AZ-305 Design infrastructure solutions Practice Question
This AZ-305 practice question tests your understanding of design infrastructure solutions. This is a configuration task: choose the command set that satisfies every stated requirement. Small differences — like 'secret' vs 'password' or 'transport input ssh' vs 'all' — change whether the answer is correct. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
Your company has an Azure subscription that contains a hub virtual network and multiple spoke virtual networks connected via VNet peering. You need to ensure that all traffic between spokes is routed through a network virtual appliance (NVA) in the hub. The NVA is configured with IP forwarding enabled. What should you configure in the spoke virtual networks?
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Add route tables to the spoke subnets with a default route (0.0.0.0/0) pointing to the NVA's private IP.
Option A is correct because user-defined routes (UDRs) in the spoke subnets with next hop as the NVA's private IP address force traffic through the NVA. Option B is wrong because BGP alone is not sufficient without route tables. Option C is wrong because VPN gateways are not needed. Option D is wrong because NSGs do not route.
Key principle: Count usable hosts — not total addresses — and remember that the network and broadcast addresses are not available to hosts in standard IPv4 subnets.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
✗
Deploy a VPN gateway in each spoke and configure site-to-site VPNs.
Why it's wrong here
Not required and adds complexity.
✗
Configure NSG rules to block direct spoke-to-spoke traffic.
Why it's wrong here
NSGs do not route traffic; they filter.
✓
Add route tables to the spoke subnets with a default route (0.0.0.0/0) pointing to the NVA's private IP.
Why this is correct
This forces all outbound traffic from spokes to go through the NVA.
BGP does not apply to VNet peering; it is for VPN gateways.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: usable hosts are not the same as total addresses
Subnetting questions often tempt you into counting all addresses. In normal IPv4 subnets, the network and broadcast addresses are not usable host addresses.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
Subnetting questions test whether you can identify the network, broadcast address, usable range, mask and correct subnet. Slow down enough to calculate the block size correctly.
KKey Concepts to Remember
CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
Block size helps identify subnet boundaries.
Network and broadcast addresses are not usable hosts in normal IPv4 subnets.
The required host count determines the smallest suitable subnet.
TExam Day Tips
→Write the block size before choosing the subnet.
→Check whether the question asks for hosts, subnets or a specific address range.
→Do not confuse /24, /25, /26 and /27 host counts.
Key takeaway
Count usable hosts — not total addresses — and remember that the network and broadcast addresses are not available to hosts in standard IPv4 subnets.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A healthcare organisation deploys an application with a public-facing web tier and a private database tier. The database subnet has no public IP and only accepts connections from the web tier's security group. Questions like this test whether you can design cloud network isolation using VNets/VPCs, subnets, and security group rules.
Related glossary terms
Concepts from this question explained
These glossary pages explain the core terms tested in this AZ-305 question in full detail.
Review block sizes, usable host formulas (2^n − 2), and how to find network and broadcast addresses for /24 through /30. Then practise related AZ-305 subnetting questions on CIDR, address ranges, and subnet selection.
Design infrastructure solutions — This question tests Design infrastructure solutions — CIDR notation defines the prefix length..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Add route tables to the spoke subnets with a default route (0.0.0.0/0) pointing to the NVA's private IP. — Option A is correct because user-defined routes (UDRs) in the spoke subnets with next hop as the NVA's private IP address force traffic through the NVA. Option B is wrong because BGP alone is not sufficient without route tables. Option C is wrong because VPN gateways are not needed. Option D is wrong because NSGs do not route.
What should I do if I get this AZ-305 question wrong?
Review block sizes, usable host formulas (2^n − 2), and how to find network and broadcast addresses for /24 through /30. Then practise related AZ-305 subnetting questions on CIDR, address ranges, and subnet selection.
What is the key concept behind this question?
CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
About these practice questions
Courseiva creates original exam-style practice questions with explanations and wrong-answer analysis. It does not publish real exam questions, exam dumps, or protected exam content. Learn why practice questions differ from exam dumps →
Share a tip, memory trick, or ask about the reasoning behind this question. Do not post real exam questions, leaked content, braindumps, or copyrighted exam material. Comments are moderated and may be removed without notice.
This AZ-305 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Microsoft certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the AZ-305 exam.
Question Discussion
Share a tip, memory trick, or ask about the reasoning behind this question. Do not post real exam questions, leaked content, braindumps, or copyrighted exam material. Comments are moderated and may be removed without notice.
Sign in to join the discussion.