- A
Add a resource-based policy to the Lambda function that grants S3 permission to invoke it.
A resource-based policy (function policy) allows S3 to invoke the Lambda function.
- B
Configure an S3 bucket notification event to send events to the Lambda function.
S3 bucket notification configuration triggers Lambda on events.
- C
Attach an IAM role to the S3 bucket that allows it to invoke Lambda functions.
Why wrong: S3 does not assume an IAM role to invoke Lambda; it uses resource-based policies.
- D
Create an event source mapping in Lambda for the S3 bucket.
Why wrong: S3 events use push model; no event source mapping is needed.
- E
Create an IAM role for the Lambda function with permissions to read from the S3 bucket.
The Lambda function needs IAM permissions to access the S3 object.
SAP-C02 Design for New Solutions Practice Question
This SAP-C02 practice question tests your understanding of design for new solutions. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company is designing a new serverless application using AWS Lambda. The application must be invoked by an Amazon S3 bucket event. The company wants to ensure that the Lambda function has the necessary permissions to be invoked. Which THREE steps are required?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Add a resource-based policy to the Lambda function that grants S3 permission to invoke it.
Option A is correct because Lambda uses a resource-based policy (also known as a function policy) to grant other AWS services, such as S3, permission to invoke the function. Without this policy, S3 does not have the necessary invoke permissions, and the Lambda function will reject the invocation request.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
Add a resource-based policy to the Lambda function that grants S3 permission to invoke it.
Why this is correct
A resource-based policy (function policy) allows S3 to invoke the Lambda function.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✓
Configure an S3 bucket notification event to send events to the Lambda function.
Why this is correct
S3 bucket notification configuration triggers Lambda on events.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✗
Attach an IAM role to the S3 bucket that allows it to invoke Lambda functions.
Why it's wrong here
S3 does not assume an IAM role to invoke Lambda; it uses resource-based policies.
- ✗
Create an event source mapping in Lambda for the S3 bucket.
Why it's wrong here
S3 events use push model; no event source mapping is needed.
- ✓
Create an IAM role for the Lambda function with permissions to read from the S3 bucket.
Why this is correct
The Lambda function needs IAM permissions to access the S3 object.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
The trap here is confusing event source mappings (used for polling-based triggers like SQS or DynamoDB Streams) with S3 event notifications, which are push-based and require only a resource-based policy and a bucket notification configuration.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
When S3 sends an event notification to Lambda, it uses the `lambda:InvokeFunction` API call. The resource-based policy on the Lambda function must explicitly allow the S3 service principal (`s3.amazonaws.com`) to invoke the function, and optionally restrict the source ARN to the specific bucket to follow the principle of least privilege. The S3 bucket notification configuration is a separate step that defines the event types (e.g., `s3:ObjectCreated:*`) and the target Lambda function ARN.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
Quick reference
AWS S3 Storage Class Comparison
| Storage Class | Min Duration | Retrieval | Use Case |
|---|---|---|---|
| S3 Standard | None | Immediate | Frequently accessed data |
| S3 Standard-IA | 30 days | Immediate | Infrequent access, rapid retrieval |
| S3 One Zone-IA | 30 days | Immediate | Non-critical infrequent data |
| S3 Intelligent-Tiering | None | Immediate–hours | Unknown or changing access patterns |
| S3 Glacier Instant | 90 days | Milliseconds | Archive with instant retrieval |
| S3 Glacier Flexible | 90 days | Minutes–hours | Archive, flexible retrieval |
| S3 Glacier Deep Archive | 180 days | Hours | Long-term compliance archive |
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this SAP-C02 question test?
Design for New Solutions — This question tests Design for New Solutions — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Add a resource-based policy to the Lambda function that grants S3 permission to invoke it. — Option A is correct because Lambda uses a resource-based policy (also known as a function policy) to grant other AWS services, such as S3, permission to invoke the function. Without this policy, S3 does not have the necessary invoke permissions, and the Lambda function will reject the invocation request.
What should I do if I get this SAP-C02 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Last reviewed: Jul 4, 2026
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