SAP-C02 Accelerate Workload Migration and Modernization Practice Test 16 — 15 Questions

Question 1

A company plans to migrate 50 on-premises virtual machines (VMs) to AWS. The migration must be completed within 2 weeks. The VMs run various operating systems and have a total data size of 10 TB. The company has a low-bandwidth internet connection (50 Mbps). Which migration approach minimizes the time to transfer the data?

Choose an answer to begin — your selection is scored in the full session.

Accepted Answer

Use AWS Snowball Edge to transfer the VM images physically. AWS Snowball Edge is a physical device that can handle large data transfers over low-bandwidth connections. AWS Application Migration Service relies on network replication, which would be too slow. Direct Connect would require longer setup time. VPN is also network-based and slow.

Answer

Set up an AWS Direct Connect connection to increase bandwidth

Answer

Create a VPN tunnel to AWS and use rsync to copy the data

Answer

Use AWS Application Migration Service to replicate the VMs continuously

Question 2

A company is migrating a critical application to AWS using the 7 Rs migration strategy. The application has a monolithic architecture and runs on a single large on-premises server. The business wants to reduce operational overhead but cannot afford any downtime. Which strategy should the solutions architect recommend?

Accepted Answer

Rehost the application using AWS Application Migration Service. Rehost (lift-and-shift) moves the application as-is to minimize risk and downtime. Replatforming would require changes that could introduce downtime. Refactor/Re-architect would be too invasive. Retire is not applicable as the application is critical.

Answer

Retire the application and replace it with a SaaS solution

Answer

Replatform the application to use AWS managed services

Answer

Refactor / Re-architect the application into microservices

Question 3

A company is migrating an on-premises Oracle database to Amazon RDS for Oracle. The database is 2 TB in size and the company has a 1 Gbps AWS Direct Connect connection. They need to minimize downtime. Which approach should the solutions architect recommend?

Accepted Answer

Use AWS DMS with full load followed by ongoing replication using change data capture (CDC). AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) with change data capture (CDC) allows continuous replication and minimal downtime. Export/import would cause downtime. AWS Schema Conversion Tool (SCT) is for schema conversion, not data migration. Snowball is for offline data transfer and would delay the process.

Answer

Export the database using Oracle Data Pump and import into RDS

Answer

Use AWS Snowball Edge to transfer the database files and then restore to RDS

Answer

Use AWS Schema Conversion Tool to convert the schema and AWS DMS for data migration without CDC

Question 4

A company has a legacy application that runs on Windows Server 2008 R2 on-premises. The application is no longer supported by the vendor, but the company still needs to run it for compliance reasons. They are migrating to AWS and want to minimize changes. What should the solutions architect recommend?

Accepted Answer

Use an Amazon EC2 instance with a Windows Server 2008 R2 BYOL AMI. Using a Windows Server 2008 R2 BYOL AMI allows the company to run the legacy OS without changes. AWS does not provide mainstream support for 2008 R2, but BYOL allows it. Refactoring or replacing the application would require changes. Upgrading the OS might break the application.

Answer

Refactor the application to run on a supported Windows Server version

Answer

Upgrade to Windows Server 2019 and use AWS License Manager

Answer

Replace the application with a SaaS alternative

Question 5

A company is migrating a stateful web application to AWS. The application currently runs on a single on-premises server and uses local storage for session data. The company wants to make the application highly available and scalable. What should the solutions architect do?

Accepted Answer

Migrate session data to Amazon ElastiCache or DynamoDB, then use an Auto Scaling group behind an ALB. Moving session state to ElastiCache or DynamoDB makes the application stateless, enabling Auto Scaling. Sticky sessions on an ALB are a workaround but do not provide full statelessness. Using a larger instance does not provide high availability. Multi-AZ RDS for session data is not ideal for high-frequency session access.

Answer

Store session data in a Multi-AZ Amazon RDS database and use Route 53 with health checks

Answer

Use an Application Load Balancer with sticky sessions and an Auto Scaling group

Answer

Use a larger EC2 instance to handle all traffic and take regular snapshots

Question 6

A company is migrating an on-premises .NET application to AWS. The application uses a SQL Server database with a large number of stored procedures and triggers. The company wants to reduce licensing costs by moving to an open-source database. Which AWS service should the solutions architect use to automate the database conversion?

Accepted Answer

AWS Schema Conversion Tool (SCT). AWS Schema Conversion Tool (SCT) automates the conversion of database schema and code to a target database like PostgreSQL or MySQL. DMS handles data migration, not schema conversion. App2Container is for containerizing applications. CloudEndure is for server migration.

Answer

AWS Database Migration Service (DMS)

Answer

AWS App2Container

Answer

AWS Application Migration Service (CloudEndure)

Question 7

A company is migrating a batch processing workload to AWS. The workload runs daily on a single on-premises server and takes 6 hours to complete. The company wants to reduce processing time and cost. Which approach should the solutions architect recommend?

Accepted Answer

Use AWS Batch to run the workload in parallel on multiple compute resources. AWS Batch can orchestrate parallel processing across multiple EC2 or Fargate resources, reducing time. A single larger instance may not reduce time as much as parallel processing. Lambda has a 15-minute execution limit. Step Functions alone does not provide compute.

Answer

Use AWS Lambda with a 6-hour timeout

Answer

Use AWS Step Functions to orchestrate the workload sequentially

Answer

Use a single larger EC2 instance with more vCPUs

Question 8

A company is migrating a legacy application to AWS. The application currently runs on a single on-premises server with a local MySQL database. The company wants to minimize changes and reduce operational overhead. Which TWO strategies should the solutions architect recommend? (Select TWO.)

Accepted Answer

Replatform the database to Amazon RDS for MySQL. Rehost (lift-and-shift) minimizes changes by moving the application as-is. Replatforming the database to RDS reduces operational overhead by offloading database management. Retire is not applicable. Refactor would require changes. Repurchase involves buying new software.

Answer

Refactor the application to use microservices

Answer

Retire the application

Answer

Repurchase a SaaS alternative

Question 9

A company is migrating a multi-tier e-commerce application to AWS. The application consists of a web tier, an application tier, and a MySQL database tier. The company wants to improve scalability and availability while reducing administrative overhead. Which THREE actions should the solutions architect take? (Select THREE.)

Accepted Answer

Migrate the MySQL database to Amazon RDS Multi-AZ. Using an ALB and Auto Scaling for web tier improves scalability and availability. Migrating to RDS Multi-AZ reduces overhead and provides high availability. ElastiCache for session caching improves performance, but is not the only option for scalability. EFS is for shared file storage, not needed. Using Spot Instances for all tiers may cause interruptions.

Answer

Use Amazon EFS for shared storage between web instances

Answer

Use Spot Instances for all EC2 instances to reduce costs

Question 10

A company is migrating an on-premises data center to AWS. The company has a large amount of data (50 TB) that needs to be transferred quickly. The internet connection is limited to 100 Mbps. Which TWO methods should the solutions architect consider for the initial data transfer? (Select TWO.)

Accepted Answer

Use AWS Snowball Edge devices to ship the data. AWS Snowball Edge is a physical device for offline data transfer, ideal for large datasets (50 TB) over slow networks (100 Mbps). AWS Direct Connect provides a dedicated, high-bandwidth connection that can be provisioned relatively quickly (within days) and offers consistent speeds, making it suitable for the initial transfer. Option D (AWS DataSync over the internet) is not appropriate because it would take approximately 46 days to transfer 50 TB at 100 Mbps, which is not 'quick'. VPN and rsync (A) are also limited by internet bandwidth, and S3 Transfer Acceleration (E) improves performance but does not bypass bandwidth constraints.

Answer

Use a VPN connection and rsync

Answer

Use AWS DataSync to transfer data over the internet

Answer

Use Amazon S3 Transfer Acceleration

Question 11

Refer to the exhibit. A company is migrating an application to AWS and has attached the IAM policy shown to an IAM role. The application runs on an EC2 instance and needs to upload files to an S3 bucket. However, the uploads are failing with an access denied error. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

The IAM policy restricts access based on source IP, but the EC2 instance's public IP is not in the allowed range. The IAM policy explicitly allows s3:PutObject, so option A is incorrect. The resource ARN is correctly formatted as arn:aws:s3:::example-bucket/*, ruling out option B. The policy includes a condition (aws:SourceIp) that restricts access to the IP range 203.0.113.0/24. The EC2 instance's public IP may not fall within this range, causing the access denied error, making option C correct. Option D is incorrect because there is no indication of a bucket policy; the deny is due to the IAM policy's IP restriction.

Answer

The IAM policy does not allow the s3:PutObject action

Answer

The IAM policy uses an incorrect resource ARN

Answer

The S3 bucket policy denies access from the instance

Question 12

Refer to the exhibit. A company is deploying a CloudFormation stack for a web application. The stack creation fails with the error 'The parameter DBPassword is not defined'. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

The DBPassword parameter is not defined in the Parameters section. The template uses !Ref DBPassword, but DBPassword is not defined in the Parameters section of the template. CloudFormation requires parameters to be declared before they can be referenced. The other options are not indicated by the error message.

Answer

The DBPassword parameter is misspelled in the template

Answer

The DBPassword parameter is defined but used in a condition

Answer

The DBPassword parameter is defined but the value is too short

Question 13

A company is migrating a monolithic application to AWS. The application currently runs on a single on-premises server and uses a local MySQL database. To reduce migration risk, the company wants to minimize application code changes. Which AWS service should the company use to migrate the database with minimal application modification?

Accepted Answer

AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS). AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) is the correct choice because it supports homogeneous migrations of MySQL databases with minimal application changes. DMS can migrate data from an on-premises MySQL database to Amazon RDS for MySQL or Amazon Aurora while keeping the application largely unchanged. Option A (Amazon RDS for MySQL) is not a migration service; it is the target database service that requires manual import or use of DMS. Option C (AWS Snowball) is designed for large-scale offline data transfers, not for live database migrations. Option D (Amazon S3) is an object storage service and cannot be used to migrate a relational database directly.

Answer

Amazon RDS for MySQL

Answer

AWS Snowball

Answer

Amazon S3

Question 14

A company is migrating a legacy .NET application to AWS. The application uses Windows authentication and stores session state in-memory. The company wants to minimize code changes and use AWS managed services. Which combination of AWS services should the company use to modernize the application's authentication and session management?

Accepted Answer

AWS Managed Microsoft AD and Amazon ElastiCache for Redis. AWS Managed Microsoft AD allows the application to continue using Windows authentication with minimal code changes, and Amazon ElastiCache for Redis provides a distributed, high-performance session store that can replace in-memory session state. Option A is incorrect because AD Connector only proxies authentication requests to an on-premises Active Directory, not providing a managed AD service, and Amazon RDS is not designed for session storage. Option B is incorrect because Amazon Cognito is intended for external identity federation (e.g., social logins), not Windows authentication. Option C is incorrect because AWS IAM is for managing access to AWS resources, not for application-level Windows authentication.

Answer

AWS Directory Service for Microsoft Active Directory (AD Connector) and Amazon RDS

Answer

Amazon Cognito and Amazon DynamoDB

Answer

AWS IAM and Amazon DynamoDB

Question 15

A company is migrating a 10 TB Oracle database to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL. The migration must have minimal downtime and support ongoing replication. The application uses stored procedures and advanced Oracle features. The company has already set up an AWS DMS replication instance and validated connectivity. However, during the full load, DMS reports errors for certain tables containing LOBs. What is the most likely cause and solution?

Accepted Answer

The LOB mode is set to 'Limited LOB mode' and some LOBs exceed the maximum allowed size. Set LOB mode to 'Full LOB mode'.. AWS DMS uses 'Limited LOB mode' by default for Oracle to Aurora PostgreSQL migrations, which truncates LOBs larger than the allowed size (default 32 KB). When LOBs exceed this limit during full load, DMS reports errors. Setting LOB mode to 'Full LOB mode' bypasses this size restriction, allowing DMS to migrate LOBs of any size. Option A is incorrect because memory issues typically cause performance degradation, not specific LOB errors. Option B is incorrect because storage capacity on the target does not affect LOB loading; Aurora PostgreSQL scales automatically. Option D is incorrect because CDC (Change Data Capture) configuration is for ongoing replication, not for full load of LOBs.

Answer

The DMS replication instance does not have enough memory. Increase the instance size.

Answer

The target Aurora PostgreSQL cluster does not have enough storage. Increase the allocated storage.

Answer

The source database is not configured for change data capture (CDC). Enable supplemental logging.