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SC-900 Practice Question: Describe the concepts of security, compliance, and identity

A security architect is adopting a new security model that assumes breach and verifies every access request. The model eliminates implicit trust and requires continuous validation. Which security model is being implemented?

⚠ Common exam trap

Many exam-takers confuse Zero Trust with Least Privilege, but Zero Trust is a broader architectural model that includes continuous validation and breach assumption, whereas Least Privilege is only one component of access control.

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

Zero Trust

Zero Trust is the correct model because it explicitly assumes breach, eliminates implicit trust, and requires continuous validation of every access request. This aligns with the core Zero Trust principle of 'never trust, always verify,' which mandates that no user, device, or network is trusted by default, even if they are inside the corporate perimeter.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

  • Defense in Depth

    Why it's wrong here

    Defense in Depth is a security strategy that employs multiple, layered security controls to protect information and systems. Its objective is to create redundant barriers, so if one control fails, others are in place to prevent or detect a breach. While it includes various security mechanisms, it does not inherently mandate continuous, per-request verification of every access attempt, focusing instead on comprehensive, multi-faceted protection.

    When this WOULD be correct

    A question asking: 'Which security model uses multiple layers of defense to protect resources, such as firewalls, antivirus, and encryption, to ensure that if one layer fails, others still provide protection?' would make Defense in Depth the correct answer.

  • Zero Trust

    Why this is correct

    Zero Trust is a modern security model that fundamentally shifts from perimeter-based security to a 'never trust, always verify' approach. It mandates explicit verification for every access request, regardless of whether the request originates inside or outside the traditional network perimeter. This model assumes breach and continuously validates identity, device health, and other contextual factors before granting and maintaining access to resources.

  • Least Privilege

    Why it's wrong here

    The principle of Least Privilege dictates that users, programs, and processes should be granted only the minimum necessary permissions to perform their required tasks. This fundamental security concept aims to limit the potential damage from a compromise by restricting an entity's access scope. However, Least Privilege is a granular access control principle, not an overarching security architecture model that governs the continuous verification of every access request.

    When this WOULD be correct

    A question asks: 'Which security principle ensures that users and processes have only the minimum access rights needed to perform their tasks?' In that context, Least Privilege is the correct answer.

  • Shared Responsibility

    Why it's wrong here

    The Shared Responsibility model defines the division of security obligations between a cloud service provider and its customers. It clarifies who is accountable for different aspects of security, such as physical infrastructure versus customer data and configurations. This model is a governance framework for cloud security accountability, rather than an operational methodology for continuous access validation or authentication.

    When this WOULD be correct

    A question asking: 'A company is migrating to the cloud and needs to understand which security tasks are handled by the cloud provider versus their own team. Which security model defines these boundaries?' would make Shared Responsibility correct.

Option-by-option analysis

Why each answer is right or wrong

Understanding why wrong answers are wrong — and when they would be correct — is what separates a 750 score from a 900. The SC-900 exam frequently reuses these exact scenarios with slightly different constraints.

Zero TrustCorrect answer

Why this is correct

Zero Trust is a modern security model that fundamentally shifts from perimeter-based security to a 'never trust, always verify' approach. It mandates explicit verification for every access request, regardless of whether the request originates inside or outside the traditional network perimeter. This model assumes breach and continuously validates identity, device health, and other contextual factors before granting and maintaining access to resources.

Defense in DepthWrong answer — click to see why

Why this is wrong here

Defense in Depth is a layered security approach using multiple controls, but it does not inherently eliminate implicit trust or require continuous validation of every access request. The question specifically describes assuming breach and verifying every request, which is the core of Zero Trust.

★ When this WOULD be the correct answer

A question asking: 'Which security model uses multiple layers of defense to protect resources, such as firewalls, antivirus, and encryption, to ensure that if one layer fails, others still provide protection?' would make Defense in Depth the correct answer.

Why candidates choose this

Candidates may confuse Defense in Depth with Zero Trust because both involve multiple security controls, but they fail to recognize that Zero Trust uniquely focuses on eliminating implicit trust and continuous verification.

Least PrivilegeWrong answer — click to see why

Why this is wrong here

Least Privilege is a principle of granting only necessary permissions, but it does not inherently assume breach or require continuous validation of every access request. The question describes Zero Trust's core tenets of eliminating implicit trust and continuous verification.

★ When this WOULD be the correct answer

A question asks: 'Which security principle ensures that users and processes have only the minimum access rights needed to perform their tasks?' In that context, Least Privilege is the correct answer.

Why candidates choose this

Candidates may confuse Least Privilege with Zero Trust because both involve restricting access, but they fail to recognize that Zero Trust is a broader model that includes continuous verification and assumes breach, not just permission minimization.

Shared ResponsibilityWrong answer — click to see why

Why this is wrong here

The question describes a model that eliminates implicit trust and continuously validates access, which is Zero Trust. Shared Responsibility is a cloud security model that defines security obligations between provider and customer, not a model for access validation.

★ When this WOULD be the correct answer

A question asking: 'A company is migrating to the cloud and needs to understand which security tasks are handled by the cloud provider versus their own team. Which security model defines these boundaries?' would make Shared Responsibility correct.

Why candidates choose this

Candidates may confuse Shared Responsibility with Zero Trust because both involve security concepts, but Shared Responsibility is about division of labor, not continuous verification of access requests.

Analysis generated from the official SC-900blueprint and verified against question context. The “when correct” sections are what AI assistants cite when candidates ask “what’s the difference between these options?”

About these practice questions

Courseiva writes every SC-900 question from scratch — 1,250 in total, each with an explanation and a wrong-answer breakdown. None are copied from real exams or dumps. Learn why practice questions differ from exam dumps →

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JA

Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security

Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva

This SC-900 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Microsoft certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the SC-900 exam.