CISM Information Security Programme Practice Question
Which of the following is a leading indicator of security program effectiveness?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Access review completion rate
Leading indicators measure proactive security posture; access review completion rate indicates how well entitlements are managed.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
Access review completion rate
Why this is correct
Leading indicator showing proactive identity governance.
- ✗
Number of data breaches
Why it's wrong here
Lagging indicator, occurs after the fact.
- ✗
Cost of a data breach
Why it's wrong here
Lagging indicator.
- ✗
Mean time to respond (MTTR)
Why it's wrong here
Lagging indicator of incident response.
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JA
Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security
Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva
This CISM practice question is part of Courseiva's free ISACA certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the CISM exam.