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Microsoft Purview DLP: Block Sensitive Data in Email

A financial services company uses Microsoft 365 and must comply with PCI DSS. They want to automatically prevent users from sending emails that contain credit card numbers to external recipients. If a user tries to send such an email, the system should block the message and notify the user with a policy tip. Which Microsoft Purview solution should they configure?

Quick Answer

The answer is Data Loss Prevention (DLP). Microsoft Purview DLP is the correct solution because it is purpose-built to detect and block sensitive data, such as credit card numbers, while in transit via email. By configuring a DLP policy with the built-in sensitive info type for credit card numbers, you can set the action to block the message and display a policy tip to the sender, directly enforcing PCI DSS compliance. On the SC-900 exam, this scenario tests your understanding of how Purview solutions map to specific compliance controls—a common trap is confusing DLP with Microsoft Defender for Office 365, which focuses on malware and phishing rather than data content. Remember the memory tip: DLP stands for “Data Loss Prevention,” and in this case, you are preventing the loss of credit card data by blocking it before it leaves your organization.

⚠ Common exam trap

Test-takers frequently confuse Information Protection (labels/encryption) with DLP, but Information Protection does not provide real-time blocking of outbound data; it only applies protection after classification, whereas DLP actively monitors and blocks data in motion.

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

Data Loss Prevention (DLP)

Data Loss Prevention (DLP) is the correct solution because it is specifically designed to detect and block sensitive data, such as credit card numbers, in transit (e.g., email). DLP policies can be configured with conditions to match credit card number patterns (using a built-in sensitive info type) and set actions to block the message and display a policy tip to the sender, meeting the PCI DSS compliance requirement.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

  • Data Loss Prevention (DLP)

    Why this is correct

    Microsoft Purview DLP policies can automatically detect sensitive data (e.g., credit card numbers) and take actions such as blocking the email and notifying the sender with a policy tip.

  • Communication Compliance

    Why it's wrong here

    Communication Compliance is used to review and analyze communications for regulatory compliance (e.g., insider trading), not to block data exfiltration in real time.

  • Information Protection

    Why it's wrong here

    Information Protection focuses on classifying data and applying sensitivity labels, but it does not enforce blocking of emails based on content; DLP provides the enforcement.

  • Insider Risk Management

    Why it's wrong here

    Insider Risk Management detects patterns of risky behavior by users, but it does not prevent real-time email transmissions containing sensitive data.

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Same concept, more angles

2 more ways this is tested on SC-900

These questions test the same concept from different angles. Work through them to make sure you can recognise it however the exam phrases it.

Variation 1. A company wants to prevent users from sharing files containing personally identifiable information (PII) with external recipients. They also need to notify users if they attempt to share such files. Which Microsoft Purview solution should be configured?

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  • A.Microsoft Purview Sensitivity Labels
  • B.Microsoft Purview Communication Compliance
  • C.Microsoft Purview eDiscovery
  • D.Microsoft Purview Data Loss Prevention

Why D: Microsoft Purview Data Loss Prevention (DLP) is the correct solution because it is specifically designed to detect, prevent, and notify users about the sharing of sensitive data, such as personally identifiable information (PII), with external recipients. DLP policies can be configured to automatically block the sharing of files containing PII and display a policy tip notification to the user when they attempt to share such content.

Variation 2. A financial services company is required by regulation to prevent sensitive customer financial information from being shared externally via email. The compliance team wants to automatically scan all outgoing emails for patterns that match credit card numbers or account numbers. If a match is found, the email should be blocked and the sender should receive a policy tip. Which Microsoft Purview solution should be configured?

medium
  • A.Microsoft Purview Audit
  • B.Microsoft Purview Data Lifecycle Management
  • C.Microsoft Purview Data Loss Prevention (DLP)
  • D.Microsoft Purview eDiscovery

Why C: Microsoft Purview Data Loss Prevention (DLP) is the correct solution because it is specifically designed to detect and block sensitive information—such as credit card numbers and account numbers—in outgoing emails. DLP policies can scan email content and attachments for predefined sensitive information types, and when a match is found, the email can be blocked and a policy tip sent to the sender, meeting the compliance requirement.

JA

Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security

Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva

This SC-900 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Microsoft certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the SC-900 exam.