- A
Use Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to ingest data, AWS Lambda to process, and store in S3
Kinesis Data Streams provides sub-second ingestion, Lambda can process in real-time, and data retention allows reprocessing.
- B
Use Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose to ingest data, transform with Lambda, and store in S3
Why wrong: Firehose has a buffer interval of at least 60 seconds, not sub-second.
- C
Use AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) to ingest data into Amazon S3
Why wrong: DMS is for database migration, not real-time streaming ingestion.
- D
Use Amazon SQS to buffer data, and an EC2 Auto Scaling group to process and store in S3
Why wrong: SQS is not designed for streaming data; it's for message queues.
Question 886 of 1,746
SAP-C02 Design for New Solutions Practice Question
This SAP-C02 practice question tests your understanding of design for new solutions. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company is designing a new system that will ingest and process real-time streaming data from thousands of IoT devices. Each device sends data every second. The data must be processed with low latency (under 1 second) and then stored in Amazon S3 for long-term analytics. The company also needs to be able to reprocess data in case of processing errors. Which solution should the architect recommend?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Use Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to ingest data, AWS Lambda to process, and store in S3
Amazon Kinesis Data Streams provides sub-second ingestion latency, which meets the under-1-second processing requirement. AWS Lambda can process each record with low latency and store the results directly in Amazon S3. Kinesis Data Streams also supports data replay for up to 365 days (default 24 hours), enabling reprocessing in case of errors.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
Use Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to ingest data, AWS Lambda to process, and store in S3
Why this is correct
Kinesis Data Streams provides sub-second ingestion, Lambda can process in real-time, and data retention allows reprocessing.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✗
Use Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose to ingest data, transform with Lambda, and store in S3
Why it's wrong here
Firehose has a buffer interval of at least 60 seconds, not sub-second.
- ✗
Use AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) to ingest data into Amazon S3
Why it's wrong here
DMS is for database migration, not real-time streaming ingestion.
- ✗
Use Amazon SQS to buffer data, and an EC2 Auto Scaling group to process and store in S3
Why it's wrong here
SQS is not designed for streaming data; it's for message queues.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
The trap here is that candidates confuse Kinesis Data Firehose (which has higher latency due to buffering) with Kinesis Data Streams (which offers sub-second latency), leading them to choose Firehose for low-latency requirements.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
Kinesis Data Streams uses shards to scale throughput, with each shard supporting up to 1 MB/s or 1,000 records/s for writes. Lambda can be configured with a batch window of as low as 0 seconds (poll-based) to achieve near-real-time processing. The data retention period can be extended to 365 days for replay, which is critical for reprocessing failed records without external storage.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
Quick reference
AWS S3 Storage Class Comparison
| Storage Class | Min Duration | Retrieval | Use Case |
|---|---|---|---|
| S3 Standard | None | Immediate | Frequently accessed data |
| S3 Standard-IA | 30 days | Immediate | Infrequent access, rapid retrieval |
| S3 One Zone-IA | 30 days | Immediate | Non-critical infrequent data |
| S3 Intelligent-Tiering | None | Immediate–hours | Unknown or changing access patterns |
| S3 Glacier Instant | 90 days | Milliseconds | Archive with instant retrieval |
| S3 Glacier Flexible | 90 days | Minutes–hours | Archive, flexible retrieval |
| S3 Glacier Deep Archive | 180 days | Hours | Long-term compliance archive |
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
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Design for New Solutions — study guide chapter
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this SAP-C02 question test?
Design for New Solutions — This question tests Design for New Solutions — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Use Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to ingest data, AWS Lambda to process, and store in S3 — Amazon Kinesis Data Streams provides sub-second ingestion latency, which meets the under-1-second processing requirement. AWS Lambda can process each record with low latency and store the results directly in Amazon S3. Kinesis Data Streams also supports data replay for up to 365 days (default 24 hours), enabling reprocessing in case of errors.
What should I do if I get this SAP-C02 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Last reviewed: Jul 4, 2026
This SAP-C02 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Amazon Web Services certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the SAP-C02 exam.
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