- A
Use Amazon EventBridge to capture API calls from all accounts and route them to a central CloudWatch Logs group.
Why wrong: EventBridge does not capture all API calls by default.
- B
Enable CloudTrail in each account and configure the trail to send logs to a CloudWatch Logs group in that account. Then create a cross-account CloudWatch dashboard.
Why wrong: Requires per-account setup and cross-account dashboard.
- C
Use CloudWatch cross-account observability to aggregate logs from all accounts into a single monitoring account.
Why wrong: Adds complexity of setting up cross-account observability.
- D
Enable an organization trail in CloudTrail in the management account to deliver logs to a central S3 bucket. Use Amazon CloudWatch Logs to process the logs and create a metric filter, then build a dashboard.
Organization trail centralizes logs, and CloudWatch Logs can create metrics and dashboards.
SAP-C02 Practice Question: Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity
This SAP-C02 practice question tests your understanding of design solutions for organizational complexity. This is a configuration task: choose the command set that satisfies every stated requirement. Small differences — like 'secret' vs 'password' or 'transport input ssh' vs 'all' — change whether the answer is correct. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company uses AWS Organizations and has a requirement that all API calls to AWS services must be logged and monitored. The security team wants to create a central CloudWatch dashboard that shows API activity across all accounts. Which solution should be implemented with the least operational overhead?
Clue words in this question
Noticing these words before you look at the options changes how you read each choice.
Clue:
"least"Why it matters: You want the option with minimum overhead, fewest steps, or lowest impact — not the most feature-rich or comprehensive answer.
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Enable an organization trail in CloudTrail in the management account to deliver logs to a central S3 bucket. Use Amazon CloudWatch Logs to process the logs and create a metric filter, then build a dashboard.
Option D is correct because enabling an organization trail in CloudTrail from the management account automatically applies to all accounts in the AWS Organization, delivering logs to a central S3 bucket with minimal per-account configuration. Using CloudWatch Logs with metric filters on that S3 bucket allows the security team to create a central CloudWatch dashboard that monitors API activity across all accounts, satisfying the requirement with the least operational overhead.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Use Amazon EventBridge to capture API calls from all accounts and route them to a central CloudWatch Logs group.
Why it's wrong here
EventBridge does not capture all API calls by default.
- ✗
Enable CloudTrail in each account and configure the trail to send logs to a CloudWatch Logs group in that account. Then create a cross-account CloudWatch dashboard.
Why it's wrong here
Requires per-account setup and cross-account dashboard.
- ✗
Use CloudWatch cross-account observability to aggregate logs from all accounts into a single monitoring account.
Why it's wrong here
Adds complexity of setting up cross-account observability.
- ✓
Enable an organization trail in CloudTrail in the management account to deliver logs to a central S3 bucket. Use Amazon CloudWatch Logs to process the logs and create a metric filter, then build a dashboard.
Why this is correct
Organization trail centralizes logs, and CloudWatch Logs can create metrics and dashboards.
Clue confirmation
The clue word "least" in the question point toward this answer.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
The trap here is that candidates often assume cross-account observability (Option C) is the simplest solution for central monitoring, but it does not natively aggregate CloudTrail logs and requires additional configuration, whereas an organization trail provides automatic, centralized logging with minimal overhead.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
An organization trail in AWS CloudTrail is created in the management account and automatically applies to all member accounts, including future accounts added to the organization, without any per-account setup. The logs are delivered to a single S3 bucket, and you can use CloudWatch Logs subscription filters or Lambda to process the logs, then create metric filters for specific API calls (e.g., IAM changes) to build a dashboard. This approach scales seamlessly as the organization grows, avoiding the need to manage individual trails or cross-account permissions.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
Quick reference
AWS S3 Storage Class Comparison
| Storage Class | Min Duration | Retrieval | Use Case |
|---|---|---|---|
| S3 Standard | None | Immediate | Frequently accessed data |
| S3 Standard-IA | 30 days | Immediate | Infrequent access, rapid retrieval |
| S3 One Zone-IA | 30 days | Immediate | Non-critical infrequent data |
| S3 Intelligent-Tiering | None | Immediate–hours | Unknown or changing access patterns |
| S3 Glacier Instant | 90 days | Milliseconds | Archive with instant retrieval |
| S3 Glacier Flexible | 90 days | Minutes–hours | Archive, flexible retrieval |
| S3 Glacier Deep Archive | 180 days | Hours | Long-term compliance archive |
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this SAP-C02 question test?
Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity — This question tests Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Enable an organization trail in CloudTrail in the management account to deliver logs to a central S3 bucket. Use Amazon CloudWatch Logs to process the logs and create a metric filter, then build a dashboard. — Option D is correct because enabling an organization trail in CloudTrail from the management account automatically applies to all accounts in the AWS Organization, delivering logs to a central S3 bucket with minimal per-account configuration. Using CloudWatch Logs with metric filters on that S3 bucket allows the security team to create a central CloudWatch dashboard that monitors API activity across all accounts, satisfying the requirement with the least operational overhead.
What should I do if I get this SAP-C02 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
Are there clue words in this question I should notice?
Yes — watch for: "least". You want the option with minimum overhead, fewest steps, or lowest impact — not the most feature-rich or comprehensive answer.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Last reviewed: Jun 24, 2026
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