300-410 Network Logging and Syslog Practice Question
This 300-410 practice question tests your understanding of network logging and syslog. The scenario asks you to isolate a root cause — eliminate options that address a different problem before choosing. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
Router R1 has an ACL applied to its VTY lines for SSH access:
access-list 10 permit 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
line vty 0 4
access-class 10 in
transport input ssh
R1 also has CoPP policy:
class-map match-all SSH-CLASS
match access-group name SSH-ACL
policy-map COPP
class SSH-CLASS
police cir 8000 bc 1500
conform-action transmit
exceed-action drop
R2 (10.1.1.2) shows:
R2# ssh -l admin 10.2.2.1
% Connection refused by remote host
R2# telnet 10.2.2.1
Trying 10.2.2.1 ...
% Connection timed out; remote host not responding
What is the root cause?
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
The CoPP policy is rate-limiting SSH traffic from R2, causing drops.
The ACL on VTY lines permits only 10.1.1.0/24, but the SSH connection from R2 (10.1.1.2) should be allowed. However, the CoPP policy is rate-limiting SSH traffic to 8000 bps. If the police rate is exceeded, packets are dropped. The SSH connection might be failing due to CoPP dropping the packets. The telnet is also failing because it is not permitted by the access-class (only SSH is allowed). The root cause is CoPP rate-limiting SSH traffic, causing drops.
Key principle: ACLs process entries top to bottom and stop at the first match. Entry order and interface direction matter as much as the permit or deny statement.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
✓
The CoPP policy is rate-limiting SSH traffic from R2, causing drops.
Why this is correct
The police rate of 8000 bps is too low, causing exceed-action drop for SSH packets.
Related concept
Standard ACLs match source addresses.
✗
The access-class on VTY lines blocks R2's IP address.
The SSH-ACL in the class-map does not match SSH traffic.
Why it's wrong here
The class-map matches SSH traffic; the issue is rate-limiting.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: ACLs stop at the first match
ACLs are processed top to bottom. The first matching entry wins, and an implicit deny usually exists at the end.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
ACL questions test precision: source, destination, protocol, port and direction. A generally correct ACL can still fail if it is applied on the wrong interface or in the wrong direction.
KKey Concepts to Remember
Standard ACLs match source addresses.
Extended ACLs can match source, destination, protocol and ports.
The first matching ACL entry is used.
There is usually an implicit deny at the end.
TExam Day Tips
→Check inbound versus outbound direction.
→Read the ACL from top to bottom.
→Look for a broader permit or deny above the intended line.
Key takeaway
ACLs process entries top to bottom and stop at the first match. Entry order and interface direction matter as much as the permit or deny statement.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A security administrator must allow nursing staff to reach a patient records server while blocking access from the guest Wi-Fi VLAN. After applying an extended ACL, traffic is still blocked from nursing workstations. The ACL was applied outbound instead of inbound on the wrong interface. Questions like this test ACL direction and placement rules.
Related glossary terms
Concepts from this question explained
These glossary pages explain the core terms tested in this 300-410 question in full detail.
Review ACL processing order, placement rules (standard near destination, extended near source), and inbound vs outbound direction. Study wildcard masks and implicit deny. Then practise related 300-410 ACL questions on filtering logic and placement.
Network Logging and Syslog — This question tests Network Logging and Syslog — Standard ACLs match source addresses..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: The CoPP policy is rate-limiting SSH traffic from R2, causing drops. — The ACL on VTY lines permits only 10.1.1.0/24, but the SSH connection from R2 (10.1.1.2) should be allowed. However, the CoPP policy is rate-limiting SSH traffic to 8000 bps. If the police rate is exceeded, packets are dropped. The SSH connection might be failing due to CoPP dropping the packets. The telnet is also failing because it is not permitted by the access-class (only SSH is allowed). The root cause is CoPP rate-limiting SSH traffic, causing drops.
What should I do if I get this 300-410 question wrong?
Review ACL processing order, placement rules (standard near destination, extended near source), and inbound vs outbound direction. Study wildcard masks and implicit deny. Then practise related 300-410 ACL questions on filtering logic and placement.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Standard ACLs match source addresses.
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