- A
Attach Elastic Network Interfaces (ENIs) of the firewall instances to the inspection VPC subnets.
ENIs are required for traffic to pass through the firewall.
- B
Configure the Transit Gateway to propagate routes directly between VPCs.
Why wrong: Would bypass the firewall inspection.
- C
Deploy the firewall appliance as an EC2 instance in each AZ, with auto scaling groups.
Ensures availability if an AZ fails.
- D
Use a single route table in the Transit Gateway for all VPC attachments.
Why wrong: Does not allow asymmetric routing through firewall; need separate route tables.
- E
Create a dedicated inspection VPC with firewall instances in different Availability Zones.
Centralizes inspection and provides HA across AZs.
Question 1,507 of 1,746
SAP-C02 Continuous Improvement for Existing Solutions Practice Question
This SAP-C02 practice question tests your understanding of continuous improvement for existing solutions. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company has a production AWS account with multiple VPCs connected via a Transit Gateway. The security team wants to centrally inspect all traffic between VPCs using a third-party firewall appliance. The firewall must be able to process traffic, and the solution must be highly available. Which THREE steps should the company take?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Attach Elastic Network Interfaces (ENIs) of the firewall instances to the inspection VPC subnets.
Options A, C, and E are correct. A: Attaching ENIs of firewall instances to the inspection VPC subnets allows traffic to be forwarded to the firewall for inspection. C: Deploying the firewall appliance as an EC2 instance in each AZ with auto scaling groups ensures high availability and scalability. E: Creating a dedicated inspection VPC with firewall instances in different Availability Zones centralizes inspection and provides fault tolerance. Option B is incorrect because propagating routes directly between VPCs would bypass the inspection firewall. Option D is incorrect because using a single route table in the Transit Gateway would not allow for selective routing to the inspection VPC and limits high availability.
Key principle: Count usable hosts — not total addresses — and remember that the network and broadcast addresses are not available to hosts in standard IPv4 subnets.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
Attach Elastic Network Interfaces (ENIs) of the firewall instances to the inspection VPC subnets.
- ✗
Configure the Transit Gateway to propagate routes directly between VPCs.
Why it's wrong here
Would bypass the firewall inspection.
- ✓
Deploy the firewall appliance as an EC2 instance in each AZ, with auto scaling groups.
Why this is correct
Ensures availability if an AZ fails.
Related concept
CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
- ✗
Use a single route table in the Transit Gateway for all VPC attachments.
Why it's wrong here
Does not allow asymmetric routing through firewall; need separate route tables.
- ✓
Create a dedicated inspection VPC with firewall instances in different Availability Zones.
Why this is correct
Centralizes inspection and provides HA across AZs.
Related concept
CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: usable hosts are not the same as total addresses
Subnetting questions often tempt you into counting all addresses. In normal IPv4 subnets, the network and broadcast addresses are not usable host addresses.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
Subnetting questions test whether you can identify the network, broadcast address, usable range, mask and correct subnet. Slow down enough to calculate the block size correctly.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
- Block size helps identify subnet boundaries.
- Network and broadcast addresses are not usable hosts in normal IPv4 subnets.
- The required host count determines the smallest suitable subnet.
TExam Day Tips
- Write the block size before choosing the subnet.
- Check whether the question asks for hosts, subnets or a specific address range.
- Do not confuse /24, /25, /26 and /27 host counts.
Key takeaway
Count usable hosts — not total addresses — and remember that the network and broadcast addresses are not available to hosts in standard IPv4 subnets.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
An e-commerce site experiences heavy traffic on Black Friday and near-zero traffic during off-peak weeks. Rather than provisioning permanent large VMs, the team uses auto-scaling groups that add capacity automatically under load and reduce it overnight. Questions like this test whether you understand elasticity, availability zones, and cloud compute scaling patterns.
Visual reference
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review block sizes, usable host formulas (2^n − 2), and how to find network and broadcast addresses for /24 through /30. Then practise related SAP-C02 subnetting questions on CIDR, address ranges, and subnet selection.
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Continuous Improvement for Existing Solutions — study guide chapter
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this SAP-C02 question test?
Continuous Improvement for Existing Solutions — This question tests Continuous Improvement for Existing Solutions — CIDR notation defines the prefix length..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Attach Elastic Network Interfaces (ENIs) of the firewall instances to the inspection VPC subnets. — Options A, C, and E are correct. A: Attaching ENIs of firewall instances to the inspection VPC subnets allows traffic to be forwarded to the firewall for inspection. C: Deploying the firewall appliance as an EC2 instance in each AZ with auto scaling groups ensures high availability and scalability. E: Creating a dedicated inspection VPC with firewall instances in different Availability Zones centralizes inspection and provides fault tolerance. Option B is incorrect because propagating routes directly between VPCs would bypass the inspection firewall. Option D is incorrect because using a single route table in the Transit Gateway would not allow for selective routing to the inspection VPC and limits high availability.
What should I do if I get this SAP-C02 question wrong?
Review block sizes, usable host formulas (2^n − 2), and how to find network and broadcast addresses for /24 through /30. Then practise related SAP-C02 subnetting questions on CIDR, address ranges, and subnet selection.
What is the key concept behind this question?
CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
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Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026
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