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Design for security and compliance →mediumMultiple ChoiceObjective-mapped

Google PCA Design for security and compliance Practice Question

This PCA practice question tests your understanding of design for security and compliance. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.

IAM policy for project my-project:
```json
{
  "bindings": [
    {
      "role": "roles/storage.objectViewer",
      "members": ["user:alice@example.com"]
    },
    {
      "role": "roles/storage.objectAdmin",
      "members": ["user:alice@example.com"]
    }
  ],
  "denyRules": [
    {
      "denialCondition": {
        "expression": "resource.name.startsWith('projects/my-project/buckets/secret-bucket')"
      },
      "members": ["user:alice@example.com"],
      "role": "roles/storage.objectViewer"
    }
  ]
}
```

Alice needs to read objects in the bucket 'secret-bucket'. Based on the IAM policy, what is her effective access?

Question 1mediummultiple choice
Full question →

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.

IAM policy for project my-project:
```json
{
  "bindings": [
    {
      "role": "roles/storage.objectViewer",
      "members": ["user:alice@example.com"]
    },
    {
      "role": "roles/storage.objectAdmin",
      "members": ["user:alice@example.com"]
    }
  ],
  "denyRules": [
    {
      "denialCondition": {
        "expression": "resource.name.startsWith('projects/my-project/buckets/secret-bucket')"
      },
      "members": ["user:alice@example.com"],
      "role": "roles/storage.objectViewer"
    }
  ]
}
```

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

✓

Alice can read objects because objectAdmin grants read access and is not denied.

The deny rule denies objectViewer specifically on secret-bucket, but she also has objectAdmin which overrides (deny does not block other roles). So she can read via objectAdmin. Option B is incorrect because deny rules only remove the specified role. Option C is incorrect because objectAdmin includes read. Option D is incorrect.

Key principle: ACLs process entries top to bottom and stop at the first match. Entry order and interface direction matter as much as the permit or deny statement.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

  • ✗

    Alice cannot read objects because the deny rule overrides all allow bindings.

    Why it's wrong here

    Deny rules only deny the specific role listed.

  • ✗

    Alice can read objects only if she also has objectCreator role.

    Why it's wrong here

    objectAdmin includes read.

  • ✓

    Alice can read objects because objectAdmin grants read access and is not denied.

    Why this is correct

    objectAdmin includes read, and the deny only applies to objectViewer.

    Related concept

    Standard ACLs match source addresses.

  • ✗

    Alice cannot read objects because the deny rule removes objectViewer and she has no other read access.

    Why it's wrong here

    objectAdmin grants read access.

Common exam traps

Common exam trap: ACLs stop at the first match

ACLs are processed top to bottom. The first matching entry wins, and an implicit deny usually exists at the end.

Detailed technical explanation

How to think about this question

ACL questions test precision: source, destination, protocol, port and direction. A generally correct ACL can still fail if it is applied on the wrong interface or in the wrong direction.

KKey Concepts to Remember

  • Standard ACLs match source addresses.
  • Extended ACLs can match source, destination, protocol and ports.
  • The first matching ACL entry is used.
  • There is usually an implicit deny at the end.

TExam Day Tips

  • Check inbound versus outbound direction.
  • Read the ACL from top to bottom.
  • Look for a broader permit or deny above the intended line.

Key takeaway

ACLs process entries top to bottom and stop at the first match. Entry order and interface direction matter as much as the permit or deny statement.

Real-world example

How this comes up in practice

A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.

What to study next

Got this wrong? Here's your next step.

Review ACL processing order, placement rules (standard near destination, extended near source), and inbound vs outbound direction. Study wildcard masks and implicit deny. Then practise related PCA ACL questions on filtering logic and placement.

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this PCA question test?

Design for security and compliance — This question tests Design for security and compliance — Standard ACLs match source addresses..

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: Alice can read objects because objectAdmin grants read access and is not denied. — The deny rule denies objectViewer specifically on secret-bucket, but she also has objectAdmin which overrides (deny does not block other roles). So she can read via objectAdmin. Option B is incorrect because deny rules only remove the specified role. Option C is incorrect because objectAdmin includes read. Option D is incorrect.

What should I do if I get this PCA question wrong?

Review ACL processing order, placement rules (standard near destination, extended near source), and inbound vs outbound direction. Study wildcard masks and implicit deny. Then practise related PCA ACL questions on filtering logic and placement.

What is the key concept behind this question?

Standard ACLs match source addresses.

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Last reviewed: Jun 24, 2026

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This PCA practice question is part of Courseiva's free Google Cloud certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the PCA exam.