ISC2 CC Security Principles Practice Question
Which TWO of the following are examples of integrity controls? (Select TWO)
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Digital signatures
Hashing and digital signatures are integrity controls that verify data has not been altered.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Redundancy
Why it's wrong here
Redundancy supports availability.
- ✓
Digital signatures
Why this is correct
Digital signatures ensure integrity and authenticity.
- ✗
Firewalls
Why it's wrong here
Firewalls control network access, not data integrity.
- ✗
Encryption
Why it's wrong here
Encryption provides confidentiality, not integrity.
- ✓
Hashing
Why this is correct
Hashing detects changes to data.
Go deeper
Related to this question
Learn chapter
Risk Management and Security Controls
Key term
Hashing
Hashing is a one-way mathematical function that converts any input data into a fixed-length string of characters, called a hash or digest, which is used to verify data integrity and store passwords securely.
Key term
Integrity
Integrity is the assurance that data has not been altered or tampered with in an unauthorized way, preserving its accuracy and consistency from source to destination.
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JA
Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security
Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva
This CC practice question is part of Courseiva's free ISC2 certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the CC exam.