS with ongoing replication from the source. During the migration, the company notices that DMS is failing with an error indicating insufficient memory. What should the company do to resolve this issue and complete the migration?

Accepted Answer

Increase the instance class of the DMS replication instance. AWS DMS replication instances have finite memory allocated to cache changes during ongoing replication (CDC). When the volume of cached changes exceeds the instance's memory, DMS fails with an insufficient memory error. Increasing the instance class of the DMS replication instance (Option B) provides more memory to handle the cache, resolving the error without disrupting the migration.

Answer

Increase the memory on the source Oracle database

Answer

Change the DMS task to use change data capture (CDC) only and skip the full load

Answer

Split the migration into multiple smaller tasks

Question 8

A company is using AWS Migration Hub to track a large-scale migration to AWS. The company wants to automate the replatforming of multiple Windows web servers to Amazon EC2 instances running Amazon Linux 2. The migration must be repeatable and minimize manual intervention. Which AWS service should the company use to achieve this?

Accepted Answer

AWS Application Migration Service (MGN). AWS Application Migration Service (MGN) is the correct choice because it automates the replatforming of Windows web servers to Amazon Linux 2 by continuously replicating source servers, performing automated conversion of the OS and applications, and enabling cutover to target EC2 instances with minimal manual intervention. It supports heterogeneous OS migrations (e.g., Windows to Linux) and provides a repeatable, automated workflow that aligns with the company's requirement for a large-scale, repeatable migration.

Answer

AWS OpsWorks for Chef Automate

Answer

AWS Server Migration Service (SMS)

Answer

AWS CloudFormation templates to provision new EC2 instances and migrate data manually

Question 9

A company is migrating a multi-tier application to AWS and wants to modernize by using containers and serverless technologies. The application consists of a Node.js frontend, a Java backend, and a PostgreSQL database. The company wants to reduce operational overhead and improve scalability. Which TWO strategies should the company use? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Migrate the database to Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL. Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL reduces operational overhead by managing backups, patching, and replication, while providing scalability through read replicas and storage auto-scaling. This aligns with the goal of modernizing the database layer without changing the database engine, avoiding the need to refactor the application to use a NoSQL database like DynamoDB.

Answer

Refactor the Node.js frontend to run on AWS Lambda with Amazon API Gateway

Answer

Migrate the database to Amazon DynamoDB

Answer

Deploy the Java backend on Amazon EC2 with Auto Scaling

Question 10

A company is migrating a monolithic .NET application to AWS. The application uses a SQL Server database with complex stored procedures and tightly coupled components. The migration team wants to minimize refactoring and reduce licensing costs. Which migration strategy should the team use?

Accepted Answer

Rehost the application on Amazon EC2 and the database on EC2 with SQL Server using Bring Your Own License (BYOL).. Rehosting (lift-and-shift) the monolithic .NET application on Amazon EC2 and the SQL Server database on EC2 with BYOL minimizes refactoring effort and reduces licensing costs by leveraging existing SQL Server licenses. This strategy avoids the complexity of rewriting stored procedures or decoupling tightly coupled components, which is critical for a migration focused on speed and cost reduction.

Answer

Refactor the application to .NET Core and use Amazon RDS for MySQL to eliminate Windows licensing.

Answer

Rearchitect the application to microservices and use Amazon DynamoDB for the database.

Answer

Replatform the database to Amazon Aurora with PostgreSQL compatibility to reduce licensing costs.

Question 11

A company is migrating a critical application to AWS and wants to ensure business continuity during the cutover. The migration plan includes a pilot light strategy. Which of the following BEST describes the pilot light pattern?

Accepted Answer

Replicate data to AWS and run a minimal version of the application that can be scaled up during cutover.. The pilot light pattern is a disaster recovery strategy where core data is continuously replicated to AWS, and a minimal version of the application (e.g., a small EC2 instance running the application stack) is kept running. During cutover, this minimal environment is rapidly scaled up to full production capacity. This matches option C, as it describes replicating data and running a minimal version that can be scaled up.

Answer

Take regular backups and restore them in AWS during cutover.

Answer

Run a scaled-down but fully functional version of the environment in AWS at all times.

Answer

Run the application simultaneously in both environments and route traffic to both.

Question 12

A company is migrating a legacy application that uses SOAP web services to AWS. The application currently runs on a single on-premises server. The company wants to minimize changes and reduce operational overhead. Which approach should the company take?

Accepted Answer

Rehost the application on Amazon EC2 using AWS Application Migration Service (MGN).. Rehosting the application on Amazon EC2 using AWS Application Migration Service (MGN) minimizes changes by lifting and shifting the entire on-premises server, including the SOAP web services, to AWS with minimal modification. This approach reduces operational overhead by automating server replication and cutover, avoiding the need to refactor or containerize the application, which aligns with the requirement to minimize changes.

Answer

Refactor the SOAP web services to RESTful APIs and deploy on Amazon API Gateway and AWS Lambda.

Answer

Containerize the application and deploy it on Amazon ECS using Fargate.

Answer

Use AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) to migrate the database and redeploy the application manually.

Question 13

A company is migrating a 5 TB Microsoft SQL Server database to Amazon RDS for SQL Server. The migration must have minimal downtime. The team uses AWS DMS with ongoing replication. During the full load, the task fails with an error indicating that the source server's transaction log is full. What should the team do to resolve this issue?

Accepted Answer

Increase the source server's transaction log size and set the log retention to a higher value.. The error indicates the source transaction log is full during the full load phase of AWS DMS. Increasing the transaction log size and setting a higher log retention value prevents the log from filling up while DMS reads it for ongoing replication. This allows the full load to complete without interruption, addressing the root cause directly.

Answer

Stop the DMS task, take a native backup of the source, restore it to RDS, and then start DMS with ongoing replication.

Answer

Pause the DMS task, create a larger source instance, and restart the task.

Answer

Switch the DMS task to use batch-optimized apply mode.

Question 14

A company is planning to migrate a legacy application to AWS. The application runs on a single server with a monolithic architecture and uses an Oracle database. The migration team wants to reduce licensing costs and improve scalability. Which TWO strategies should the team consider?

Accepted Answer

Replatform the application to use AWS Elastic Beanstalk and Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL.. Replatforming the application to AWS Elastic Beanstalk reduces operational overhead by automating capacity provisioning, load balancing, and scaling, while migrating from Oracle to Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL eliminates Oracle licensing costs and provides a managed database service with built-in high availability and scalability. This approach directly addresses the company's goals of reducing licensing costs and improving scalability without requiring a full application rewrite.

Answer

Refactor the application into microservices and use Amazon DynamoDB for data storage.

Answer

Rehost the application on Amazon EC2 and use Amazon RDS for Oracle with license-included.

Answer

Rehost the application on Amazon EC2 and use Amazon RDS for Oracle with BYOL.

Question 15

A company is migrating a large e-commerce platform to AWS using a lift-and-shift approach. The application consists of a web tier, application tier, and a MySQL database. After migration, users report intermittent slow page loads. The operations team notices high CPU utilization on the application tier instances. Which THREE steps should the team take to address the performance issues?

Accepted Answer

Implement Amazon CloudFront to cache static content and reduce load on the web tier.. Implementing Amazon CloudFront to cache static content offloads requests from the web tier, reducing the number of dynamic requests that reach the application tier. This directly lowers CPU utilization on the application instances by minimizing the processing overhead for repeated static asset deliveries.

Answer

Replace the current application tier instances with larger instance types.

Answer

Move the MySQL database to Amazon RDS for MySQL and enable Multi-AZ deployment.