Quick Answer
The answer is a permitted ICMP packet. This is correct because the log entry contains the keyword 'permit' alongside protocol number 1, which is the assigned number for ICMP in the IP protocol suite, and the specific ICMP type 8 and code 0 identify it as an echo request. On the Cisco CyberOps Associate 200-201 exam, interpreting security logs like this tests your ability to map raw ACL or firewall log fields—such as action, protocol, and ICMP type/code—to real network events, a skill critical for incident analysis. A common trap is mistaking the ICMP type 8 for a denial or an attack, but the 'permit' action clearly shows the packet was allowed through. Remember the mnemonic: "Permit protocol 1, type 8, code 0—that’s a ping let through."
This 200-201 practice question tests your understanding of security concepts. Read the scenario carefully and evaluate each option against the stated constraints before committing to an answer. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
Mar 1 2025 12:35:00: %SEC-5-IPACCESSLOG: list 101 permitted icmp 10.0.0.1 -> 192.168.1.1
Refer to the exhibit. What does this log entry indicate?
Mar 1 2025 12:35:00: %SEC-5-IPACCESSLOG: list 101 permitted icmp 10.0.0.1 -> 192.168.1.1
A denied TCP packet
Why wrong: The log is for ICMP, not TCP, and it's permitted.
A permitted UDP packet
Why wrong: The log specifies ICMP, not UDP.
A permitted ICMP packet
The log explicitly states 'permitted icmp'.
A denied ICMP packet
Why wrong: The log says 'permitted', not denied.
Answer choices
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
A permitted ICMP packet
The log entry shows an ICMP packet with a permit action, as indicated by the 'permit' keyword and the protocol number 1 (ICMP). The source and destination IP addresses, along with the ICMP type and code, confirm it is an ICMP echo request (type 8, code 0). Therefore, this is a permitted ICMP packet.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
A denied TCP packet
A permitted UDP packet
A permitted ICMP packet
Why this is correct
The log explicitly states 'permitted icmp'.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
A denied ICMP packet
Why it's wrong here
The log says 'permitted', not denied.
Common exam traps
Cisco often tests the ability to distinguish between protocol numbers (TCP=6, UDP=17, ICMP=1) and to correctly interpret the 'permit' or 'deny' action in log entries, leading candidates to confuse the protocol or the action.
Detailed technical explanation
ICMP is defined in RFC 792 and uses protocol number 1 in the IP header. The log entry includes ICMP type 8 (Echo Request) and code 0, which is commonly used by the 'ping' utility. In Cisco ASA or IOS firewall logs, the 'permit' action indicates the packet was allowed through the access control list (ACL) or security policy, and the 'hitcnt' shows the number of times this rule has been matched.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
A small business has 20 workstations on the 192.168.1.0/24 network and one public IP from its ISP. The router uses PAT (NAT overload) so all 20 devices share one public address using different source ports. NAT questions test whether you understand the four address terms and which direction each translation applies.
What to study next
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FAQ
Security Concepts — This question tests Security Concepts — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
The correct answer is: A permitted ICMP packet — The log entry shows an ICMP packet with a permit action, as indicated by the 'permit' keyword and the protocol number 1 (ICMP). The source and destination IP addresses, along with the ICMP type and code, confirm it is an ICMP echo request (type 8, code 0). Therefore, this is a permitted ICMP packet.
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Last reviewed: Jun 25, 2026
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