SAP-C02 Accelerate Workload Migration and Modernization Practice Test 14 — 15 Questions

Question 1

A company is migrating a large-scale data analytics workload from on-premises to AWS. The workload uses Apache Spark to process terabytes of data daily. The company wants to use Amazon EMR for the migration. The current on-premises cluster has 20 nodes, each with 64 vCPUs and 256 GB of RAM. The data is stored in HDFS on the cluster. The company wants to minimize costs while maintaining performance. The data sources are in Amazon S3 and on-premises. The company has set up a dedicated AWS Direct Connect connection. Which EMR configuration should the company use?

Choose an answer to begin — your selection is scored in the full session.

Accepted Answer

Use EMR with EC2 instances of similar size (e.g., r5.8xlarge) and store data in Amazon S3 using EMRFS.. It directly maps the on-premises cluster capacity to equivalent EC2 instances (r5.8xlarge provides 32 vCPUs and 256 GB RAM, so two per node would match the 64 vCPUs and 256 GB RAM). Storing data in S3 via EMRFS eliminates HDFS management and leverages S3 durability and scalability. This configuration minimizes costs by avoiding over-provisioning and using S3 for cost-effective storage, while maintaining performance through Direct Connect for data transfer. Using EMR with similar instance sizes ensures the Spark jobs run efficiently without reconfiguration. Other options introduce unnecessary complexity or higher costs: Option B uses Graviton-based instances which may require code changes, and storing intermediate data on EBS volumes incurs additional costs and management overhead. Option C mixes On-Demand and Spot Instances, which can reduce costs but still requires cluster management and does not align with the goal of minimizing costs while maintaining performance as effectively as option A. Option D uses AWS Glue, which is a fully managed service but may not provide the same level of control or performance for large-scale workloads; it may also be more expensive for sustained high-volume processing compared to EMR with reserved capacity.

Answer

Use EMR with Graviton-based instances and store intermediate data in HDFS on EBS volumes.

Answer

Use EMR with a mix of On-Demand and Spot Instances, and use S3 for all data storage.

Answer

Use AWS Glue to run the Spark jobs with the same resource configuration.

Question 2

A company is migrating a containerized application from on-premises to AWS. The application runs on Kubernetes. The company wants to use Amazon EKS for orchestration. The migration must support high availability across multiple Availability Zones and integrate with AWS services like IAM, VPC, and CloudWatch. The company needs to minimize the operational overhead of managing the Kubernetes control plane. Which EKS configuration should the company use?

Accepted Answer

Use EKS with managed node groups using a mix of On-Demand and Spot Instances across three Availability Zones.. Using EKS with managed node groups reduces operational overhead as AWS manages the node provisioning, scaling, and patching. Deploying across three Availability Zones with a mix of On-Demand and Spot Instances provides high availability and cost optimization. Managed node groups integrate with EC2 Auto Scaling and support diverse instance types, which improves fault tolerance. This configuration meets the requirements for high availability across multiple AZs and integration with AWS services like IAM, VPC, and CloudWatch.

Option B is incorrect because self-managed node groups require manual management of EC2 instances, increasing operational overhead, contrary to the goal of minimizing control plane management.

Option C is incorrect because a single managed node group in one AZ does not provide high availability across multiple AZs.

Option D is incorrect because Fargate launches pods without managing EC2 instances, but it may be less cost-effective for long-running containers and does not support all customizations needed for standard Kubernetes features.

Answer

Use EKS with self-managed node groups using On-Demand instances in two Availability Zones.

Answer

Use EKS with a single managed node group using a single instance type in one Availability Zone.

Answer

Use EKS with Fargate launch type for all pods.

Question 3

A company is migrating a legacy application that uses an Oracle database to AWS. The application is critical and requires high availability with automatic failover. The company wants to use Amazon RDS for Oracle. The database size is 200 GB. The company needs a solution that provides automatic failover to a standby instance in a different Availability Zone with minimal downtime. Which RDS deployment option should the company use?

Accepted Answer

Multi-AZ deployment. Multi-AZ deployment. Multi-AZ deployment for Amazon RDS automatically provisions and maintains a standby replica in a different Availability Zone. In the event of a failure, Amazon RDS automatically fails over to the standby, resulting in minimal downtime. Option A is incorrect because Multi-Region with Read Replicas is designed for read scaling and disaster recovery, not automatic failover with minimal downtime. Option B is incorrect because Single-AZ with Oracle Data Guard requires manual setup and management, and does not provide the same level of automated failover as Multi-AZ. Option C is incorrect because Single-AZ deployment lacks a standby instance; automatic backups do not provide failover capability.

Answer

Multi-Region deployment with Read Replicas

Answer

Single-AZ deployment with Oracle Data Guard

Answer

Single-AZ deployment with automatic backups

Question 4

A company is migrating a legacy monolithic application to AWS. The application has a stateful session layer that uses local disk storage. The migration plan involves rehosting the application on Amazon EC2 instances. What architecture change should the company implement to ensure high availability and stateless application tiers?

Accepted Answer

Use Amazon ElastiCache for session state management.. ElastiCache provides a low-latency, highly available, and scalable in-memory cache that can store session state independently from EC2 instances. This decouples state from compute, enabling stateless application tiers that can be auto-scaled and replaced without losing session data. Option A (S3 Transfer Acceleration) is not suitable for frequent, low-latency session reads/writes. Option B (RDS Multi-AZ) is designed for relational databases, not session caching, and would introduce unnecessary overhead. Option D (EBS volumes) ties state to specific instances, preventing high availability and auto-scaling.

Answer

Store session data in Amazon S3 with Transfer Acceleration.

Answer

Use Amazon RDS with Multi-AZ to store session data.

Answer

Attach Amazon EBS volumes to each EC2 instance for session persistence.

Question 5

A company is migrating a 10 TB SQL Server database to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL. The migration must have minimal downtime. The source database is running on-premises with a 1 Gbps network link to AWS. Which strategy should be used to reduce the migration downtime?

Accepted Answer

Use AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) with full load and ongoing replication.. AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) is the correct choice because it combines a full load of the existing data with ongoing replication to capture incremental changes, minimizing downtime. Option A allows the target Aurora database to stay in sync with the source SQL Server until a cutover. Option B (backup/restore) requires significant downtime to take and restore the backup, and does not support ongoing replication. Option C (SCT) only converts the schema and exports data, missing the replication needed for minimal downtime. Option D is incorrect because an Aurora read replica can only be created from another Aurora DB instance, not from an on-premises database.

Answer

Take a full backup of the SQL Server database, upload it to Amazon S3, and restore to Aurora.

Answer

Use AWS Schema Conversion Tool (SCT) to convert the schema, then export data to flat files and upload to S3.

Answer

Create an Amazon Aurora read replica from the on-premises database.

Question 6

A company is migrating a web application to AWS and wants to decouple the frontend and backend tiers to improve scalability. The frontend runs on Amazon EC2 behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The backend processes orders asynchronously. Which service should the company use to decouple the tiers?

Accepted Answer

Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS). For decoupling frontend and backend asynchronously, Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS) is the appropriate service. It allows the frontend to send order messages to a queue, and the backend components poll and process them independently. Option A (Amazon MQ) is a managed message broker for existing protocols like JMS, but SQS is simpler and more scalable for this use case. Option C (Amazon SNS) is a pub/sub service, not designed for point-to-point decoupling with pull-based consumers. Option D (Amazon Kinesis Data Streams) is for real-time streaming data, not for decoupling web tiers.

Answer

Amazon MQ

Answer

Amazon Simple Notification Service (SNS)

Answer

Amazon Kinesis Data Streams

Question 7

A company is migrating an on-premises Hadoop cluster to Amazon EMR. The cluster processes large datasets that are stored on HDFS. The company wants to minimize migration effort and cost. Which storage option should the company use with Amazon EMR?

Accepted Answer

Amazon S3 with EMRFS. Amazon S3 with EMRFS allows EMR to use S3 as a scalable, durable, and cost-effective storage layer, eliminating the need to manage HDFS. Option A is incorrect because EBS volumes require provisioning and management, and do not provide the same scalability and cost benefits. Option C is incorrect because Amazon FSx for HDFS is suitable for workloads requiring HDFS compatibility but is more complex and expensive than using S3. Option D is incorrect because Amazon EFS is a file system, not optimized for Hadoop workloads and typically used for shared file storage.

Answer

Amazon EBS volumes attached to the core nodes

Answer

Amazon FSx for HDFS

Answer

Amazon Elastic File System (EFS)

Question 8

A company is modernizing a .NET Framework application to run on AWS. The application currently uses Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) services. The company wants to minimize code changes and run on Linux. Which approach should the company take?

Accepted Answer

Port the application to .NET Core and deploy on Amazon ECS with Linux containers.. Migrating the .NET Framework application to .NET Core allows it to run on Linux with minimal code changes, as .NET Core is cross-platform. Deploying on Amazon ECS with Linux containers meets the requirement to run on Linux. Option A is incorrect because using AWS App2Container to generate Windows containers would still require Windows, not Linux. Option B is incorrect because rewriting WCF services as AWS Lambda functions would require significant refactoring, not minimal code changes. Option D is incorrect because AWS Fargate is a compute platform, not a framework, and running Windows containers does not satisfy the requirement to run on Linux.

Answer

Use AWS App2Container to generate Windows containers and run on Amazon ECS with Windows.

Answer

Rewrite the WCF services as AWS Lambda functions using a custom runtime.

Answer

Containerize the application using AWS Fargate and run on Windows containers.

Question 9

A company is migrating an on-premises application to AWS. The application requires dedicated hardware for licensing compliance. Which AWS service should the company use to meet this requirement?

Accepted Answer

Amazon EC2 Dedicated Hosts. Amazon EC2 Dedicated Hosts provide physical servers fully dedicated to your use, enabling you to use existing server-bound software licenses that require dedicated hardware. Option A is correct. Option B (Elastic Beanstalk) is a PaaS service and does not provide dedicated hardware. Option C (Reserved Instances) offers a billing discount but does not guarantee dedicated physical servers. Option D (VPC) is a virtual network service and does not provide dedicated hardware.

Answer

AWS Elastic Beanstalk

Answer

Amazon EC2 Reserved Instances

Answer

Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC)

Question 10

A company is migrating a large-scale batch processing system from on-premises to AWS. The system runs millions of short-lived jobs each day. The company wants to minimize operational overhead and cost. Which AWS compute service should the company use?

Accepted Answer

AWS Batch. AWS Batch is specifically designed for batch computing workloads, handling millions of short-lived jobs efficiently by automatically provisioning compute resources and scaling based on job demand. It integrates with Spot Instances to reduce costs. Option A is wrong because EC2 with Spot Fleet requires manual management of instances and scaling, increasing operational overhead. Option B is wrong because ECS with Fargate is optimized for containerized applications, but AWS Batch provides more specialized features for batch job scheduling and cost optimization. Option C is wrong because Lambda has a maximum execution timeout of 15 minutes and is intended for short, event-driven functions, not suitable for batch processing.

Answer

Amazon EC2 with Spot Fleet

Answer

Amazon ECS with AWS Fargate

Answer

AWS Lambda

Question 11

A company is migrating a virtualized workload to AWS. The current environment uses VMware vSphere. The company wants to migrate the virtual machines (VMs) to AWS with minimal changes. Which AWS service should the company use?

Accepted Answer

AWS VM Import/Export. AWS VM Import/Export allows you to import virtual machines from on-premises environments, including VMware vSphere, into Amazon EC2 as AMIs, enabling migration with minimal changes. Option A is wrong because VMware Cloud on AWS is a managed service that runs VMware SDDC on AWS, but it does not directly migrate existing VMs to EC2; it requires the VMs to be moved into the SDDC. Option B is wrong because AWS Application Discovery Service is used for discovery and assessment, not for actual migration. Option C is wrong because AWS Migration Hub provides a central tracking dashboard for migrations but does not perform the migration itself.

Answer

VMware Cloud on AWS

Answer

AWS Migration Hub

Answer

AWS Application Discovery Service

Question 12

A company is migrating a legacy application that uses a proprietary binary protocol for communication. The application communicates over TCP/IP. The company wants to modernize the communication layer to use a RESTful API. Which TWO approaches should the company consider?

Accepted Answer

Use Amazon API Gateway and AWS Lambda to create a REST API that translates requests to the legacy protocol.. Options B and D are correct. Option B: Using Amazon API Gateway and AWS Lambda allows the company to create a REST API that acts as a facade, translating RESTful calls into the legacy binary protocol, enabling gradual modernization without full application rewrite. Option D: Refactoring the application to communicate directly over HTTP and using Amazon API Gateway provides a modern, fully managed RESTful interface, which is the ideal long-term solution. Option A (Amazon MQ) is a message broker and not designed for protocol translation to REST. Option C (AWS App Mesh) is a service mesh for observability and traffic control, not for protocol conversion. Option E (Amazon CloudFront) is a CDN and cannot translate protocols.

Answer

Replace the binary protocol with Amazon MQ.

Answer

Use AWS App Mesh to convert the binary protocol to HTTP.

Answer

Use Amazon CloudFront to cache the RESTful endpoints.

Question 13

A company is migrating a data warehouse from on-premises to Amazon Redshift. The source database is Teradata. The company needs to convert the schema and migrate historical data with minimal downtime. Which THREE services should the company use?

Accepted Answer

AWS Snowball Edge. Options A, D, and E are correct. AWS SCT (D) converts schema and code from Teradata to Redshift. AWS DMS (E) migrates data with ongoing replication to minimize downtime. AWS Snowball Edge (A) can be used for large initial data transfer. Option B (AWS Data Pipeline) is for orchestrating data transfers, not specifically for schema conversion or database migration. Option C (Amazon Kinesis Data Analytics) is for streaming analytics.

Answer

AWS Data Pipeline

Answer

Amazon Kinesis Data Analytics

Question 14

A company is migrating an on-premises application to AWS and wants to implement a continuous integration/continuous delivery (CI/CD) pipeline. Which TWO AWS services should the company use to build the pipeline?

Accepted Answer

AWS CodePipeline. AWS CodePipeline is a fully managed CI/CD service that automates the build, test, and deploy phases. AWS CodeCommit is a managed source control service that hosts Git repositories. Together, they form a robust CI/CD pipeline. AWS Cloud9 is an IDE, not a CI/CD service. AWS CodeArtifact is for artifact management, and Amazon CodeGuru provides code reviews and performance recommendations. Therefore, the correct answers are AWS CodePipeline (B) and AWS CodeCommit (C).

Answer

AWS Cloud9

Answer

AWS CodeArtifact

Answer

Amazon CodeGuru

Question 15

A company is migrating data to Amazon S3 and requires that all objects uploaded to the bucket 'my-bucket' are encrypted with SSE-S3. The above IAM policy is attached to an IAM user. An application using the user's credentials attempts to upload an object without specifying the x-amz-server-side-encryption header. What will happen?

Accepted Answer

The upload fails because the Deny statement denies the request when encryption is not AES256.. The IAM policy includes a Deny statement that denies the upload if the x-amz-server-side-encryption header is not set to AES256. Since the application does not include this header, the Deny condition is triggered and the upload fails. Option A is incorrect because the Deny statement overrides the Allow statement when the condition is met. Option B is incorrect because the scenario only involves an IAM policy, not a bucket policy. Option D is incorrect because the absence of the encryption header means the Deny statement applies, so the upload does not proceed even though SSE-S3 is the default.

Answer

The upload succeeds because the Allow statement grants permission.

Answer

The upload fails because the bucket policy overrides the IAM policy.

Answer

The upload succeeds because the object is encrypted with the default SSE-S3.