- A
Increase the machine type to use more vCPUs and memory for the build.
Why wrong: Adding more resources may not significantly reduce build time if the bottleneck is dependency installation and lack of caching.
- B
Use Kaniko cache in Cloud Build with a persistent volume claim to cache base layers.
Kaniko's cache stores intermediate layers in a persistent volume, dramatically reducing build time for unchanged dependencies.
- C
Switch to Docker build with --privileged flag and use a local Docker daemon.
Why wrong: Docker builds with privileged mode are slower due to lack of caching across builds and require Docker-in-Docker.
- D
Reduce the number of steps in the Cloud Build config to a single step that installs and builds everything.
Why wrong: This reduces parallelization and may not improve caching; it could make the build slower and less maintainable.
PCDOE Building and implementing CI/CD pipelines Practice Question
This PCDOE practice question tests your understanding of building and implementing ci/cd pipelines. Read the scenario carefully and evaluate each option against the stated constraints before committing to an answer. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A development team is using Cloud Build to build and push Docker images to Artifact Registry. The builds are taking longer than expected, and the team wants to reduce build time and cost. They use a Dockerfile that installs many dependencies. Which approach should they recommend?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Use Kaniko cache in Cloud Build with a persistent volume claim to cache base layers.
Option C is correct because using Kaniko with a persistent cache for base layers leverages cache from previous builds, speeding up builds without requiring privileged mode. Option A increases cost by adding more vCPUs without addressing inefficient caching. Option B uses Docker with privileged mode, which is slower and less secure. Option D reduces parallelism, likely increasing build time.
Key principle: Authentication proves identity; authorization controls what that identity can do after login. Both must work for full privileged access.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Increase the machine type to use more vCPUs and memory for the build.
Why it's wrong here
Adding more resources may not significantly reduce build time if the bottleneck is dependency installation and lack of caching.
- ✓
Use Kaniko cache in Cloud Build with a persistent volume claim to cache base layers.
Why this is correct
Kaniko's cache stores intermediate layers in a persistent volume, dramatically reducing build time for unchanged dependencies.
Related concept
Authentication checks who the user is.
- ✗
Switch to Docker build with --privileged flag and use a local Docker daemon.
Why it's wrong here
Docker builds with privileged mode are slower due to lack of caching across builds and require Docker-in-Docker.
- ✗
Reduce the number of steps in the Cloud Build config to a single step that installs and builds everything.
Why it's wrong here
This reduces parallelization and may not improve caching; it could make the build slower and less maintainable.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: authentication is not authorization
Logging in proves the user can authenticate. It does not automatically mean the user is allowed to enter privileged or configuration mode. Watch for AAA authorization, privilege level and command authorization details.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
This kind of question is testing the difference between identity and permission. A user may successfully log in to a router because authentication is working, but still fail to enter configuration mode because authorization is missing, misconfigured or mapped to a lower privilege level.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Authentication checks who the user is.
- Authorization controls what the user is allowed to do after login.
- Privilege levels affect access to EXEC and configuration commands.
- AAA, TACACS+ and RADIUS can separate login success from command access.
TExam Day Tips
- Do not assume successful login means full administrative access.
- Look for words such as cannot enter configuration mode, privilege level, authorization or command access.
- Separate login problems from permission problems before choosing the answer.
Key takeaway
Authentication proves identity; authorization controls what that identity can do after login. Both must work for full privileged access.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A startup's cloud architect reviews their monthly bill and notices costs are higher than expected for a long-running batch job. Switching from on-demand instances to Reserved Instances — or using Spot/Preemptible VMs — can reduce compute costs by up to 72 %. Questions like this test whether you understand the tradeoffs between commitment, flexibility, and cost across cloud pricing models.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review Cisco AAA concepts — authentication, authorization, and accounting. Study privilege levels (0–15), command authorization under TACACS+, and how RADIUS differs. Then practise related PCDOE questions on access control and AAA configuration.
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Building and implementing CI/CD pipelines — study guide chapter
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this PCDOE question test?
Building and implementing CI/CD pipelines — This question tests Building and implementing CI/CD pipelines — Authentication checks who the user is..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Use Kaniko cache in Cloud Build with a persistent volume claim to cache base layers. — Option C is correct because using Kaniko with a persistent cache for base layers leverages cache from previous builds, speeding up builds without requiring privileged mode. Option A increases cost by adding more vCPUs without addressing inefficient caching. Option B uses Docker with privileged mode, which is slower and less secure. Option D reduces parallelism, likely increasing build time.
What should I do if I get this PCDOE question wrong?
Review Cisco AAA concepts — authentication, authorization, and accounting. Study privilege levels (0–15), command authorization under TACACS+, and how RADIUS differs. Then practise related PCDOE questions on access control and AAA configuration.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Authentication checks who the user is.
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Last reviewed: Jun 24, 2026
This PCDOE practice question is part of Courseiva's free Google Cloud certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the PCDOE exam.
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