CISA Governance and Management of IT Practice Question
Exhibit
Refer to the exhibit. ``` access-list 101 permit tcp any host 192.168.1.100 eq 80 access-list 101 permit tcp any host 192.168.1.100 eq 443 access-list 101 deny ip any host 192.168.1.100 access-list 101 permit ip any any ```
Based on the exhibit, what is the MOST likely security risk?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Unrestricted traffic is allowed after the specific deny
The 'permit ip any any' at the end allows all traffic, bypassing earlier specific denials. Option A is not correct because the deny line only blocks other traffic, but the permit any any overrides it. Option B is not directly indicated. Option D is a risk but less direct than the rule order issue.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
The web server is fully protected
Why it's wrong here
The final rule allows all traffic, so protection is bypassed.
- ✗
Traffic to port 80 is not encrypted
Why it's wrong here
Encryption is not addressed by ACL.
- ✓
Unrestricted traffic is allowed after the specific deny
Why this is correct
This option accurately highlights a common security misconfiguration in sequential rule processing, typical of firewalls or Access Control Lists. If an exhibit demonstrates a specific deny rule that is subsequently followed by a broader, less restrictive allow rule (e.g., an implicit or explicit 'allow any any'), any traffic not explicitly matched and denied by the preceding specific rule will be permitted. This circumvents the intended denial, creating a significant vulnerability by failing to enforce the principle of least privilege.
- ✗
The host 192.168.1.100 is exposed to denial-of-service attacks
Why it's wrong here
While possible, the immediate risk is the blanket permit rule.
Visual reference
Go deeper
Related to this question
About these practice questions
Courseiva writes every CISA question from scratch — 995 in total, each with an explanation and a wrong-answer breakdown. None are copied from real exams or dumps. Learn why practice questions differ from exam dumps →
JA
Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security
Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva
This CISA practice question is part of Courseiva's free ISACA certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the CISA exam.