- A
Use S3 replication with SSE-KMS to copy logs from source accounts to the logging account.
Why wrong: Logs are in CloudWatch Logs, not S3.
- B
Create a cross-account destination in the logging account, configure subscription filters in source accounts, and attach a KMS key policy that allows CloudWatch Logs in source accounts to use the key.
This enables cross-account log delivery with customer-managed KMS encryption.
- C
Create a cross-account destination in each source account and attach a resource policy that grants the logging account permission to write.
Why wrong: Destination should be in the logging account, not source.
- D
Use the default AWS-managed KMS key for CloudWatch Logs in each source account.
Why wrong: The security team wants the logging account to manage the key, not source accounts.
SAP-C02 Practice Question: Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity
This SAP-C02 practice question tests your understanding of design solutions for organizational complexity. This is a configuration task: choose the command set that satisfies every stated requirement. Small differences — like 'secret' vs 'password' or 'transport input ssh' vs 'all' — change whether the answer is correct. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company has a centralized logging account and multiple application accounts. Each application account sends CloudWatch Logs to a cross-account log group in the logging account. The security team wants to ensure that logs are encrypted at rest using a KMS key that only the logging account can manage. Which configuration is required?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Create a cross-account destination in the logging account, configure subscription filters in source accounts, and attach a KMS key policy that allows CloudWatch Logs in source accounts to use the key.
Option B is correct because it uses a cross-account destination in the logging account with subscription filters in the source accounts, which is the standard pattern for streaming CloudWatch Logs across accounts. The KMS key policy must grant the CloudWatch Logs service in the source accounts permission to use the key (via kms:Encrypt and kms:Decrypt) so that logs can be encrypted at rest in the logging account while only the logging account manages the key.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Use S3 replication with SSE-KMS to copy logs from source accounts to the logging account.
Why it's wrong here
Logs are in CloudWatch Logs, not S3.
- ✓
Create a cross-account destination in the logging account, configure subscription filters in source accounts, and attach a KMS key policy that allows CloudWatch Logs in source accounts to use the key.
Why this is correct
This enables cross-account log delivery with customer-managed KMS encryption.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✗
Create a cross-account destination in each source account and attach a resource policy that grants the logging account permission to write.
Why it's wrong here
Destination should be in the logging account, not source.
- ✗
Use the default AWS-managed KMS key for CloudWatch Logs in each source account.
Why it's wrong here
The security team wants the logging account to manage the key, not source accounts.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
The trap here is that candidates confuse cross-account destinations (which require the destination to be in the logging account) with cross-account resource policies (which are placed in the source account), leading them to choose Option C.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
Under the hood, cross-account log streaming uses a subscription filter in the source account that sends log events to a destination ARN (a CloudWatch Logs delivery stream) in the logging account. The KMS key policy must include a statement allowing the CloudWatch Logs service principal (logs.<region>.amazonaws.com) from the source accounts to use the key, and the destination policy must grant the source accounts' CloudWatch Logs service permission to write. A real-world scenario is a multi-account audit setup where logs from hundreds of accounts must be centrally encrypted with a key controlled by a security team.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this SAP-C02 question test?
Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity — This question tests Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Create a cross-account destination in the logging account, configure subscription filters in source accounts, and attach a KMS key policy that allows CloudWatch Logs in source accounts to use the key. — Option B is correct because it uses a cross-account destination in the logging account with subscription filters in the source accounts, which is the standard pattern for streaming CloudWatch Logs across accounts. The KMS key policy must grant the CloudWatch Logs service in the source accounts permission to use the key (via kms:Encrypt and kms:Decrypt) so that logs can be encrypted at rest in the logging account while only the logging account manages the key.
What should I do if I get this SAP-C02 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Last reviewed: Jul 4, 2026
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