This SCS-C02 practice question tests your understanding of management and security governance. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A security engineer is designing a system to detect and respond to IAM policy changes that could grant excessive permissions. The solution must alert within minutes of the change and automatically revert the change if it violates a predefined baseline. Which combination of services should the engineer use?
AWS CloudTrail and Amazon S3
Why wrong: Storage alone does not trigger remediation.
AWS CloudTrail, Amazon CloudWatch Events, and AWS Lambda
This combination provides real-time alerting and automated remediation.
AWS Config and AWS Systems Manager
Why wrong: Config evaluates periodically and Systems Manager is not event-driven for this.
IAM Access Analyzer and AWS Lambda
Why wrong: Access Analyzer does not auto-remediate.
Answer choices
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
AWS CloudTrail, Amazon CloudWatch Events, and AWS Lambda
Option D is correct: AWS CloudTrail logs the change, CloudWatch Events triggers a Lambda function that compares the new policy to a baseline stored in S3, and if a violation is detected, the function reverts the change. Option A is wrong because AWS Config does not auto-remediate quickly and is not event-driven in real time. Option B is wrong because S3 does not process events. Option C is wrong because IAM Access Analyzer does not auto-remediate.
Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Answer analysis
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
AWS CloudTrail and Amazon S3
Why it's wrong here
Storage alone does not trigger remediation.
AWS CloudTrail, Amazon CloudWatch Events, and AWS Lambda
Why this is correct
This combination provides real-time alerting and automated remediation.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
AWS Config and AWS Systems Manager
Why it's wrong here
Config evaluates periodically and Systems Manager is not event-driven for this.
IAM Access Analyzer and AWS Lambda
Why it's wrong here
Access Analyzer does not auto-remediate.
Common exam traps
NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.
Detailed technical explanation
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
Key takeaway
NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Real-world example
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
What to study next
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related SCS-C02 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
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FAQ
Management and Security Governance — This question tests Management and Security Governance — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..
The correct answer is: AWS CloudTrail, Amazon CloudWatch Events, and AWS Lambda — Option D is correct: AWS CloudTrail logs the change, CloudWatch Events triggers a Lambda function that compares the new policy to a baseline stored in S3, and if a violation is detected, the function reverts the change. Option A is wrong because AWS Config does not auto-remediate quickly and is not event-driven in real time. Option B is wrong because S3 does not process events. Option C is wrong because IAM Access Analyzer does not auto-remediate.
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related SCS-C02 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
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Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026
This SCS-C02 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Amazon Web Services certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the SCS-C02 exam.
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