hardMultiple SelectObjective-mapped
300-410 Practice Question: Which THREE statements about MPLS label…
Which THREE statements about MPLS label operations (push, swap, pop) are true? (Choose THREE.)
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
The ingress LSR performs a label push operation.
In MPLS, the ingress LSR pushes a label, transit LSRs swap labels, and the penultimate hop router (PHP) pops the label. The egress LSR does not perform label operations if PHP is used. Label operations are based on the label forwarding table, not the routing table directly.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
The ingress LSR performs a label push operation.
Why this is correct
The ingress LSR adds a label to an unlabeled IP packet to begin MPLS forwarding.
- ✓
The transit LSR performs a label swap operation.
Why this is correct
A transit LSR replaces the incoming label with an outgoing label based on the forwarding table.
- ✗
The egress LSR always performs a label pop operation.
Why it's wrong here
If PHP is used, the penultimate hop router pops the label, and the egress LSR receives an unlabeled packet. The egress LSR may pop only if it is also the penultimate hop.
- ✓
The penultimate hop router (PHP) performs a label pop operation.
Why this is correct
PHP pops the label before forwarding the packet to the egress LSR, reducing the egress LSR's workload.
- ✗
Label operations are determined by the IP routing table.
Why it's wrong here
Label operations are determined by the MPLS forwarding table (LFIB), not directly by the IP routing table, though the LFIB is built based on routing information.
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Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security
Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva
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