SAP-C02 Design for New Solutions Practice Question

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.

```
Resources:
  MyBucket:
    Type: AWS::S3::Bucket
    Properties:
      BucketName: !Sub "${AWS::StackName}-mybucket"
      VersioningConfiguration:
        Status: Enabled
  MyBucketPolicy:
    Type: AWS::S3::BucketPolicy
    Properties:
      Bucket: !Ref MyBucket
      PolicyDocument:
        Statement:
          - Effect: Allow
            Principal: "*"
            Action: "s3:GetObject"
            Resource: !Sub "${MyBucket.Arn}/*"
```

Refer to the exhibit. A CloudFormation template creates an S3 bucket with versioning and a public bucket policy. After deployment, users can access objects in the bucket via the internet. However, the security team requires that all access be logged. What is missing from this configuration?

⚠ Common exam trap

It's easy for candidates to confuse security controls like encryption, IP restrictions, or versioning with logging, failing to recognize that the specific requirement for 'all access to be logged' can only be met by explicitly configuring a logging destination.

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

✓

No logging configuration is specified.

The question states that the security team requires all access to be logged, but the CloudFormation template does not include any logging configuration (e.g., server access logs or AWS CloudTrail object-level logging). Without enabling S3 server access logging or delivering logs to a target bucket, no access records are generated, violating the logging requirement. The bucket policy and versioning are irrelevant to the logging gap.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

✗
The bucket is not encrypted.
Why it's wrong here
Encryption protects data at rest and has no bearing on recording who accessed objects. The stem requires access logging, which needs S3 server access logging or CloudTrail data events enabled on the bucket. Encryption would be the answer if the requirement were confidentiality of stored objects rather than an audit trail.
✗
The bucket policy does not restrict access to a specific IP range.
Why it's wrong here
An IP restriction limits who may access objects but records nothing about the requests themselves. The requirement is an audit trail of all access, satisfied by S3 server access logging or CloudTrail data events. An IP condition in the bucket policy would be correct if the goal were restricting access to a corporate network range.
✗
Bucket versioning is not enabled.
Why it's wrong here
Versioning preserves prior object versions against overwrite or deletion; it does not record access requests. The stem needs S3 server access logging or CloudTrail data events to capture every request. Versioning would be the correct addition if the requirement were recoverability of overwritten or deleted objects.
✓
No logging configuration is specified.
Why this is correct
Server access logging is a separate bucket-level property that CloudFormation does not enable implicitly; versioning and a public policy govern object retention and access, not request auditing. Because the template defines neither an AWS::S3::Bucket LoggingConfiguration nor a target bucket, no access records reach any destination, so the security team's logging requirement remains unmet.

Quick reference

AWS S3 Storage Class Comparison

Storage Class	Min Duration	Retrieval	Use Case
S3 Standard	None	Immediate	Frequently accessed data
S3 Standard-IA	30 days	Immediate	Infrequent access, rapid retrieval
S3 One Zone-IA	30 days	Immediate	Non-critical infrequent data
S3 Intelligent-Tiering	None	Immediate–hours	Unknown or changing access patterns
S3 Glacier Instant	90 days	Milliseconds	Archive with instant retrieval
S3 Glacier Flexible	90 days	Minutes–hours	Archive, flexible retrieval
S3 Glacier Deep Archive	180 days	Hours	Long-term compliance archive

Go deeper

SAP-C02 Design for New Solutions Practice Question

Exhibit

Why each option matters

Option-by-option breakdown

AWS S3 Storage Class Comparison

Related to this question