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CV0-004 Practice Question: Which TWO of the following are common…
Which TWO of the following are common vulnerabilities in cloud environments that can lead to unauthorized access? Select two.
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Lack of encryption for data in transit
Options B and E are correct because lack of encryption for data in transit exposes sensitive data to interception, and misconfigured security groups allowing overly permissive inbound rules can grant unauthorized access. Options A, C, and D are security best practices that help prevent vulnerabilities.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Enabling automatic patching
Why it's wrong here
Automatic patching closes known software flaws, eliminating the unpatched-system vulnerability instead of introducing it. It is tempting because unpatched cloud workloads are commonly exploited, so patching surfaces in vulnerability discussions, but enabling it is the control that prevents exposure, not a vulnerability.
- ✓
Lack of encryption for data in transit
Why this is correct
Unencrypted data in transit can be intercepted or manipulated on the network, enabling credential theft and session hijacking that grant unauthorised access. This satisfies the vulnerability criterion because cloud traffic traverses shared infrastructure and public networks, where absence of TLS leaves authentication tokens and payloads readable to attackers.
- ✗
Using multi-factor authentication
Why it's wrong here
Multi-factor authentication strengthens identity verification, removing the credential-theft path that enables unauthorised access. It is tempting because weak authentication is a genuine cloud vulnerability, so authentication features appear in such lists, yet enabling MFA is the remediation rather than the weakness itself.
- ✗
Properly scoped IAM roles
Why it's wrong here
Properly scoped IAM roles enforce least privilege, closing the over-permissive-role vulnerability rather than creating one. It is tempting because misconfigured IAM roles genuinely cause breaches, so IAM appears in vulnerability discussions, but scoping them correctly is the mitigation, not the exposure.
- ✓
Misconfigured security groups allowing overly permissive inbound rules
Why this is correct
Overly permissive inbound rules expose management ports and services directly to the internet, bypassing network segmentation. This misconfiguration is a leading cloud vulnerability because security groups act as the primary instance-level firewall, so any wildcard source or unnecessary open port enables unauthorised access without exploiting software flaws.
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JA
Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security
Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva
This CV0-004 practice question is part of Courseiva's free CompTIA certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the CV0-004 exam.