- A
Run all tests and scans in a single Cloud Build step and use Cloud Build's built-in approval feature to require a reviewer before pushing to Artifact Registry.
Why wrong: Cloud Build does not have a built-in approval feature; approvals are typically handled in Cloud Deploy.
- B
Run vulnerability scans in the Cloud Build step before building the image, and add a security team member to the project as an editor to approve deployments.
Why wrong: Scanning before build misses vulnerabilities from dependencies; also editor role is too broad for approvals.
- C
Configure Cloud Build triggers only for the main branch. Use Cloud Build to build and push images, then rely on Artifact Registry's automatic Container Analysis scanning. In Cloud Deploy, add a manual approval gate for the production phase.
This meets all requirements: scanning, tests in Cloud Build, and approval in Cloud Deploy.
- D
Use Cloud Build to run tests and scans, then have Cloud Build send a notification to a Cloud Pub/Sub topic that triggers a Cloud Function to approve the deployment.
Why wrong: This bypasses Cloud Deploy's approval mechanism and adds complexity.
PCDOE Building and implementing CI/CD pipelines Practice Question
This PCDOE practice question tests your understanding of building and implementing ci/cd pipelines. Read the scenario carefully and evaluate each option against the stated constraints before committing to an answer. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A multinational corporation has multiple development teams working on microservices deployed to GKE clusters. They want to implement a CI/CD pipeline that ensures every container image is scanned for vulnerabilities, passes unit tests, and gets a security approval before deployment to production. They are using Cloud Build for CI and Cloud Deploy for CD. The current pipeline triggers on code push to any branch. The security team requires that all production deployments be reviewed and approved by the security team. Which set of actions best meets these requirements?
Clue words in this question
Noticing these words before you look at the options changes how you read each choice.
Clue:
"best"Why it matters: Signals that multiple options may be partially correct. Choose the option that most directly solves the exact problem described, not the one that sounds most complete.
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Configure Cloud Build triggers only for the main branch. Use Cloud Build to build and push images, then rely on Artifact Registry's automatic Container Analysis scanning. In Cloud Deploy, add a manual approval gate for the production phase.
Option B is correct: Using Cloud Build triggers only for main branch reduces unnecessary builds; Container Analysis automatically scans images on push to Artifact Registry; Cloud Deploy can incorporate a manual approval step for the production phase. Option A is incorrect because pre-build scanning doesn't catch build-time introduced vulnerabilities. Option C is incorrect because Cloud Build does not natively support manual approvals; that is a CD responsibility. Option D is incorrect because Cloud Build can run tests before scanning, but the approval should be in Cloud Deploy.
Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Run all tests and scans in a single Cloud Build step and use Cloud Build's built-in approval feature to require a reviewer before pushing to Artifact Registry.
Why it's wrong here
Cloud Build does not have a built-in approval feature; approvals are typically handled in Cloud Deploy.
- ✗
Run vulnerability scans in the Cloud Build step before building the image, and add a security team member to the project as an editor to approve deployments.
Why it's wrong here
Scanning before build misses vulnerabilities from dependencies; also editor role is too broad for approvals.
- ✓
Configure Cloud Build triggers only for the main branch. Use Cloud Build to build and push images, then rely on Artifact Registry's automatic Container Analysis scanning. In Cloud Deploy, add a manual approval gate for the production phase.
Why this is correct
This meets all requirements: scanning, tests in Cloud Build, and approval in Cloud Deploy.
Clue confirmation
The clue word "best" in the question point toward this answer.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
- ✗
Use Cloud Build to run tests and scans, then have Cloud Build send a notification to a Cloud Pub/Sub topic that triggers a Cloud Function to approve the deployment.
Why it's wrong here
This bypasses Cloud Deploy's approval mechanism and adds complexity.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: NAT rules depend on direction and matching traffic
NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
- PAT allows many inside hosts to share one public address using ports.
- Inside local and inside global describe the private and translated addresses.
- NAT ACLs identify traffic for translation, not always security filtering.
TExam Day Tips
- Identify inside and outside interfaces first.
- Check whether the scenario needs static NAT, dynamic NAT or PAT.
- Do not confuse NAT matching ACLs with normal packet-filtering intent.
Key takeaway
NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A cloud solutions architect for a retail company is evaluating services for a new workload. The correct answer here reflects best practice for the specific scenario described — not a general cloud recommendation. NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated. Cloud exam questions reward reading the constraint carefully: the same technology can be right or wrong depending on the use case.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related PCDOE NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
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Building and implementing CI/CD pipelines — study guide chapter
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Building and implementing CI/CD pipelines practice questions
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this PCDOE question test?
Building and implementing CI/CD pipelines — This question tests Building and implementing CI/CD pipelines — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Configure Cloud Build triggers only for the main branch. Use Cloud Build to build and push images, then rely on Artifact Registry's automatic Container Analysis scanning. In Cloud Deploy, add a manual approval gate for the production phase. — Option B is correct: Using Cloud Build triggers only for main branch reduces unnecessary builds; Container Analysis automatically scans images on push to Artifact Registry; Cloud Deploy can incorporate a manual approval step for the production phase. Option A is incorrect because pre-build scanning doesn't catch build-time introduced vulnerabilities. Option C is incorrect because Cloud Build does not natively support manual approvals; that is a CD responsibility. Option D is incorrect because Cloud Build can run tests before scanning, but the approval should be in Cloud Deploy.
What should I do if I get this PCDOE question wrong?
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related PCDOE NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
Are there clue words in this question I should notice?
Yes — watch for: "best". Signals that multiple options may be partially correct. Choose the option that most directly solves the exact problem described, not the one that sounds most complete.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
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Last reviewed: Jun 24, 2026
This PCDOE practice question is part of Courseiva's free Google Cloud certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the PCDOE exam.
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