CAS-004 Governance, Risk and Compliance Practice Question
This CAS-004 practice question tests your understanding of governance, risk and compliance. Read the scenario carefully and evaluate each option against the stated constraints before committing to an answer. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A security analyst at a large enterprise notices that several servers have missing security patches that are critical. The patch management process requires approval from the change advisory board (CAB) which meets weekly. The next meeting is in three days, but the vulnerability is being actively exploited. What should the analyst do?
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Implement temporary compensating controls until the CAB approves.
C is correct. Implementing compensating controls reduces immediate risk while awaiting formal approval. Immediate patching bypasses change control and may cause instability. Waiting is too slow. Leaving decision to owners abdicates responsibility.
Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
✓
Implement temporary compensating controls until the CAB approves.
Why this is correct
Compensating controls mitigate risk while following the change management process.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
✗
Apply the patches immediately without waiting for CAB approval.
Why it's wrong here
Bypassing change control can lead to operational issues and is against policy.
✗
Notify the system owners and leave the decision to them.
Why it's wrong here
Notifying is insufficient; the analyst should take proactive steps.
✗
Document the issue and wait for the CAB meeting.
Why it's wrong here
Waiting three days while the vulnerability is exploited is unacceptable.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: NAT rules depend on direction and matching traffic
NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
KKey Concepts to Remember
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
PAT allows many inside hosts to share one public address using ports.
Inside local and inside global describe the private and translated addresses.
NAT ACLs identify traffic for translation, not always security filtering.
TExam Day Tips
→Identify inside and outside interfaces first.
→Check whether the scenario needs static NAT, dynamic NAT or PAT.
→Do not confuse NAT matching ACLs with normal packet-filtering intent.
Key takeaway
NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A small business has 20 workstations on the 192.168.1.0/24 network and one public IP from its ISP. The router uses PAT (NAT overload) so all 20 devices share one public address using different source ports. NAT questions test whether you understand the four address terms and which direction each translation applies.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related CAS-004 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
Governance, Risk and Compliance — This question tests Governance, Risk and Compliance — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Implement temporary compensating controls until the CAB approves. — C is correct. Implementing compensating controls reduces immediate risk while awaiting formal approval. Immediate patching bypasses change control and may cause instability. Waiting is too slow. Leaving decision to owners abdicates responsibility.
What should I do if I get this CAS-004 question wrong?
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related CAS-004 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
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Question Discussion
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