This AZ-400 practice question tests your understanding of develop a security and compliance plan. This is a configuration task: choose the command set that satisfies every stated requirement. Small differences — like 'secret' vs 'password' or 'transport input ssh' vs 'all' — change whether the answer is correct. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
Your team uses GitHub Enterprise with GitHub Actions. Compliance requires that all contributors sign commits with a verified GPG key. You have enabled 'Require signed commits' on the repository. However, a developer reports that their commits are being rejected even though they have configured a GPG key. The error says 'Commit must have a valid signature.' The developer's GPG key is listed in their GitHub account settings. What is the most likely cause?
Clue words in this question
Noticing these words before you look at the options changes how you read each choice.
Clue: "most likely"
Why it matters: Probability qualifier — the question wants the most probable cause or outcome, not a guaranteed one. Eliminate low-probability options.
The developer's GPG key has expired.
Why wrong: No mention of expiration; error indicates invalid signature.
The developer's GPG key is not uploaded to GitHub.
Why wrong: The key is listed, so it is uploaded.
The developer's local Git email does not match the email associated with the GPG key in GitHub.
Email mismatch causes unverified signature.
GitHub only supports S/MIME, not GPG.
Why wrong: GitHub supports GPG.
Answer choices
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
The developer's local Git email does not match the email associated with the GPG key in GitHub.
Option B is correct because GitHub requires the commit to be signed with the GPG key associated with the committer's email. If the email in the git config doesn't match the one in GitHub, the signature is considered unverified. Option A is wrong because SSH keys are not used for commit signing. Option C is wrong because GitHub supports GPG signing. Option D is wrong because the key is already associated.
Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Answer analysis
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
The developer's GPG key has expired.
Why it's wrong here
No mention of expiration; error indicates invalid signature.
The developer's GPG key is not uploaded to GitHub.
Why it's wrong here
The key is listed, so it is uploaded.
The developer's local Git email does not match the email associated with the GPG key in GitHub.
Why this is correct
Email mismatch causes unverified signature.
Clue confirmation
The clue word "most likely" in the question point toward this answer.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
GitHub only supports S/MIME, not GPG.
Why it's wrong here
GitHub supports GPG.
Common exam traps
NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.
Detailed technical explanation
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
Key takeaway
NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Real-world example
A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.
What to study next
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related AZ-400 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
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FAQ
Develop a security and compliance plan — This question tests Develop a security and compliance plan — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..
The correct answer is: The developer's local Git email does not match the email associated with the GPG key in GitHub. — Option B is correct because GitHub requires the commit to be signed with the GPG key associated with the committer's email. If the email in the git config doesn't match the one in GitHub, the signature is considered unverified. Option A is wrong because SSH keys are not used for commit signing. Option C is wrong because GitHub supports GPG signing. Option D is wrong because the key is already associated.
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related AZ-400 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
Yes — watch for: "most likely". Probability qualifier — the question wants the most probable cause or outcome, not a guaranteed one. Eliminate low-probability options.
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
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Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026
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