CEH Network and Web Application Attacks Practice Question
This CEH practice question tests your understanding of network and web application attacks. Read the scenario carefully and evaluate each option against the stated constraints before committing to an answer. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
Exhibit
nmap -sV -p 80,443,3306 192.168.1.100
Starting Nmap 7.80 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2023-01-20 10:30
Nmap scan report for 192.168.1.100
Host is up (0.0012s latency).
PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION
80/tcp open http Apache httpd 2.4.49
443/tcp open ssl/http Apache httpd 2.4.49
3306/tcp open mysql MySQL 5.7.35
Refer to the exhibit. An analyst runs an Nmap scan and finds these services. Which known vulnerability is most likely to be successfully exploited?
Clue words in this question
Noticing these words before you look at the options changes how you read each choice.
Clue: "most likely"
Why it matters: Probability qualifier — the question wants the most probable cause or outcome, not a guaranteed one. Eliminate low-probability options.
nmap -sV -p 80,443,3306 192.168.1.100
Starting Nmap 7.80 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2023-01-20 10:30
Nmap scan report for 192.168.1.100
Host is up (0.0012s latency).
PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION
80/tcp open http Apache httpd 2.4.49
443/tcp open ssl/http Apache httpd 2.4.49
3306/tcp open mysql MySQL 5.7.35
A
CVE-2021-41773 (Apache Path Traversal)
Apache 2.4.49 is vulnerable to CVE-2021-41773, a path traversal and remote code execution vulnerability.
B
CVE-2017-5638 (Struts2 RCE)
Why wrong: Struts2 vulnerability is for Java applications, not Apache HTTPD.
C
CVE-2014-0160 (Heartbleed)
Why wrong: Heartbleed affects OpenSSL, not Apache version 2.4.49 specifically.
D
CVE-2020-1472 (Zerologon)
Why wrong: Zerologon affects Windows Netlogon, not Linux Apache or MySQL.
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
CVE-2021-41773 (Apache Path Traversal)
Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
✓
CVE-2021-41773 (Apache Path Traversal)
Why this is correct
Apache 2.4.49 is vulnerable to CVE-2021-41773, a path traversal and remote code execution vulnerability.
Clue confirmation
The clue word "most likely" in the question point toward this answer.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
✗
CVE-2017-5638 (Struts2 RCE)
Why it's wrong here
Struts2 vulnerability is for Java applications, not Apache HTTPD.
✗
CVE-2014-0160 (Heartbleed)
Why it's wrong here
Heartbleed affects OpenSSL, not Apache version 2.4.49 specifically.
✗
CVE-2020-1472 (Zerologon)
Why it's wrong here
Zerologon affects Windows Netlogon, not Linux Apache or MySQL.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: NAT rules depend on direction and matching traffic
NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
KKey Concepts to Remember
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
PAT allows many inside hosts to share one public address using ports.
Inside local and inside global describe the private and translated addresses.
NAT ACLs identify traffic for translation, not always security filtering.
TExam Day Tips
→Identify inside and outside interfaces first.
→Check whether the scenario needs static NAT, dynamic NAT or PAT.
→Do not confuse NAT matching ACLs with normal packet-filtering intent.
Key takeaway
NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A small business has 20 workstations on the 192.168.1.0/24 network and one public IP from its ISP. The router uses PAT (NAT overload) so all 20 devices share one public address using different source ports. NAT questions test whether you understand the four address terms and which direction each translation applies.
Related glossary terms
Concepts from this question explained
These glossary pages explain the core terms tested in this CEH question in full detail.
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related CEH NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
Network and Web Application Attacks — This question tests Network and Web Application Attacks — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: CVE-2021-41773 (Apache Path Traversal)
What should I do if I get this CEH question wrong?
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related CEH NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
Are there clue words in this question I should notice?
Yes — watch for: "most likely". Probability qualifier — the question wants the most probable cause or outcome, not a guaranteed one. Eliminate low-probability options.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
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