Question 359 of 2,152

Network Logging and Syslog →hardMultiple ChoiceObjective-mapped

300-410 Network Logging and Syslog Practice Question

This 300-410 practice question tests your understanding of network logging and syslog. Examine the command output carefully: the correct answer depends on what the output actually shows, not on general recall alone. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.

In an iBGP network, router R1 has:

router bgp 65000

bgp bestpath as-path multipath-relax

neighbor 10.1.1.2 route-map SET-MED in

route-map SET-MED permit 10 set metric 50

neighbor 10.1.1.3 route-map SET-MED2 in

route-map SET-MED2 permit 10 set metric 100

Router R2 shows:
R2# show ip bgp 192.168.1.0/24

BGP routing table entry for 192.168.1.0/24, version 2 Paths: (2 available, best #2) Path #1: via 10.1.1.1, metric 50 Path #2: via 10.1.1.4, metric 100

R2# show ip route 192.168.1.0

Routing entry for 192.168.1.0/24 Known via "bgp 65000", distance 200, metric 100 Last update from 10.1.1.4 00:00:10 Serial0/0/1 R2 is choosing the path with higher metric. What is the root cause?

Clue words in this question

Noticing these words before you look at the options changes how you read each choice.

Clue: "best"
Why it matters: Signals that multiple options may be partially correct. Choose the option that most directly solves the exact problem described, not the one that sounds most complete.

Question 1hardmultiple choice

Open the full BGP breakdown →

A
The path with lower MED is from a different AS, so MED is not compared.
MED is only compared between paths from the same AS. The path via 10.1.1.1 might have a different AS_PATH.
B
The route-map on R1 is misconfigured; it should set metric on the neighbor statement.
Why wrong: Route-maps applied inbound are correct for setting MED.
C
R2 has a higher local preference for the path via 10.1.1.4.
Why wrong: Local preference is not shown; the output indicates metric is the only difference.
D
The 'bgp bestpath as-path multipath-relax' command causes MED to be ignored.
Why wrong: This command only affects multipath, not MED comparison.

Full breakdown with real-world context →

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

✓

The path with lower MED is from a different AS, so MED is not compared.

BGP best path selection compares MED only if paths come from the same AS. If the paths have different AS_PATH lengths, MED is ignored. The output shows two paths, but the path via 10.1.1.1 might have a different AS_PATH length. The 'bgp bestpath as-path multipath-relax' allows multipath but does not affect MED comparison. The higher metric path is chosen due to a different tie-breaker (e.g., lower neighbor IP).

Key principle: OSPF neighbour adjacency depends on matching area, hello/dead timers, network type, and authentication — IP reachability alone is not enough.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

✓
The path with lower MED is from a different AS, so MED is not compared.
Why this is correct
MED is only compared between paths from the same AS. The path via 10.1.1.1 might have a different AS_PATH.
Clue confirmation
The clue word "best" in the question point toward this answer.
Related concept
OSPF neighbours must agree on key parameters.
✗
The route-map on R1 is misconfigured; it should set metric on the neighbor statement.
Why it's wrong here
Route-maps applied inbound are correct for setting MED.
✗
R2 has a higher local preference for the path via 10.1.1.4.
Why it's wrong here
Local preference is not shown; the output indicates metric is the only difference.
✗
The 'bgp bestpath as-path multipath-relax' command causes MED to be ignored.
Why it's wrong here
This command only affects multipath, not MED comparison.

Common exam traps

Common exam trap: OSPF can fail even when IP connectivity looks correct

OSPF neighbour formation depends on matching areas, timers, network type, authentication and passive-interface behaviour. Do not choose an answer only because the devices can ping.

Trap categories for this question

Command / output trap
Local preference is not shown; the output indicates metric is the only difference.

Detailed technical explanation

How to think about this question

OSPF questions usually test the details that control adjacency and route selection. Read the neighbour state, area, router ID and interface configuration before deciding what is wrong.

KKey Concepts to Remember

OSPF neighbours must agree on key parameters.
Router ID selection can affect neighbour relationships and LSDB output.
OSPF cost influences the preferred path.
A route can appear in OSPF information but not become the installed route.

TExam Day Tips

Check area mismatch first when OSPF adjacency fails.
Review passive interfaces when a network is advertised but no neighbour forms.
Use show ip ospf neighbor and show ip route clues carefully.

Key takeaway

OSPF neighbour adjacency depends on matching area, hello/dead timers, network type, and authentication — IP reachability alone is not enough.

Real-world example

How this comes up in practice

A network engineer at a university connects two campus buildings via a fibre link. Both routers run OSPF, but no adjacency forms — even though both routers can ping each other. The engineer finds one router is in area 0 and the other in area 1. OSPF adjacency requires matching area numbers, hello/dead timers, and network type. IP reachability alone is not enough.

What to study next

Got this wrong? Here's your next step.

Review OSPF neighbour requirements — matching area type, hello and dead timers, network type, stub flags, and authentication. Study show ip ospf neighbor states (INIT, 2-WAY, FULL). Then practise related 300-410 OSPF questions on adjacency and route selection.

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this 300-410 question test?

Network Logging and Syslog — This question tests Network Logging and Syslog — OSPF neighbours must agree on key parameters..

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: The path with lower MED is from a different AS, so MED is not compared. — BGP best path selection compares MED only if paths come from the same AS. If the paths have different AS_PATH lengths, MED is ignored. The output shows two paths, but the path via 10.1.1.1 might have a different AS_PATH length. The 'bgp bestpath as-path multipath-relax' allows multipath but does not affect MED comparison. The higher metric path is chosen due to a different tie-breaker (e.g., lower neighbor IP).

What should I do if I get this 300-410 question wrong?

Are there clue words in this question I should notice?

Yes — watch for: "best". Signals that multiple options may be partially correct. Choose the option that most directly solves the exact problem described, not the one that sounds most complete.

What is the key concept behind this question?

OSPF neighbours must agree on key parameters.

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Last reviewed: Jun 18, 2026

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