LPIC-1 Devices, Filesystems and FHS Practice Question
Exhibit
Exhibit: Output of `df -h` Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/vg_root-lv_root 20G 18G 1.1G 95% / /dev/sda1 487M 112M 348M 25% /boot tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm /dev/mapper/vg_data-lv_data 50G 30G 18G 63% /data
Refer to the exhibit. The root filesystem is nearly full. The administrator needs to increase its size. Which steps should be performed?
⚠ Common exam trap
Many exam-takers assume the root filesystem is on a traditional partition and attempt to resize it with fdisk or parted, failing to recognize that LVM requires a different workflow with lvextend and resize2fs.
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Use lvextend to extend the logical volume and then resize2fs to resize the filesystem
The root filesystem is on an LVM logical volume, as indicated by the exhibit (e.g., /dev/mapper/rootvg-rootlv). To increase its size, you must first extend the logical volume using lvextend, then resize the filesystem with resize2fs. This two-step process ensures the underlying block device and the filesystem are both enlarged to utilize the newly available space.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Use parted to resize the root partition and then mount it
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect: Root is on LVM, not a raw partition. parted cannot resize LVM LVs.
- ✗
Use fdisk to increase the size of /dev/sda1 and then run resize2fs
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect: /dev/sda1 is /boot, not root. Also resizing a partition requires unmounting and may be complex.
- ✓
Use lvextend to extend the logical volume and then resize2fs to resize the filesystem
Why this is correct
Correct: LVM allows online resizing; lvextend extends LV, then resize2fs grows the filesystem.
- ✗
Create a new filesystem on /dev/sda2 and mount it to /
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect: sda2 is not present; also this would overwrite existing data.
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