Question 220 of 513
1Z0-829 Utilizing Java Object-Oriented Approach Practice Question
Which TWO access modifiers can be applied to a top-level class in Java? (Choose two.)
⚠ Common exam trap
Oracle often tests the misconception that static or protected can be applied to top-level classes, confusing them with modifiers for nested classes or class members, which is a common trap in Java access modifier questions.
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
package-private (no modifier)
In Java, a top-level class can only have two access modifiers: public or package-private (no modifier). Package-private is the default access level when no modifier is specified, allowing the class to be accessible only within its own package. This is defined by the Java Language Specification (JLS §8.1.1).
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
static
Why it's wrong here
Static is not a top-level class modifier.
- ✓
package-private (no modifier)
Why this is correct
Top-level classes can have default access.
- ✗
protected
Why it's wrong here
Protected is only allowed for nested classes.
- ✗
private
Why it's wrong here
Private is only allowed for nested classes.
- ✓
public
Why this is correct
Top-level classes can be public.
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Last reviewed: Jun 30, 2026
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