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CCNA Infrastructure And Design Questions

39 questions · Infrastructure And Design · All types, answers revealed

1
Multi-Selectmedium

Which TWO of the following are valid methods for providing high availability for IP phones in a CUCM design?

Select 2 answers
A.Configuring multiple TFTP servers in Option 150
B.IP address redundancy via DHCP
C.SRST deployment
D.Load balancing via round-robin
E.CUCM Group configuration
AnswersC, E

Ensures functionality during central node or WAN loss.

Why this answer

CUCM Groups (primary/secondary) and SRST (for WAN outage survivability) are the two primary methods for ensuring phone availability.

2
MCQhard

A collaboration designer must ensure that inter-cluster calls between two CUCM clusters remain secure. Which mechanism must be implemented to ensure media remains encrypted from end to end?

A.Disable SIP inspection on the firewalls.
B.Configure a VPN between the two clusters.
C.Ensure SRTP is enabled on the SIP Trunk Security Profile.
D.Enable MTP (Media Termination Point) for all calls.
AnswerC

SRTP is required on the trunk security profile to support encrypted media.

Why this answer

SRTP must be used across the SIP inter-cluster trunk to ensure the media stream is encrypted between endpoints in different clusters.

3
MCQeasy

Which network condition is the most significant contributor to poor voice quality in a VoIP environment?

A.Low CPU usage on the router
B.Static IP addresses
C.Jitter
D.High bandwidth usage
AnswerC

Jitter causes audio gaps and garbled sounds that jitter buffers struggle to correct.

Why this answer

Jitter, packet loss, and latency are the three main contributors to poor voice quality, but jitter (variation in packet arrival) is often the most difficult to resolve once it reaches the end device.

4
MCQeasy

In the context of collaboration design, what is the purpose of the 'Location' in CUCM?

A.Defining physical building layouts
B.Device registration grouping
C.Call Admission Control
D.TFTP file distribution
AnswerC

Locations enforce bandwidth limits.

Why this answer

Locations are used for Call Admission Control (CAC) to limit the bandwidth consumed by calls traversing a specific path.

5
MCQmedium

When designing for high availability of Cisco Unified Communications Manager (CUCM) services, which specific configuration ensures that a secondary node takes over call processing if the primary node fails?

A.Configure a CUCM Group in the Device Pool with multiple servers.
B.Set the 'Call Processing Load' value in the System settings.
C.Enable Auto-registration for all phones.
D.Configure the cluster-wide failover parameter in the Service Parameter page.
AnswerA

The Group determines the primary and secondary registration order for phones.

Why this answer

The Device Pool and the associated Cisco Unified Communications Manager Group define which servers a device registers with and in what order.

6
MCQmedium

You are implementing Quality of Service (QoS) for a Cisco IP Phone. Which mechanism ensures that the phone's traffic is tagged correctly even if the user connects a PC to the phone's auxiliary port?

A.Use an ACL to match PC MAC addresses.
B.Enable Auto-QoS on the switch port.
C.Configure switchport voice vlan on the switch interface.
D.Assign a static IP to the PC.
AnswerC

This separates voice traffic into a specific VLAN for priority handling.

Why this answer

The 'switchport voice vlan' command on the access switch port allows the phone to use a dedicated voice VLAN while the PC uses the data VLAN.

7
MCQmedium

You have a CUCM cluster with high utilization. Which parameter, when adjusted, helps mitigate the load on the TFTP service during a large-scale phone deployment?

A.Keepalive Interval
B.TFTP File Load Factor
C.Max Phone Registrations
D.Registration Timeout
AnswerB

This parameter controls the load on the TFTP service during bursts of requests.

Why this answer

Setting the 'Enable Caching of Signed Files' and 'TFTP File Load Factor' helps optimize the TFTP server's ability to serve requests without overloading.

8
MCQmedium

Which design principle must be followed when implementing a centralized call processing deployment with remote branch offices connected via a WAN?

A.Enable SRST on the local branch gateway to handle call processing during a WAN outage.
B.Deploy a dedicated CUCM node in every branch office.
C.Configure H.323 gateways at each site to communicate directly with all remote phones.
D.Use RSVP to guarantee bandwidth across the WAN for signaling.
AnswerA

SRST provides local call control when the WAN link to the central CUCM cluster is lost.

Why this answer

When the WAN link fails, Survivable Remote Site Telephony (SRST) or Cisco Unified SRST is required to keep the phones registered and functional.

9
MCQhard

When designing a secure collaboration network, what is the best practice for handling certificates in a CUCM and Expressway cluster?

A.Use self-signed certificates on all nodes.
B.Disable certificate verification on all endpoints.
C.Use the Publisher as the CA for the entire network.
D.Use a trusted third-party CA for all servers.
AnswerD

Third-party CAs are trusted by all external and internal devices.

Why this answer

Using a trusted, third-party Certificate Authority (CA) ensures that all certificates are valid across both internal and external endpoints without security warnings.

10
MCQmedium

You are designing a Call Admission Control (CAC) policy for a site with limited bandwidth. Which feature should you use to prevent over-subscription of the WAN link?

A.Location-based CAC
B.Quality of Service (QoS)
C.Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP)
D.Gatekeeper-based CAC
AnswerA

Location-based CAC allows administrators to set bandwidth limits for locations.

Why this answer

Location-based CAC in CUCM allows for setting bandwidth limits per site/region, preventing over-subscription.

11
MCQhard

You are designing a high-availability solution for Cisco Expressway. Which element is required to load-balance traffic between multiple Expressway nodes?

A.Cisco CUBE redundancy
B.Cisco UCM Group
C.External Load Balancer
D.DNS Round Robin only
AnswerC

Expressway clustering relies on external balancing for ingress traffic.

Why this answer

An external load balancer is required to distribute incoming traffic across the cluster of Expressway-E nodes.

12
MCQmedium

You are designing a network for video collaboration. What is the recommended maximum one-way latency for high-quality video conferencing?

A.300ms
B.500ms
C.50ms
D.150ms
AnswerD

150ms is the industry-standard threshold for real-time media.

Why this answer

For high-quality, real-time video conferencing, one-way latency must be kept below 150ms to ensure a good user experience.

13
MCQeasy

When deploying Cisco IP phones, what is the best practice for VLAN configuration?

A.Use the default VLAN 1 for all voice and data.
B.Use a dedicated Voice VLAN.
C.Use a separate physical switch for phones.
D.Do not use VLANs; use static routing.
AnswerB

Separating voice from data is a fundamental design best practice.

Why this answer

Phones should be placed in a dedicated Voice VLAN for security and QoS performance reasons.

14
MCQmedium

What is the primary function of the CUBE in a SIP trunking scenario?

A.Call routing for internal phones
B.Demarcation and SIP normalization
C.Voice messaging storage
D.DHCP Server functionality
AnswerB

This is the core function of the CUBE.

Why this answer

The CUBE (Cisco Unified Border Element) acts as a demarcation point between the enterprise network and the service provider, handling SIP normalization, media relay, and security.

15
Multi-Selecthard

Which THREE of the following are necessary to ensure successful NTP deployment in a CUCM cluster?

Select 3 answers
A.Use broadcast mode
B.Configure external Stratum 1 or 2 servers
C.Open UDP 123 on firewalls
D.Enable NTP on the local voice gateway
E.Consistent configuration across all nodes
AnswersB, C, E

Required for reliable time source.

Why this answer

The publisher node must point to external Stratum 1 or 2 servers, subscribers must point to the publisher (or external sources), and firewall ports (UDP 123) must be open.

16
Multi-Selectmedium

Which TWO of the following are essential components of a Cisco network readiness assessment for collaboration?

Select 2 answers
A.Bandwidth capacity analysis
B.Analyzing NTP Stratum levels
C.QoS configuration audit
D.Verifying phone firmware versions
E.Checking IP address assignment
AnswersA, C

Essential to ensure sufficient headroom for voice/video.

Why this answer

Assessing existing bandwidth capacity and ensuring QoS settings are correctly applied are the two primary foundations for a network readiness assessment.

17
MCQeasy

When designing an NTP deployment for a Cisco Collaboration environment, what is the best practice for time synchronization across CUCM nodes?

A.Point all CUCM nodes to the same external NTP stratum 1 or 2 servers.
B.Configure NTP only on the publisher node.
C.Point each CUCM node to a different NTP server for redundancy.
D.Use the publisher as the NTP server for all subscriber nodes.
AnswerA

Consistency is vital to prevent database replication failures.

Why this answer

CUCM nodes must point to the same reliable external Stratum 1 or 2 NTP servers to ensure call logs and security certificates remain synchronized.

18
MCQmedium

You are troubleshooting a registration failure for a remote IP phone. The phone is configured to use an Expressway-E for MRA. Which DNS record is queried by the client to find the Expressway-E cluster?

A._cisco-uds._tcp
B._collab-edge._tls
C._sip._tls
D._tftp._udp
AnswerB

This SRV record is used by external clients to discover the Expressway-E.

Why this answer

The _collab-edge._tls DNS SRV record is the first step in the MRA discovery process to locate the Expressway-E.

19
MCQeasy

Which component in a Cisco Collaboration design is responsible for providing the dial tone and call routing logic for IP phones?

A.Cisco Expressway
B.Cisco Unity Connection
C.Cisco CUBE
D.Cisco Unified Communications Manager
AnswerD

CUCM serves as the call processing agent.

Why this answer

CUCM (Cisco Unified Communications Manager) is the primary call control agent responsible for call processing, routing, and device management.

20
Multi-Selecthard

Which THREE of the following are required DNS records for a successful Cisco MRA (Mobile and Remote Access) deployment?

Select 3 answers
A._https._udp
B._cisco-uds._tcp
C._ftp._tcp
D._collab-edge._tls
E._sip._tls
AnswersB, D, E

Used for clients to find the UDS service on CUCM.

Why this answer

MRA relies on SRV records for discovering the Expressway-E, the Collab-Edge TLS record for discovery, and the UDS service record for user settings.

21
MCQmedium

Which service must be running for a Cisco IP Phone to download its configuration file via TFTP?

A.Cisco CallManager
B.Cisco CTIManager
C.Cisco TFTP
D.Cisco Database Layer Monitor
AnswerC

This service serves files to the endpoints.

Why this answer

The Cisco TFTP service is responsible for providing configuration files and firmware updates to registered devices.

22
MCQhard

When designing for emergency services (E911) in a multisite deployment, what is the best practice for ensuring calls are routed to the correct Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP)?

A.Route all calls to a central office.
B.Implement ELIN-based routing.
C.Use the caller's IP address.
D.Disable emergency routing.
AnswerB

ELIN provides the caller's specific physical location to the PSAP.

Why this answer

Using Location-based routing or ELIN (Emergency Location Identification Number) ensures the PSAP receives the specific physical address of the caller.

23
MCQeasy

In a multisite WAN deployment, which codec should you choose to balance voice quality and bandwidth consumption across a constrained link?

A.G.711
B.G.729
C.AAC-LD
D.G.722
AnswerB

G.729 is highly efficient for bandwidth-constrained WAN links.

Why this answer

G.729 is the standard low-bandwidth codec that provides acceptable voice quality at 8kbps.

24
MCQmedium

A network engineer is deploying Cisco Unified Border Element (CUBE) and must ensure that voice traffic is prioritized correctly across the enterprise network. Which command correctly maps the voice traffic DSCP value to the correct priority queue in a Cisco IOS-XE router?

A.class-map match-any VOICE; match protocol sip; policy-map VOICE-POLICY; class VOICE; queue-limit 100
B.class-map match-all VOICE; match dscp cs4; policy-map VOICE-POLICY; class VOICE; bandwidth 1000
C.class-map match-any VOICE; match dscp ef; policy-map VOICE-POLICY; class VOICE; fair-queue
D.class-map match-any VOICE; match dscp ef; policy-map VOICE-POLICY; class VOICE; priority 1000
AnswerD

This sequence correctly identifies voice traffic and assigns it to the strict priority queue.

Why this answer

The 'priority' command within a policy-map defines the LLQ (Low Latency Queuing) behavior for voice traffic.

25
Multi-Selecthard

Which THREE of the following are recommended steps when designing a secure signaling path between CUCM and a CUBE gateway?

Select 3 answers
A.Install and trust CA certificates
B.Configure a SIP Trunk Security Profile
C.Disable SIP digest authentication
D.Enable TLS on the trunk
E.Enable H.323 Fast Start
AnswersA, B, D

Required for mutual authentication.

Why this answer

Using SIP Trunk Security Profiles, installing the correct CA certificates, and enabling TLS are the three pillars of securing the SIP signaling path.

26
MCQhard

You are managing a Cisco Collaboration cluster and notice that database replication is stuck in a '3' (blocked) state. What is the standard troubleshooting step?

A.utils dbreplication reset
B.utils service restart Cisco Database Layer Monitor
C.utils system restart
D.utils network ping
AnswerA

This command forces a rebuild of the database replication across the cluster.

Why this answer

The 'utils dbreplication runtimestate' command is used to check the health, and 'utils dbreplication reset' is the standard procedure to fix synchronization issues.

27
MCQhard

You are deploying a Cisco Expressway-E in a DMZ. Which port must be opened on the external firewall to allow for H.460.18/19 firewall traversal for H.323 endpoints?

A.1720
B.5061
C.8080
D.443
AnswerA

TCP 1720 is the standard port for H.323 signaling.

Why this answer

Port 1720 is the standard H.323 signaling port used for traversal through the Expressway-E.

28
MCQmedium

In a Cisco collaboration design, you are tasked with identifying the DHCP Option required for Cisco IP Phones to discover the TFTP server address automatically. Which option is standard for this purpose?

A.Option 66
B.Option 128
C.Option 150
D.Option 43
AnswerC

This is the required option for Cisco Unified IP Phone TFTP discovery.

Why this answer

DHCP Option 150 is the standard Cisco-specific option used to provide the IP addresses of the TFTP servers to IP endpoints.

29
MCQmedium

You are designing a solution for a Cisco IP Phone that does not receive an IP address. Which DHCP feature must be enabled on the access switch to forward requests to the DHCP server?

A.802.1X Authentication
B.IP Helper Address
C.Port Security
D.DHCP Snooping
AnswerB

This forwards the DHCP broadcast to the designated server.

Why this answer

DHCP Relay (or IP Helper Address) is required to forward broadcast DHCP requests across VLAN boundaries to a centralized DHCP server.

30
Multi-Selectmedium

Which TWO of the following are common reasons for database replication failure in a CUCM cluster?

Select 2 answers
A.Blocked database replication ports
B.Incorrect IP address in host file
C.High CPU utilization on the publisher
D.Missing TFTP files
E.NTP drift between nodes
AnswersA, E

Replication requires specific TCP ports to be open.

Why this answer

NTP synchronization issues and TCP port connectivity (like 1515, 1502) between nodes are the most frequent causes of database replication failure.

31
Multi-Selecthard

Which THREE of the following items must be verified during a site-to-site VPN check for collaboration traffic?

Select 3 answers
A.DHCP relay configuration
B.MTU size
C.NTP server reachability
D.UDP port range availability
E.DSCP tag preservation
AnswersB, D, E

Must be sufficient to avoid packet fragmentation.

Why this answer

MTU sizes (to avoid fragmentation), DSCP tag preservation (to maintain QoS), and UDP port ranges (for RTP media) are critical for successful inter-site communication.

32
MCQmedium

You are designing a solution for secure voice signaling. Which protocol provides encryption for SIP signaling messages in a CUCM environment?

A.IPsec
B.SRTP
C.TLS
D.SSH
AnswerC

TLS is used to encrypt the SIP signaling path.

Why this answer

SIP messages are encrypted using TLS (Transport Layer Security), which is referred to as SIPS in the context of secured signaling.

33
MCQhard

You are configuring DNS SRV records to support Jabber service discovery. Which domain format is correct for the _collab-edge._tls record?

A._tls._collab-edge.example.com
B.collab-edge.example.com._tls
C._collab-edge._tcp.example.com
D._collab-edge._tls.example.com
AnswerD

This is the correctly formatted SRV record for MRA discovery.

Why this answer

The _collab-edge._tls record is used by Cisco Expressway-E for MRA discovery, and it must point to the FQDN of the Expressway-E cluster.

34
MCQmedium

Which log file is most useful for troubleshooting registration issues between an IP phone and CUCM?

A.Cisco CallManager Traces
B.System Health Reports
C.Cisco TFTP Logs
D.Cisco Tomcat Logs
AnswerA

These traces show the SIP/SCCP signaling flow and registration attempts.

Why this answer

The Cisco CallManager traces are essential for reviewing the registration/signaling exchange between the device and the call agent.

35
MCQhard

When designing a Cisco Jabber deployment using MRA, which internal service is responsible for providing the configuration file and server list to the client?

A.Cisco Unity Connection
B.IM and Presence Service
C.TFTP Server
D.Cisco Expressway-C
AnswerD

Expressway-C proxies the request to the internal CUCM for config file retrieval.

Why this answer

The Cisco Expressway-C (internal) acts as a proxy for the CUCM nodes to provide configuration files via HTTPS.

36
MCQmedium

You are verifying the network readiness for a Cisco TelePresence endpoint. Which tool would you use to measure the packet loss, latency, and jitter on the path to the CUCM cluster?

A.NetFlow
B.SNMP
C.IP SLA
D.SPAN
AnswerC

IP SLA provides metrics for jitter, latency, and packet loss.

Why this answer

IP SLA (Service Level Agreement) is the Cisco IOS feature used to generate synthetic traffic to measure network performance metrics.

37
MCQmedium

Which protocol is primarily used by Cisco endpoints for music-on-hold (MoH) streaming from a Media Resource Group?

A.SIP INFO
B.HTTPS
C.Unicast RTSP
D.Multicast RTP
AnswerD

Multicast allows a single stream to be consumed by multiple endpoints.

Why this answer

Multicast is the standard method for streaming MoH, as it saves significant bandwidth compared to unicast streams.

38
MCQeasy

Which Cisco feature is used to ensure voice traffic is prioritized over web traffic on a Cisco access switch?

A.SNMP Traps
B.Quality of Service (QoS)
C.Spanning Tree Protocol
D.VLAN Trunking
AnswerB

QoS enables traffic prioritization.

Why this answer

QoS (Quality of Service) is the umbrella term for prioritizing voice packets using DSCP tags.

39
MCQeasy

In a Cisco CUCM cluster, which node is responsible for managing the database and performing configuration updates?

A.Publisher
B.Subscriber
C.TFTP node
D.Music on Hold (MoH) node
AnswerA

The Publisher is the master database node.

Why this answer

The Publisher node is the primary node that holds the master database copy and handles all configuration changes.

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