Courseiva
Enterprise Firewall and VDOMsmediumMultiple SelectObjective-mapped

NSE7 TCP State Transition Practice Question

A FortiGate administrator is troubleshooting slow network performance. The administrator runs the command 'diagnose sys session filter dst 10.0.0.1' and sees many sessions in a 'proto_state=0a' state. What does this state indicate?

⚠ Common exam trap

Candidates may assume that the hex value 0x0a corresponds to TIME_WAIT or other states, but it specifically indicates FIN_WAIT_2. Confusing the hexadecimal value with decimal or misremembering the state mapping is a common pitfall.

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

The session is in FIN_WAIT_2 state

In FortiOS session diagnostics, the 'proto_state' field displays a hexadecimal value representing the TCP state. The value 0x0a (decimal 10) corresponds to the TCP FIN_WAIT_2 state. TIME_WAIT corresponds to 0x0b, not 0x0a. Therefore, the session is in FIN_WAIT_2 state. An excessive number of sessions in FIN_WAIT_2 may indicate that remote peers are not properly closing connections.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

  • The session has been reset

    Why it's wrong here

    Incorrect. A reset session is indicated by a different state (e.g., CLOSE or RST), not by proto_state=0a.

  • The session is in FIN_WAIT_2 state

    Why this is correct

    Correct. proto_state=0x0a (decimal 10) maps to TCP FIN_WAIT_2 state, a normal part of TCP teardown.

  • The session is in TIME_WAIT state

    Why it's wrong here

    Incorrect. TIME_WAIT corresponds to proto_state 0x0b, not 0x0a. 0x0a is specifically FIN_WAIT_2.

  • The session is actively transferring data

    Why it's wrong here

    Incorrect. Active data transfer is indicated by the ESTABLISHED state (0x01), not by 0a.

  • The session is in SYN_RECEIVED state

    Why it's wrong here

    Incorrect. SYN_RECEIVED is a state during connection establishment (0x05), not during teardown.

Visual reference

Client Server SYN (seq=100) SYN-ACK (seq=200, ack=101) ACK (ack=201) Connection established — data transfer begins

About these practice questions

Courseiva writes every NSE7 question from scratch — 940 in total, each with an explanation and a wrong-answer breakdown. None are copied from real exams or dumps. Learn why practice questions differ from exam dumps →

How Courseiva writes practice questions · Editorial policy

JA

Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security

Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva

This NSE7 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Fortinet certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the NSE7 exam.