- A
Use AWS Config to record IAM role changes and stream to CloudWatch Logs.
Why wrong: Config records resource changes, not API calls.
- B
Create a CloudWatch Logs metric filter and alarm to detect IAM role creation/modification events.
Metric filters can parse logs and trigger alarms.
- C
Create an SCP that denies IAM role creation and modification.
Why wrong: SCPs deny actions, they don't log them.
- D
Enable CloudTrail management events with CloudWatch Logs integration in all accounts.
CloudTrail logs IAM actions to CloudWatch Logs.
- E
Enable IAM Access Analyzer to monitor IAM role usage.
Why wrong: Access Analyzer analyzes policies, not logs.
Question 465 of 1,746
SAP-C02 Practice Question: Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity
This SAP-C02 practice question tests your understanding of design solutions for organizational complexity. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company is designing a multi-account strategy using AWS Organizations. The security team requires that all API calls to create or modify IAM roles are logged and alerted. Which TWO steps should be taken to meet this requirement?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Create a CloudWatch Logs metric filter and alarm to detect IAM role creation/modification events.
Option B is correct because a CloudWatch Logs metric filter can parse CloudTrail logs for specific API calls (e.g., CreateRole, UpdateAssumeRolePolicy) and trigger an alarm when IAM role creation or modification events occur. Option D is correct because enabling CloudTrail management events with CloudWatch Logs integration in all accounts ensures that all IAM role API calls are captured in a centralized log group, which is a prerequisite for the metric filter and alarm to work.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Use AWS Config to record IAM role changes and stream to CloudWatch Logs.
Why it's wrong here
Config records resource changes, not API calls.
- ✓
Create a CloudWatch Logs metric filter and alarm to detect IAM role creation/modification events.
Why this is correct
Metric filters can parse logs and trigger alarms.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✗
Create an SCP that denies IAM role creation and modification.
Why it's wrong here
SCPs deny actions, they don't log them.
- ✓
Enable CloudTrail management events with CloudWatch Logs integration in all accounts.
Why this is correct
CloudTrail logs IAM actions to CloudWatch Logs.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✗
Enable IAM Access Analyzer to monitor IAM role usage.
Why it's wrong here
Access Analyzer analyzes policies, not logs.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
The trap here is that candidates often confuse AWS Config (which records configuration changes) with CloudTrail (which records API calls), leading them to select Option A instead of the correct combination of CloudTrail and CloudWatch Logs metric filters.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
CloudTrail management events capture all IAM API calls (e.g., CreateRole, UpdateRole, DeleteRole) and, when integrated with CloudWatch Logs, send those logs to a log group. A metric filter with a pattern like '{ $.eventSource = "iam.amazonaws.com" && ($.eventName = "CreateRole" || $.eventName = "UpdateAssumeRolePolicy") }' can then create a metric, and a CloudWatch alarm on that metric triggers an SNS notification or other action. This approach ensures centralized logging and alerting across all accounts in an AWS Organization without blocking legitimate actions.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
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Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity — study guide chapter
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this SAP-C02 question test?
Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity — This question tests Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Create a CloudWatch Logs metric filter and alarm to detect IAM role creation/modification events. — Option B is correct because a CloudWatch Logs metric filter can parse CloudTrail logs for specific API calls (e.g., CreateRole, UpdateAssumeRolePolicy) and trigger an alarm when IAM role creation or modification events occur. Option D is correct because enabling CloudTrail management events with CloudWatch Logs integration in all accounts ensures that all IAM role API calls are captured in a centralized log group, which is a prerequisite for the metric filter and alarm to work.
What should I do if I get this SAP-C02 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Last reviewed: Jul 4, 2026
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