- A
Create an IAM role in each account that requires CloudTrail to be enabled
Why wrong: IAM roles cannot require services to be enabled.
- B
Use CloudFormation StackSets to deploy a CloudTrail trail in each account
Why wrong: This does not prevent users from disabling the trail.
- C
Use AWS Config rules to detect when CloudTrail is not configured correctly and trigger remediation
Config rules can monitor and auto-remediate to ensure compliance.
- D
Use AWS Lambda to automatically re-enable CloudTrail if it is disabled
Why wrong: This is reactive and not enforcement.
- E
Use a service control policy (SCP) to deny actions that disable CloudTrail or modify the trail configuration
SCPs can prevent disabling or altering the central trail.
Question 1,591 of 1,746
SAP-C02 Practice Question: Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity
This SAP-C02 practice question tests your understanding of design solutions for organizational complexity. This is a configuration task: choose the command set that satisfies every stated requirement. Small differences — like 'secret' vs 'password' or 'transport input ssh' vs 'all' — change whether the answer is correct. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company uses AWS Organizations to manage multiple accounts. The security team wants to ensure that all accounts use AWS CloudTrail with logs delivered to a central S3 bucket. Which TWO actions should be taken to enforce this?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Use AWS Config rules to detect when CloudTrail is not configured correctly and trigger remediation
Option C is correct because AWS Config rules can be used to continuously monitor CloudTrail configuration across accounts and automatically trigger remediation actions (e.g., via AWS Systems Manager Automation or Lambda) when non-compliance is detected. This ensures that any drift from the required CloudTrail setup is corrected without manual intervention, providing a detective and corrective control. Option E is correct because a service control policy (SCP) can deny the cloudtrail:StopLogging, cloudtrail:DeleteTrail, and cloudtrail:UpdateTrail actions at the organizational level, preventing any account from disabling or modifying the central CloudTrail trail, thus enforcing the required configuration proactively.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Create an IAM role in each account that requires CloudTrail to be enabled
Why it's wrong here
IAM roles cannot require services to be enabled.
- ✗
Use CloudFormation StackSets to deploy a CloudTrail trail in each account
Why it's wrong here
This does not prevent users from disabling the trail.
- ✓
Use AWS Config rules to detect when CloudTrail is not configured correctly and trigger remediation
Why this is correct
Config rules can monitor and auto-remediate to ensure compliance.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✗
Use AWS Lambda to automatically re-enable CloudTrail if it is disabled
Why it's wrong here
This is reactive and not enforcement.
- ✓
Use a service control policy (SCP) to deny actions that disable CloudTrail or modify the trail configuration
Why this is correct
SCPs can prevent disabling or altering the central trail.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
The trap here is that candidates often confuse initial deployment (CloudFormation StackSets) with ongoing enforcement, or they mistakenly believe that a reactive Lambda function is sufficient for compliance, failing to recognize that SCPs and Config rules provide the necessary preventive and detective controls required by the security team's goal of ensuring all accounts use CloudTrail with logs delivered to a central S3 bucket.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
Service control policies (SCPs) are evaluated before any IAM or resource-based policies, meaning they can effectively block actions like cloudtrail:StopLogging even if the account has full administrative privileges. AWS Config rules, when combined with automatic remediation using Systems Manager Automation documents, can detect and fix misconfigurations such as a trail being stopped or its S3 bucket policy being altered, ensuring continuous compliance. In a multi-account environment, these two approaches complement each other: SCPs provide preventive guardrails, while Config rules provide detective and corrective controls.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
Quick reference
AWS S3 Storage Class Comparison
| Storage Class | Min Duration | Retrieval | Use Case |
|---|---|---|---|
| S3 Standard | None | Immediate | Frequently accessed data |
| S3 Standard-IA | 30 days | Immediate | Infrequent access, rapid retrieval |
| S3 One Zone-IA | 30 days | Immediate | Non-critical infrequent data |
| S3 Intelligent-Tiering | None | Immediate–hours | Unknown or changing access patterns |
| S3 Glacier Instant | 90 days | Milliseconds | Archive with instant retrieval |
| S3 Glacier Flexible | 90 days | Minutes–hours | Archive, flexible retrieval |
| S3 Glacier Deep Archive | 180 days | Hours | Long-term compliance archive |
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
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Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity — study guide chapter
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this SAP-C02 question test?
Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity — This question tests Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Use AWS Config rules to detect when CloudTrail is not configured correctly and trigger remediation — Option C is correct because AWS Config rules can be used to continuously monitor CloudTrail configuration across accounts and automatically trigger remediation actions (e.g., via AWS Systems Manager Automation or Lambda) when non-compliance is detected. This ensures that any drift from the required CloudTrail setup is corrected without manual intervention, providing a detective and corrective control. Option E is correct because a service control policy (SCP) can deny the cloudtrail:StopLogging, cloudtrail:DeleteTrail, and cloudtrail:UpdateTrail actions at the organizational level, preventing any account from disabling or modifying the central CloudTrail trail, thus enforcing the required configuration proactively.
What should I do if I get this SAP-C02 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Last reviewed: Jul 4, 2026
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