Question 347 of 504
Cloud Security OperationsmediumMultiple ChoiceObjective-mapped

Quick Answer

The correct answer is to restrict inbound SSH access to only a bastion host’s IP address, generate a new 2048-bit RSA key pair, configure the application to send logs via TLS to a centralized logging service, and enable server-side encryption for the logging bucket. This combination directly remediates SSH open to internet weak key pair vulnerabilities by eliminating the broad 0.0.0.0/0 exposure and replacing the insecure 1024-bit RSA key with a stronger 2048-bit key, all without requiring application downtime. On the CCSP exam, this scenario tests your understanding of secure access controls and cryptographic hygiene for PHI compliance, often appearing as a multi-step remediation question where a common trap is to suggest changing the security group to a different wide range or using a weaker key for speed. Remember the memory tip: “Bastion, Bigger Bits, TLS, and Bucket Encryption” — each element addresses a distinct compliance requirement: access restriction, key strength, transit encryption, and at-rest encryption.

CCSP Cloud Security Operations Practice Question

This CCSP practice question tests your understanding of cloud security operations. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.

A healthcare organization has deployed a cloud-based application that handles protected health information (PHI). The application runs on virtual machines in a virtual private cloud (VPC). The security team has implemented security groups to control traffic to the VMs. Recently, an external penetration test revealed that a web server VM is accessible from the internet on port 22 (SSH) from any IP address (0.0.0.0/0). The security team also discovered that the SSH key pair used for the web server was created with a weak algorithm (1024-bit RSA). The team needs to remediate these issues without causing downtime for the application. Additionally, the application logs must be sent to a centralized logging solution that is encrypted in transit and at rest. Which combination of actions should the security team take?

Question 1mediummultiple choice
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Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

Restrict inbound SSH access to only a bastion host's IP address, generate a new 2048-bit RSA key pair, configure the application to send logs via TLS to a centralized logging service, and enable server-side encryption for the logging bucket.

Option A is correct because it addresses both critical vulnerabilities without downtime: restricting SSH to a bastion host's IP eliminates internet-wide exposure, and generating a new 2048-bit RSA key pair replaces the weak 1024-bit key. For logging, TLS ensures encryption in transit, and server-side encryption for the logging bucket ensures encryption at rest, meeting compliance requirements for PHI.

Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

  • Restrict inbound SSH access to only a bastion host's IP address, generate a new 2048-bit RSA key pair, configure the application to send logs via TLS to a centralized logging service, and enable server-side encryption for the logging bucket.

    Why this is correct

    This fully addresses both vulnerabilities and logging requirements.

    Related concept

    Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.

  • Implement a VPN connection for all administrative access, keep the existing key pair, and use a third-party logging tool with TLS.

    Why it's wrong here

    VPN does not fix the weak key, and the existing key pair remains vulnerable.

  • Change the SSH port to a non-standard port, keep the existing key pair, and enable logging to a cloud storage bucket without encryption.

    Why it's wrong here

    Changing port is not a security fix, and weak key remains; unencrypted logs are not compliant.

  • Disable SSH access entirely and use a serial console for administration, keep the existing key pair, and send logs via plaintext syslog to a logging server.

    Why it's wrong here

    Disabling SSH is impractical, and plaintext logs are insecure.

Common exam traps

Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword

ISC2 often tests the distinction between security by obscurity (e.g., changing ports) and actual security controls (e.g., restricting IPs and using strong keys), leading candidates to pick options that seem quick but fail compliance requirements.

Detailed technical explanation

How to think about this question

1024-bit RSA is considered weak because it can be factored with sufficient computational resources (e.g., using the GNFS algorithm), and NIST deprecated it for use beyond 2013. Security groups in a VPC are stateful firewalls that filter traffic at the instance level; restricting SSH to a bastion host's IP (e.g., 10.0.1.5/32) reduces the attack surface. TLS for log transport (e.g., syslog over TLS per RFC 5425) and server-side encryption (e.g., AES-256 for S3 buckets) are standard for protecting PHI in transit and at rest.

KKey Concepts to Remember

  • Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
  • Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
  • Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.

TExam Day Tips

  • Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
  • Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.

Key takeaway

Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.

Real-world example

How this comes up in practice

A developer is choosing between AES-256 (symmetric) and RSA-2048 (asymmetric) for encrypting a large file that will be sent to a partner. Symmetric encryption is fast but requires key exchange; asymmetric is slower but solves the key distribution problem. A hybrid approach — encrypt the file with AES, encrypt the AES key with RSA — is standard. Questions like this test whether you understand when each approach applies.

What to study next

Got this wrong? Here's your next step.

Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this CCSP question test?

Cloud Security Operations — This question tests Cloud Security Operations — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: Restrict inbound SSH access to only a bastion host's IP address, generate a new 2048-bit RSA key pair, configure the application to send logs via TLS to a centralized logging service, and enable server-side encryption for the logging bucket. — Option A is correct because it addresses both critical vulnerabilities without downtime: restricting SSH to a bastion host's IP eliminates internet-wide exposure, and generating a new 2048-bit RSA key pair replaces the weak 1024-bit key. For logging, TLS ensures encryption in transit, and server-side encryption for the logging bucket ensures encryption at rest, meeting compliance requirements for PHI.

What should I do if I get this CCSP question wrong?

Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.

What is the key concept behind this question?

Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.

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Last reviewed: Jun 30, 2026

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This CCSP practice question is part of Courseiva's free ISC2 certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the CCSP exam.