This CV0-004 practice question tests your understanding of security. The scenario asks you to isolate a root cause — eliminate options that address a different problem before choosing. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
Exhibit
Refer to the exhibit.
```
[user@bastion ~]$ gcloud compute instances list --format="value(name,zone,status)"
web-server-1 us-central1-a RUNNING
web-server-2 us-central1-b RUNNING
db-server us-central1-a RUNNING
[user@bastion ~]$ gcloud compute ssh web-server-1 --command="sudo systemctl status nginx"
● nginx.service - A high performance web server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Mon 2024-03-14 10:23:45 UTC; 1h 30min ago
[user@bastion ~]$ gcloud compute firewall-rules list --filter="allowed=('tcp:22')"
NAME NETWORK DIRECTION PRIORITY ALLOW DENY DISABLED
allow-ssh default INGRESS 1000 tcp:22 False
[user@bastion ~]$ gcloud compute firewall-rules describe allow-ssh
allowed:
- IPProtocol: tcp
ports:
- '22'
sourceRanges:
- 0.0.0.0/0
```
A cloud engineer runs the commands shown in the exhibit. Based on the output, which security issue is present?
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
The firewall rule allows SSH access from any source IP.
Option B is correct because the firewall rule allow-ssh allows SSH (tcp:22) from all IP addresses (0.0.0.0/0), which is a security risk. Option A is wrong because the bastion host is separate. Option C is wrong because there is only one rule shown. Option D is wrong because the instances are running normally.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
✗
The bastion host is not used for SSH access.
Why it's wrong here
The exhibit shows a bastion host is being used, but the firewall rule still allows direct SSH from anywhere.
✗
The web servers are not running.
Why it's wrong here
The status shows they are running.
✓
The firewall rule allows SSH access from any source IP.
Why this is correct
The sourceRanges is 0.0.0.0/0, meaning all IPs can SSH into the instances.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
✗
There are too many firewall rules allowing SSH.
Why it's wrong here
Only one rule is shown, not too many.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
Many certification questions include familiar terms but test a specific constraint. Read the exact wording before choosing an answer that is generally true but wrong for this case.
Trap categories for this question
Command / output trap
The exhibit shows a bastion host is being used, but the firewall rule still allows direct SSH from anywhere.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
This question should be treated as a scenario, not a definition check. Identify the problem, the constraint and the best action. Then compare each option against those facts.
KKey Concepts to Remember
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
Use explanations to understand the rule behind the answer.
TExam Day Tips
→Underline the problem statement mentally.
→Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
→Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A practitioner preparing for the CV0-004 exam encounters this exact type of scenario on the job. The correct answer here is not the most general option — it is the best answer for the specific constraint described. Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option. Real exam questions reward reading the full scenario before eliminating options, because the constraint defines which answer fits.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Identify which CV0-004 exam domain this question belongs to, then review the specific concept being tested. Practise related questions in that domain and focus on understanding why each wrong answer is tempting — not just why the correct answer is right.
Security — This question tests Security — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: The firewall rule allows SSH access from any source IP. — Option B is correct because the firewall rule allow-ssh allows SSH (tcp:22) from all IP addresses (0.0.0.0/0), which is a security risk. Option A is wrong because the bastion host is separate. Option C is wrong because there is only one rule shown. Option D is wrong because the instances are running normally.
What should I do if I get this CV0-004 question wrong?
Identify which CV0-004 exam domain this question belongs to, then review the specific concept being tested. Practise related questions in that domain and focus on understanding why each wrong answer is tempting — not just why the correct answer is right.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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