- A
percentile
Percentile function calculates the specified percentile (e.g., 95th).
- B
summarize
Summarize aggregates the data to compute the percentile.
- C
project
Why wrong: Project is used to select columns, but the question asks for functions to calculate the percentile; summarize and percentile are the key functions. However, project is not required; you can use render or just the result. Actually, the correct three are where, summarize, and percentile. Project is optional. I need to adjust: I'll remove project and add sort? No. Let me correct: The required functions are where, summarize, and percentile. Project is not necessary. I'll change option E to 'render' but that's not needed. I'll stick with where, summarize, percentile as correct. So option E is wrong. I'll mark option E as false and explain.
- D
sort
Why wrong: Sort is not needed for percentile calculation.
- E
where
Where filters data to the last 24 hours.
Quick Answer
The answer is the `where`, `summarize`, and `percentile` functions. This combination works because `where` first filters your Azure Monitor Logs to only the last 24 hours of response time data, `summarize` then groups that filtered dataset, and `percentile` calculates the 95th percentile value within each group, giving you the precise performance threshold you need. On the AZ-305 exam, this tests your ability to construct efficient KQL percentile query functions for real-world monitoring scenarios, often appearing in questions about application performance baselines or SLA compliance. A common trap is forgetting the `where` clause for time filtering, which would include stale data and skew your percentile calculation. Remember the order: filter first with `where`, then aggregate with `summarize` and `percentile`—think of it as “Where, Summarize, Percentile” or simply “WSP” to keep the sequence straight.
AZ-305 Practice Question: Design identity, governance, and monitoring solutions
This AZ-305 practice question tests your understanding of design identity, governance, and monitoring solutions. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
Your organization uses Azure Monitor Logs to analyze application performance. You need to create a custom log query that calculates the 95th percentile of response times for a web app over the last 24 hours. Which THREE KQL functions should you use? (Choose three.)
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
percentile
The `percentile` function in KQL calculates percentile values, such as the 95th percentile, which is essential for analyzing response time distributions. The `summarize` function groups and aggregates data, allowing you to apply `percentile` across the dataset. The `where` function filters the log data to include only records from the last 24 hours, ensuring the query operates on the correct time range.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
percentile
Why this is correct
Percentile function calculates the specified percentile (e.g., 95th).
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✓
summarize
Why this is correct
Summarize aggregates the data to compute the percentile.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✗
project
Why it's wrong here
Project is used to select columns, but the question asks for functions to calculate the percentile; summarize and percentile are the key functions. However, project is not required; you can use render or just the result. Actually, the correct three are where, summarize, and percentile. Project is optional. I need to adjust: I'll remove project and add sort? No. Let me correct: The required functions are where, summarize, and percentile. Project is not necessary. I'll change option E to 'render' but that's not needed. I'll stick with where, summarize, percentile as correct. So option E is wrong. I'll mark option E as false and explain.
- ✗
sort
Why it's wrong here
Sort is not needed for percentile calculation.
- ✓
where
Why this is correct
Where filters data to the last 24 hours.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
The trap here is that candidates often confuse `project` or `sort` with filtering or aggregation functions, mistakenly thinking they can help narrow the data or compute percentiles, when in fact only `where`, `summarize`, and `percentile` perform the required operations.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
The `percentile` function in KQL uses the T-Digest algorithm to approximate percentiles efficiently, which is particularly useful for large datasets where exact calculation would be resource-intensive. When combined with `summarize`, you can group by dimensions like endpoint or region to get per-group percentiles. The `where` clause leverages the `timestamp` column (or a custom time field) to filter data, and Azure Monitor Logs automatically indexes time columns for fast range queries.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A cloud solutions architect for a retail company is evaluating services for a new workload. The correct answer here reflects best practice for the specific scenario described — not a general cloud recommendation. Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option. Cloud exam questions reward reading the constraint carefully: the same technology can be right or wrong depending on the use case.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
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Design identity, governance, and monitoring solutions — study guide chapter
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this AZ-305 question test?
Design identity, governance, and monitoring solutions — This question tests Design identity, governance, and monitoring solutions — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: percentile — The `percentile` function in KQL calculates percentile values, such as the 95th percentile, which is essential for analyzing response time distributions. The `summarize` function groups and aggregates data, allowing you to apply `percentile` across the dataset. The `where` function filters the log data to include only records from the last 24 hours, ensuring the query operates on the correct time range.
What should I do if I get this AZ-305 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Last reviewed: Jun 24, 2026
This AZ-305 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Microsoft certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the AZ-305 exam.
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