SAP-C02 Accelerate Workload Migration and Modernization Practice Test 19 — 15 Questions

Question 1

A company is planning to migrate a large-scale Hadoop cluster to Amazon EMR. The cluster currently processes batch jobs using a mix of MapReduce and Spark. The company wants to minimize changes to the existing code and operational processes. Which migration approach should the architect recommend?

Accepted Answer

Rehost the cluster on Amazon EMR using the same MapReduce and Spark configurations. Rehosting the Hadoop cluster on Amazon EMR with the same configuration allows the existing MapReduce and Spark code to run with minimal changes. Refactoring to use only Spark would require code changes. Replatforming to Amazon Redshift would change the architecture. Retiring and using Athena would require significant changes to data storage and queries.

Answer

Refactor all jobs to use only Apache Spark on Amazon EMR

Answer

Retire the cluster and use Amazon Athena for ad-hoc queries

Answer

Replatform the data processing to use Amazon Redshift Spectrum

Question 2

A company is migrating a legacy e-commerce application to AWS. The application includes a web tier, an application tier, and a MySQL database. The company wants to improve scalability and reduce operational overhead. The architect plans to use Amazon RDS for MySQL and refactor the application to use Auto Scaling for the web and application tiers. However, the application currently stores session state locally on the web servers. What should the architect do to address session state management in the new architecture?

Accepted Answer

Use Amazon ElastiCache for Redis to store session state. Using ElastiCache for Redis provides a centralized, scalable session store that works with Auto Scaling. Using sticky sessions (ELB session stickiness) is a workaround but less scalable and not recommended for Auto Scaling. Storing sessions in RDS would add database load. Storing in S3 is not suitable for low-latency session access.

Answer

Store session state in Amazon S3

Answer

Store session state in Amazon RDS for MySQL

Answer

Configure an Application Load Balancer with sticky sessions

Question 3

A company is migrating its on-premises virtual machines (VMs) to AWS. The company has 50 VMs running various operating systems and applications. The architect wants to use a service that automates the replication and conversion of the VMs to Amazon EC2 instances. Which AWS service should the architect use?

Accepted Answer

AWS Application Migration Service (AWS MGN). AWS Application Migration Service (AWS MGN) automatically replicates and converts VMs to EC2. AWS Server Migration Service (SMS) is an older service, but MGN is the recommended service for automated migration. AWS CloudEndure Migration has been rebranded as AWS Application Migration Service. AWS DataSync is for file transfers.

Answer

AWS DataSync

Answer

AWS Server Migration Service (AWS SMS)

Answer

AWS CloudEndure Migration

Question 4

A company is migrating a critical application to AWS. The application requires a relational database with high availability and automated failover. The company wants to use a fully managed database service. Which AWS service should the architect choose?

Accepted Answer

Amazon RDS Multi-AZ. Amazon RDS Multi-AZ provides high availability with automated failover. Amazon Aurora is also fully managed and provides high availability, but the question asks for a relational database service; both RDS and Aurora are valid, but RDS Multi-AZ is a direct fit for the requirement. DynamoDB is NoSQL. RDS Single-AZ does not provide failover. ElastiCache is for caching.

Answer

Amazon ElastiCache

Answer

Amazon DynamoDB

Answer

Amazon RDS Single-AZ

Question 5

A company is migrating a legacy CRM application from a colocation facility to AWS. The application uses a client-server architecture with a thick client installed on employee desktops. The company wants to reduce desktop administration and provide remote access. Which migration approach should the architect recommend?

Accepted Answer

Deploy the thick client on Amazon WorkSpaces and provide access to employees. Using Amazon WorkSpaces allows the thick client to run in a virtual desktop, providing remote access and reducing desktop management. Rehosting the application on EC2 and using a VPN does not address the thick client issue. Refactoring to a web application would require significant development. Retiring the application is not desired.

Answer

Refactor the application into a web application using AWS App Runner

Answer

Rehost the application on Amazon EC2 and provide VPN access to employees

Answer

Retire the application and use a SaaS alternative

Question 6

A company is migrating its on-premises data warehouse to Amazon Redshift. The data warehouse is currently running on a single large server with 10 TB of data. The company wants to minimize downtime and ensure data consistency. Which AWS service should the architect use to perform the migration?

Accepted Answer

AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS). AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) can migrate data from on-premises databases to Amazon Redshift with minimal downtime. AWS Snowball is for offline transfer and would cause more downtime. AWS Glue is for ETL, not direct migration. S3 Transfer Acceleration is for S3 uploads.

Answer

Amazon S3 Transfer Acceleration

Answer

AWS Glue

Answer

AWS Snowball Edge

Question 7

A company is planning a large-scale migration of hundreds of applications to AWS. Which TWO strategies should the architect consider to reduce migration risks?

Accepted Answer

Use a wave-based migration approach with defined groups and dependencies. A pilot migration allows testing the process on a small set of applications. A wave-based approach groups applications for migration and helps manage dependencies. Rolling back all migrations if issues occur is not practical. Migrating all at once increases risk. Using only rehosting may not be optimal for all applications.

Answer

Use only the rehosting strategy for all applications

Answer

Migrate all applications in a single wave to reduce coordination effort

Answer

Roll back all migrations if any application experiences issues

Question 8

A company is migrating a legacy Java application to AWS. The application currently runs on a single on-premises server and uses a MySQL database. The company wants to modernize the application by decoupling components and improving scalability. Which THREE steps should the architect include in the migration plan?

Accepted Answer

Place an Application Load Balancer in front of the application. Moving the database to RDS for MySQL reduces management overhead. Using an ALB to distribute traffic improves scalability. Containerizing the application on ECS/Fargate allows decoupling and auto-scaling. Single large EC2 instance does not improve scalability. Refactoring to microservices in one step is too risky.

Answer

Rewrite the application to use a NoSQL database in a single migration step

Answer

Deploy the application on a single larger EC2 instance

Question 9

A company is migrating its on-premises file server to AWS. The file server contains 5 TB of data and is accessed by hundreds of users. The company wants a fully managed file storage solution that supports SMB protocol. Which TWO AWS services should the architect consider?

Accepted Answer

Amazon FSx for Windows File Server. Amazon FSx for Windows File Server provides fully managed Windows file shares with SMB support. Amazon EFS supports NFS, not SMB. Amazon S3 is object storage, not file storage. AWS Storage Gateway File Gateway provides SMB file shares but is not fully managed (requires gateway appliance). Amazon FSx for Lustre is for high-performance computing, not SMB.

Answer

Amazon FSx for Lustre

Answer

Amazon S3

Answer

Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS)

Question 10

An IAM policy allows a user to start and stop EC2 instances but denies terminating instances under a specific condition. Which action will the policy deny?

Accepted Answer

Terminating an EC2 instance in the eu-west-1 region. The Deny statement applies when the condition "StringNotEquals" is true, meaning the requested region is NOT us-east-1. So terminating an instance in a region other than us-east-1 is denied. Terminating in us-east-1 is allowed (since the condition is not met). Starting and stopping are allowed by the first statement.

Answer

Starting an EC2 instance in the us-west-2 region

Answer

Stopping an EC2 instance in the eu-west-1 region

Answer

Terminating an EC2 instance in the us-east-1 region

Question 11

A CloudFormation stack creation command is run with a parameter. The template.yaml includes a parameter declared as follows:
Parameters:
  InstanceTypeParameter:
    Type: String
    Default: t2.micro
    AllowedValues:
      - t2.micro
      - t2.small
      - t2.medium
The stack creation fails with the error: "Value (t2.nano) for parameter InstanceTypeParameter is invalid. Must be one of: t2.micro, t2.small, t2.medium". What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

The parameter was overridden by a previous stack operation or a different parameter file. The error indicates that the value passed is 't2.nano', but the command shows 't2.micro'. This suggests that the parameter value was overridden elsewhere, perhaps in a different command or a previous stack operation. The command itself is correct. The template defines allowed values. The issue is not a typo in the command, but an override. The most likely cause is that the parameter was passed incorrectly in a prior run or the CLI used a different value.

Answer

The AWS CLI is using a deprecated version

Answer

The template.yaml file was modified after the command was run

Answer

The CLI command had a typo in the parameter value

Question 12

An S3 bucket contains thousands of objects under the 'logs/' prefix. The above AWS CLI command is run to list objects larger than 1000 bytes. The command returns an empty array, but there are known objects larger than 1000 bytes. What is the most likely reason?

Accepted Answer

The command only returns the first 1000 objects due to pagination. The CLI command uses single quotes for the query, which is correct in Linux shells, but the issue is that the `Size` field is a number, and the comparison `Size > 1000` should work. However, the command might be returning an empty array because the bucket has a large number of objects and the API returned only a subset (truncated). The command does not include pagination, so it only returns the first 1000 objects. If the large objects are after the first 1000, they won't appear. Also, the query syntax is correct. The bucket policy or permissions would cause an error, not an empty array.

Answer

The prefix 'logs/' is case-sensitive and should be 'Logs/'

Answer

The command has a syntax error in the JMESPath query

Answer

The bucket policy does not allow listing objects

Question 13

A company plans to migrate a legacy on-premises web application to AWS using the 7 Rs (Rehost, Replatform, etc.). The application has tightly coupled components and unpredictable traffic. The team wants to minimize migration risk and time. Which migration strategy should they use?

Accepted Answer

Rehost (lift-and-shift). Rehost (lift-and-shift) is the fastest and lowest-risk migration strategy because it does not require code changes. It allows the company to move the application as-is to EC2, then refactor later. Option A (Replatform) involves some modifications. Option C (Retire) is for decommissioning. Option D (Repurchase) means replacing with SaaS.

Answer

Replatform

Answer

Repurchase

Answer

Retire

Question 14

A company is migrating a large Oracle database to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL using AWS DMS. The database is 5 TB and has frequent write operations. The migration must have minimal downtime. Which configuration should be used?

Accepted Answer

Use AWS DMS with full load and ongoing replication using CDC. AWS DMS ongoing replication with Change Data Capture (CDC) allows continuous syncing after the full load, minimizing downtime. Option A (only full load) causes downtime during migration. Option B (AWS SCT only) is for schema conversion, not data migration. Option C (AWS DataSync) is for file-based data, not databases.

Answer

Use AWS DataSync for the database files

Answer

Use AWS SCT to convert schema and then copy data manually

Answer

Use AWS DMS with full load only

Question 15

A company is modernizing a monolithic application into microservices on Amazon ECS. They want to decouple services and improve resilience. Which AWS service should they use for asynchronous communication between microservices?

Accepted Answer

Amazon SQS. Amazon SQS provides a fully managed message queue for asynchronous communication, decoupling services. Option A (Amazon SNS) is pub/sub, not point-to-point queue. Option C (Amazon Kinesis) is for streaming data. Option D (Amazon API Gateway) is for synchronous REST APIs.

Answer

Amazon Kinesis Data Streams

Answer

Amazon API Gateway

Answer

Amazon SNS